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Allow LMCacheConnectorV1 to support hybrid KV loads#42620

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avifenesh:avi/qwen-lmcache-hma
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Allow LMCacheConnectorV1 to support hybrid KV loads#42620
avifenesh wants to merge 3 commits into
vllm-project:mainfrom
avifenesh:avi/qwen-lmcache-hma

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@avifenesh

@avifenesh avifenesh commented May 14, 2026

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Summary

This keeps the vLLM-side change scoped to LMCacheConnectorV1 HMA plumbing. It intentionally does not add a scheduler/base supports_mamba_external_kv capability flag; connector-local safety is handled in the companion LMCache PR, and scheduler-side Mamba external-hit admission is owned by #42554 or an equivalent scheduler change.

What changes here:

  • LMCacheConnectorV1 implements SupportsHMA
  • LMCacheConnectorV1 exposes the vLLM KVCacheConfig to the LMCache adapter
  • request_finished_all_groups() forwards the block IDs for the LMCache-selected attention KV group instead of assuming group 0
  • focused unit tests cover HMA inheritance, selected-group forwarding, and invalid selected-group validation

Companion LMCache PR: LMCache/LMCache#3284

The full hybrid/Mamba external-hit path requires three pieces:

Why This Is Not Duplicating Existing PRs

I re-checked open PRs with:

  • gh pr list --repo vllm-project/vllm --state open --search "LMCacheConnectorV1 HMA" -> only this PR
  • gh pr list --repo vllm-project/vllm --state open --search "mamba prefix caching connector" -> related Mamba/PD work, but not this non-MP LMCache connector adapter handoff
  • gh pr list --repo vllm-project/vllm --state open --search "request_finished_all_groups LMCache" -> [KV connector] LMCacheMPConnector: SupportsHMA for hybrid models #42437 and this PR

Relationship to the closest PRs:

Validation

Current final diff:

  • git diff --check upstream/main...HEAD -> passed
  • uv run --with ruff ruff check vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py -> passed
  • uv run --with ruff ruff format --check vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py -> 2 files already formatted
  • .venv/bin/python -m py_compile vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py -> passed
  • .venv/bin/python -m pytest -q tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py -> 26 passed, 16 warnings

Full-stack runtime smoke from the validated feature stack, using this LMCache HMA plumbing plus the companion LMCache patch and scheduler admission enabled (#42554 now owns the scheduler side), Qwen 3.6 27B AutoRound int4, 14 fill prompts then repeat first prompt:

  • with LMCache hybrid state restore: repeat TTFT 0.845s, repeat latency 1.192s
  • without LMCache / no KV connector: repeat TTFT 8.216s, repeat latency 8.548s
  • delta: TTFT -7.371s (9.73x faster, 89.7% lower), latency -7.356s (7.17x faster, 86.0% lower)

Relevant runtime log lines from that full-stack smoke:

  • LMCache selected vLLM KV cache group 3 (FullAttentionSpec) with 16 layer(s), block_size=1568
  • LMCache detected 3 hybrid state KV cache group(s): [(0, 16, 1568), (1, 16, 1568), (2, 16, 1568)]
  • Loaded hybrid state ... at 10976 token(s)
  • Retrieved 10976 out of 10976 required tokens ... cost 13.9687 ms

AI Assistance Disclosure

This PR was prepared with AI coding-agent assistance. I reviewed the changes, ran the validations listed above, and take responsibility for the contribution.

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Claude Code Review

This pull request is from a fork — automated review is disabled. A repository maintainer can comment @claude review to run a one-time review.

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Code Review

This pull request introduces support for Hybrid Model Architecture (HMA) within the LMCacheConnectorV1. Key updates include the implementation of the SupportsHMA interface, a new supports_mamba_external_kv property, and the request_finished_all_groups method to manage multiple KV cache groups. Additionally, the scheduler now validates external KV support for Mamba blocks, and comprehensive unit tests have been added to cover these changes. I have no feedback to provide as no review comments were present.

Comment thread vllm/v1/core/sched/scheduler.py Outdated
if num_external_computed_tokens != 0:
supports_external_mamba = bool(
self.connector is not None
and getattr(self.connector, "supports_mamba_external_kv", False)

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If something like this is needed, then it should be added to the base KV connector interface and well documented

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Thanks, addressed in 421b29d by moving this from an ad hoc scheduler getattr into the KV connector interface.

Changes made:

  • added KVConnectorBase_V1.supports_mamba_external_kv with a documented default of False
  • changed the scheduler to call the typed connector property directly
  • delegated the capability through MultiConnector, requiring all child connectors to support it
  • added a focused MultiConnector unit test for the aggregation behavior

Fresh validation after the change:

  • uvx ruff check vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/base.py vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/multi_connector.py vllm/v1/core/sched/scheduler.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_multi_connector.py
  • uvx ruff format --check vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/base.py vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/multi_connector.py vllm/v1/core/sched/scheduler.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_multi_connector.py
  • python -m py_compile vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/base.py vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/multi_connector.py vllm/v1/core/sched/scheduler.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_multi_connector.py
  • pytest -q tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_multi_connector.py::test_multi_connector_overrides_all_base_methods tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_multi_connector.py::test_multi_connector_supports_mamba_external_kv -> 29 passed

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Follow-up in b824e57: I strengthened the documentation part of this change instead of relying only on the initial short docstring.

What changed:

  • expanded KVConnectorBase_V1.supports_mamba_external_kv docs to describe the scheduler consumer, why attention KV alone is unsafe for hybrid/Mamba requests, the exact opt-in guarantee, and the safe default of False
  • documented LMCacheConnectorV1 as adapter-gated so older LMCache adapters remain false by default
  • documented MultiConnector as requiring every child connector to opt in
  • added a public docs section in docs/features/disagg_prefill.md under Development: Hybrid/Mamba external cache hits

Fresh validation:

  • uvx ruff check on the touched Python files and focused test file: passed
  • uvx ruff format --check on the same files: passed
  • python -m py_compile on the touched Python files and focused test file: passed
  • pytest -q tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_multi_connector.py::test_multi_connector_overrides_all_base_methods tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_multi_connector.py::test_multi_connector_supports_mamba_external_kv -> 29 passed
  • VLLM_TARGET_DEVICE=empty API_AUTONAV_EXCLUDE=vllm uv run --with-requirements requirements/docs.txt mkdocs build --site-dir /tmp/vllm-docs-site-noapi -> built successfully; the new section renders in docs/features/disagg_prefill.md

@avifenesh avifenesh force-pushed the avi/qwen-lmcache-hma branch 2 times, most recently from 421b29d to b824e57 Compare May 14, 2026 10:33
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mergify Bot commented May 14, 2026

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Documentation preview: https://vllm--42620.org.readthedocs.build/en/42620/

@mergify mergify Bot added the documentation Improvements or additions to documentation label May 14, 2026
@avifenesh avifenesh requested a review from markmc May 14, 2026 11:34

@NickLucche NickLucche left a comment

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Thanks for the work @avifenesh , I am not really convinced about the necessity of introducing supports_mamba_external_kv here.

Looking at it more broadly, If a connector (NOT an offloading connector) does not support mamba prefix caching, it can easily validate that within its class.
This flag is just maintaining the validation scheduler side, which is frankly not of much value: the assert was there simply because prefix caching+connector was postponed to a separate PR.
I am actually proposing to get rid of that entirely here #42554.

If your connector does not yet support prefix caching, just force/advertise --no-enable-prefix-caching as we've been doing for nixl until #42554.

Signed-off-by: Avi Fenesh <aviarchi1994@gmail.com>

Assisted-by: OpenAI Codex
@avifenesh avifenesh force-pushed the avi/qwen-lmcache-hma branch from 401c83d to 7bd596d Compare May 14, 2026 12:35
@avifenesh

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Thanks @NickLucche, agreed with the direction.

I dropped the supports_mamba_external_kv base/scheduler capability flag from this PR. The final diff is now scoped to the LMCache-specific HMA plumbing:

  • LMCacheConnectorV1 implements SupportsHMA
  • it exposes the vLLM KVCacheConfig to the LMCache adapter
  • request_finished_all_groups() forwards the LMCache-selected attention KV group instead of assuming group 0

I also removed the public docs/tests around the dropped capability flag and updated the PR description to call out the dependency graph explicitly: #42554 owns scheduler admission for Mamba external hits, this PR exposes the HMA plumbing to LMCache, and LMCache/LMCache#3284 performs connector-local validation by only reporting hits when the matching hybrid state is available.

Fresh validation on the final two-file diff:

  • git diff --check upstream/main...HEAD
  • uv run --with ruff ruff check vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py
  • uv run --with ruff ruff format --check vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py
  • .venv/bin/python -m py_compile vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py
  • .venv/bin/python -m pytest -q tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py -> 26 passed, 16 warnings

Comment on lines +118 to +122
def get_lmcache_kv_cache_config(self) -> "KVCacheConfig | None":
"""
Return the vLLM KV cache config for LMCache's integration adapter.
"""
return self._kv_cache_config

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this method might get picked up as dead code.
We should either comment that it's being used externally or use the property kv_cache_config directly.

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Done in 8b58c3ed5d: I removed the LMCache-specific getter and exposed the config through the connector attribute instead.

vLLM side:

  • LMCacheConnectorV1.__init__ now sets self.kv_cache_config = kv_cache_config
  • get_lmcache_kv_cache_config() was removed

Companion LMCache side is updated in LMCache/LMCache#3284 commit 6ae3e7f7 to read parent.kv_cache_config directly.

Fresh validation:

  • timeout 60 uvx ruff check vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py
  • timeout 60 uvx ruff format --check vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py
  • .venv/bin/python -m py_compile vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/lmcache_connector.py tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py
  • .venv/bin/python -m pytest -q tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_lmcache_connector.py -> 26 passed, 16 warnings

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Signed-off-by: Avi Fenesh <aviarchi1994@gmail.com>

Assisted-by: OpenAI Codex
@avifenesh

avifenesh commented Jun 11, 2026

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this is blocked on the pre-run-check gate - i dont have 4 merged prs in this repo yet, so it needs the ready or verified label from a maintainer for tests to run. could someone take a look and add it?
@NickLucche

@avifenesh avifenesh requested a review from NickLucche June 14, 2026 15:14
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