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i18n: automated Crowdin translation import (es - full)#16979

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i18n: automated Crowdin translation import (es - full)#16979
wackerow merged 591 commits into
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i18n/import/2025-12-21T11-45-40-crowdin-translations

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@wackerow wackerow commented Dec 21, 2025

Description

This PR contains automated gemini-2.5-pro translations from Crowdin.

🔗 View workflow run

Languages translated

Spanish - es

Files changed

JSON changes (src/intl/{locale}/)

  • page-layer-2-networks.json
  • page-gas.json
  • page-developers-tutorials.json
  • page-learn.json
  • page-start.json
  • page-index.json
  • page-roadmap.json
  • page-layer-2.json
  • page-get-eth.json
  • page-wallets.json
  • page-founders.json
  • page-community.json
  • page-bug-bounty.json
  • page-run-a-node.json
  • template-usecase.json
  • page-collectibles.json
  • common.json
  • page-stablecoins.json
  • page-what-is-ether.json
  • page-what-is-the-ethereum-network.json
  • page-layer-2-learn.json
  • page-developers-index.json
  • glossary-tooltip.json
  • page-wallets-find-wallet.json
  • page-10-year-anniversary.json
  • page-upgrades-index.json
  • page-ethereum-vs-bitcoin.json
  • page-upgrades-get-involved.json
  • page-staking.json
  • page-ethereum-history-founder-and-ownership.json
  • page-developers-learning-tools.json
  • page-developers-local-environment.json
  • page-what-is-ethereum.json
  • glossary.json
  • learn-quizzes.json
  • page-contributing-translation-program-acknowledgements.json
  • page-trillion-dollar-security.json
  • page-history.json
  • table.json
  • page-apps.json
  • page-about.json
  • page-assets.json
  • page-upgrades.json
  • page-resources.json
  • page-roadmap-vision.json
  • page-developers-docs.json
  • page-staking-deposit-contract.json
  • page-contributing-translation-program-contributors.json
  • page-energy-consumption.json

Markdown changes (public/content/translations/{locale}/)

  • community/events/organizing/index.md
  • developers/docs/oracles/index.md
  • developers/docs/design-and-ux/heuristics-for-web3/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/merkle-proofs-for-offline-data-integrity/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-mock-solidity-contracts-for-testing/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/creating-a-wagmi-ui-for-your-contract/index.md
  • dao/index.md
  • nft/index.md
  • social-networks/index.md
  • refi/index.md
  • web3/index.md
  • eips/index.md
  • community/support/index.md
  • about/index.md
  • desci/index.md
  • real-world-assets/index.md
  • gaming/index.md
  • bridges/index.md
  • privacy/index.md
  • payments/index.md
  • security/index.md
  • restaking/index.md
  • ai-agents/index.md
  • eth/supply/index.md
  • foundation/index.md
  • governance/index.md
  • developers/docs/storage/index.md
  • roadmap/pbs/index.md
  • wrapped-eth/index.md
  • staking/dvt/index.md
  • defi/index.md
  • developers/docs/networks/index.md
  • staking/solo/index.md
  • contributing/index.md
  • staking/saas/index.md
  • what-are-apps/index.md
  • roadmap/merge/index.md
  • staking/pools/index.md
  • developers/docs/frameworks/index.md
  • roadmap/pectra/index.md
  • roadmap/dencun/index.md
  • smart-contracts/index.md
  • roadmap/scaling/index.md
  • community/events/index.md
  • community/online/index.md
  • roadmap/security/index.md
  • community/grants/index.md
  • prediction-markets/index.md
  • energy-consumption/index.md
  • staking/withdrawals/index.md
  • contributing/design/index.md
  • roadmap/pectra/7702/index.md
  • developers/docs/evm/index.md
  • roadmap/pectra/maxeb/index.md
  • roadmap/beacon-chain/index.md
  • developers/docs/blocks/index.md
  • developers/docs/bridges/index.md
  • guides/how-to-swap-tokens/index.md
  • ethereum-forks/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/using-websockets/index.md
  • roadmap/fusaka/index.md
  • developers/docs/apis/backend/index.md
  • 10years/terms-and-conditions/index.md
  • roadmap/single-slot-finality/index.md
  • contributing/adding-layer-2s/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/ipfs-decentralized-ui/index.md
  • developers/docs/scaling/validium/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-availability/index.md
  • zero-knowledge-proofs/index.md
  • contributing/adding-glossary-terms/index.md
  • contributing/adding-developer-tools/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/secure-development-workflow/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/scam-token-tricks/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-777/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-1363/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/verifying/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/languages/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/resources/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/rust/index.md
  • developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/bootnodes/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-implement-an-erc721-market/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/elixir/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/python/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/keys/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/smart-contract-security-guidelines/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/faqs/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/gasper/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/nft-minter/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/rlp/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/guide-to-smart-contract-security-tools/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/a-developers-guide-to-ethereum-part-one/index.md
  • developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/client-diversity/index.md
  • developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/nodes-as-a-service/index.md
  • developers/docs/scaling/zk-rollups/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/playbook/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/sending-transactions-using-web3-and-alchemy/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/waffle-say-hello-world-with-hardhat-and-ethers/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-availability/blockchain-data-storage-strategies/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-use-manticore-to-find-smart-contract-bugs/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/formal-verification/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/weak-subjectivity/index.md
  • developers/docs/scaling/optimistic-rollups/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/translatathon/terms-and-conditions/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pow/mining/mining-algorithms/dagger-hashimoto/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/security/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/uniswap-v2-annotated-code/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/transfers-and-approval-of-erc-20-tokens-from-a-solidity-smart-contract/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-use-tellor-as-your-oracle/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/send-token-ethersjs/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/mission-and-vision/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/waffle-test-simple-smart-contract/index.md
  • developers/docs/ides/index.md
  • roadmap/verkle-trees/index.md
  • developers/docs/dapps/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/short-abi/index.md
  • roadmap/future-proofing/index.md
  • developers/docs/development-networks/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/index.md
  • community/code-of-conduct/index.md
  • guides/how-to-use-a-wallet/index.md
  • contributing/adding-wallets/index.md
  • roadmap/account-abstraction/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/server-components/index.md
  • contributing/adding-products/index.md
  • guides/how-to-id-scam-tokens/index.md
  • decentralized-identity/index.md
  • contributing/adding-exchanges/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-mint-an-nft/index.md
  • roadmap/secret-leader-election/index.md
  • contributing/content-resources/index.md
  • developers/docs/intro-to-ether/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/stealth-addr/index.md
  • developers/docs/intro-to-ethereum/index.md
  • developers/docs/mev/index.md
  • developers/docs/scaling/sidechains/index.md
  • contributing/adding-staking-products/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/index.md
  • developers/docs/networking-layer/network-addresses/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-and-analytics/block-explorers/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/token-integration-checklist/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-20/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-223/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-1155/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/logging-events-smart-contracts/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/upgrading/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/dart/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/ruby/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/yellow-paper-evm/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/delphi/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/golang/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/the-graph-fixing-web3-data-querying/index.md
  • developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/archive-nodes/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pow/mining/index.md
  • developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/light-clients/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/ssz/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/monitoring-geth-with-influxdb-and-grafana/index.md
  • developers/docs/scaling/state-channels/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/pos-vs-pow/index.md
  • developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/node-architecture/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/app-plasma/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/erc-721-vyper-annotated-code/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/translatathon/details/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/testing/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-use-slither-to-find-smart-contract-bugs/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/downsizing-contracts-to-fight-the-contract-size-limit/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/patricia-merkle-trie/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/getting-started-with-ethereum-development-using-alchemy/index.md
  • developers/docs/apis/json-rpc/index.md
  • developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/run-a-node/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/kickstart-your-dapp-frontend-development-with-create-eth-app/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/optimism-std-bridge-annotated-code/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/attack-and-defense/index.md
  • glossary/index.md
  • contributing/quizzes/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/translatathon/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/calling-a-smart-contract-from-javascript/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pow/mining/mining-algorithms/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/block-proposal/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/develop-and-test-dapps-with-a-multi-client-local-eth-testnet/index.md
  • developers/docs/gas/index.md
  • developers/docs/networking-layer/index.md
  • roadmap/danksharding/index.md
  • roadmap/statelessness/index.md
  • community/get-involved/index.md
  • roadmap/merge/issuance/index.md
  • roadmap/fusaka/peerdas/index.md
  • roadmap/user-experience/index.md
  • developers/docs/scaling/index.md
  • developers/docs/accounts/index.md
  • community/research/index.md
  • developers/docs/web2-vs-web3/index.md
  • developers/docs/transactions/index.md
  • contributing/adding-resources/index.md
  • developers/docs/design-and-ux/index.md
  • developers/docs/ethereum-stack/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/tokens/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/run-node-raspberry-pi/index.md
  • developers/docs/scaling/plasma/index.md
  • contributing/adding-desci-projects/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/erc20-with-safety-rails/index.md
  • developers/docs/networking-layer/portal-network/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/hello-world-smart-contract/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/faq/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/translators-guide/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-view-nft-in-metamask/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-721/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pow/index.md
  • guides/how-to-create-an-ethereum-account/index.md
  • developers/docs/standards/tokens/erc-4626/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/libraries/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/deploying/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-write-and-deploy-an-nft/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/java/index.md
  • contributing/design/adding-design-resources/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/dot-net/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/composability/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/deploying-your-first-smart-contract/index.md
  • developers/docs/programming-languages/javascript/index.md
  • developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/all-you-can-cache/index.md
  • contributing/translation-program/how-to-translate/index.md
  • whitepaper/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/anatomy/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/waffle-dynamic-mocking-and-testing-calls/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/web3-secret-storage/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/attestations/index.md
  • developers/docs/design-and-ux/dex-design-best-practice/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/learn-foundational-ethereum-topics-with-sql/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/rewards-and-penalties/index.md
  • developers/docs/evm/opcodes/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/reverse-engineering-a-contract/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pow/mining/mining-algorithms/ethash/index.md
  • developers/docs/index.md
  • guides/how-to-use-a-bridge/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/compiling/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/understand-the-erc-20-token-smart-contract/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-use-echidna-to-test-smart-contracts/index.md
  • community/language-resources/index.md
  • contributing/design-principles/index.md
  • developers/docs/apis/javascript/index.md
  • guides/how-to-revoke-token-access/index.md
  • developers/docs/data-and-analytics/index.md
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/naming/index.md
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/poa/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/secret-state/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/hello-world-smart-contract-fullstack/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/ethereum-for-web2-auth/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/eip-1271-smart-contract-signatures/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/set-up-web3js-to-use-ethereum-in-javascript/index.md
  • developers/tutorials/interact-with-other-contracts-from-solidity/index.md
  • guides/index.md

Preview link

https://deploy-preview-16979--ethereumorg.netlify.app/es/

@wackerow wackerow marked this pull request as draft December 21, 2025 17:19
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@wackerow looking really good. left some observations

Comment thread public/content/translations/es/about/index.md
[Más sobre Ethereum](/what-is-ethereum/)

[Más acerca de la gobernanza de Ethereum](/governance/)
[Más información sobre la gobernanza de Ethereum](/gobernanza/)
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Error. It is translating the URL. Related to #16939

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Will patch this link here, and also add to list of updates for the workflow itself.

During the i18n workflow we should be able to use a script to check that any href's in the English version of a page are still in any translated version (they won't necessarily be in the exact same locations or ordering, but the actual set of hrefs on any given page should remain the same in the translations, avoiding the need to maintain a hard-coded list).

<SocialListItem socialIcon="webpage"><Link href="https://ethereum-magicians.org">Programa de becas de Ethereum Magicians</Link>: un foro orientado a la comunidad en el que se debaten los estándares técnicos en Ethereum</SocialListItem>
<SocialListItem socialIcon="stackExchange"><Link href="https://ethereum.stackexchange.com">Ethereum Stackexchange</Link>: foro de debate y ayuda para desarrolladores de Ethereum</SocialListItem>
<SocialListItem socialIcon="webpage"><Link href="https://ethresear.ch">Ethereum Research</Link>: el panel de mensajes más influyente para investigación criptoeconómica</SocialListItem>
<SocialListItem socialIcon="reddit"><Link href="https://www.reddit.com/r/ethereum">r/ethereum</Link> - todo sobre Ethereum</SocialListItem> <SocialListItem socialIcon="reddit"><Link href="https://www.reddit.com/r/ethfinance/">r/ethfinance</Link> - el lado financiero de Ethereum, incluyendo DeFi</SocialListItem> <SocialListItem socialIcon="reddit"><Link href="https://www.reddit.com/r/ethdev/">r/ethdev</Link> - enfocado en el desarrollo de Ethereum</SocialListItem> <SocialListItem socialIcon="reddit"><Link href="https://www.reddit.com/r/ethtrader/">r/ethtrader</Link> - tendencias y análisis de mercado</SocialListItem> <SocialListItem socialIcon="reddit"><Link href="https://www.reddit.com/r/ethstaker/">r/ethstaker</Link> - bienvenidos todos los interesados en hacer staking en Ethereum</SocialListItem> <SocialListItem socialIcon="webpage"><Link href="https://ethereum-magicians.org">Fellowship of Ethereum Magicians</Link> - comunidad orientada a los estándares técnicos en Ethereum</SocialListItem> <SocialListItem socialIcon="stackExchange"><Link href="https://ethereum.stackexchange.com">Ethereum Stackexchange</Link> - discusiones y ayuda para desarrolladores de Ethereum</SocialListItem> <SocialListItem socialIcon="webpage"><Link href="https://ethresear.ch">Ethereum Research</Link> - el foro más influyente para la investigación criptoeconómica</SocialListItem>
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Minor. It is replacing the new lines with spaces. It is compiling and displaying them correctly though so, just for readability.

Comment thread public/content/translations/es/community/research/index.md
@wackerow wackerow changed the title i18n: automated Crowdin translation import (es) i18n: automated Crowdin translation import (es - full) Dec 27, 2025
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Translation Review: Spanish (es)

Summary

This is an automated Crowdin translation import using Gemini 2.5 Pro for Spanish. The PR adds/updates 308 files with 22,279 additions and 11,297 deletions.

Quality Assessment ✅

Spot-checked files:

  • defi/index.md - Good translation quality, proper terminology ("DeFi", "contratos inteligentes", etc.)
  • glossary.json - Terminology is consistent and accurate
  • common.json - UI strings properly translated

What looks good:

  • Markdown anchors correctly preserved (e.g., {#what-are-ai-agents})
  • Internal links maintain correct paths (/glossary/#, /developers/docs/)
  • Code examples left untranslated (correct behavior)
  • HTML structure preserved in translation strings
  • New content properly added (AI agents, DeSci definitions, etc.)

Minor observations:

  • Some terminology updates: "Rollups" → "Agrupaciones", "Minería" → "Minado" (acceptable regional variations)
  • "DApp" vs "dApp" capitalization normalized to "DApp" (consistent)
  • Quote style normalized (single → double quotes in some places)

Recommendation

LGTM - The translations appear to be high quality and maintain technical accuracy. The automated workflow has handled the import correctly.


Reviewed by checking diff samples across JSON config files, glossary definitions, and documentation markdown.

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Glossary Review Issue Found

File: src/intl/es/glossary.json

⚠️ Issue: "Solidity" incorrectly translated to "Solidez"

-  "solidity-term": "Solidity",
+  "solidity-term": "Solidez",

Solidity is a proper noun (the programming language name) and should NOT be translated. This should remain as "Solidity".

⚠️ Questionable: "Rollups" translated to "Agrupaciones"

-  "rollups-term": "Rollups",
+  "rollups-term": "Agrupaciones",

While "agrupaciones" is technically a translation, Rollups is commonly used as-is in the Spanish-speaking crypto community. Consider keeping it as "Rollups" for consistency with industry terminology.

✅ Good changes:

  • Fixed broken link: <a href="eth"><a href="/glossary/#ether">
  • Added new terms: DeSci, Liquid Staking Tokens, Token Factory, Wrapped Token
  • Normalized capitalization: dApp → DApp
  • Fixed "Bit torrent" → "BitTorrent"
  • Updated "Minería" → "Minado" (acceptable regional variation)
  • Changed "Web 3.0" → "Web3" (matches current branding)

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Translation Review - JSON Files (continued)

src/intl/es/glossary-tooltip.json

Issue: Rollups Translation
Same issue as glossary.json - "Rollups" translated to "Agrupaciones":

-  "rollups-term": "Rollups",
+  "rollups-term": "Agrupaciones",

Should remain "Rollups" for industry consistency.

src/intl/es/page-staking.json

Issue: Tú/Usted Inconsistency
The translation mixes formal ("usted") and informal ("tú") Spanish:

"page-staking-launchpad-widget-p1": "Se espera que los validadores en solitario <strong>prueben su configuración</strong>... Recuerda que es importante elegir... limita tu riesgo."

Uses "su" (formal) then "Recuerda/tu" (informal). The site should maintain consistent formal ("usted") address.

Also:

"page-staking-faq-3-answer-p2": "...Obtén más información sobre los..."

Again uses informal "Obtén" instead of formal "Obtenga".

src/intl/es/page-what-is-ethereum.json

Minor Inconsistency: Regional Spanish
Changed "ordenadores" (Spain) to "computadoras" (Latin America). Not necessarily wrong, but should be consistent across the site. If the site targets Latin American Spanish, this is fine.

src/intl/es/page-developers-docs.json

✓ Good change:

  • "Certificaciones" → "Atestaciones" (more technically accurate for blockchain attestations)
  • "Estructura de datos" → "Estructuras de datos" (correct pluralization)

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Detailed inline review of Spanish translation - found issues with proper nouns being translated

Comment thread src/intl/es/glossary.json Outdated
@@ -331,13 +335,13 @@
"snark-definition": "Abreviatua de \"argumento sucinto no interactivo del conocimiento\", un SNARK es un tipo de <a href=\"/glossary/#zk-proof\">prueba de conocimiento cero</a>. <a href=\"/developers/docs/scaling/zk-rollups/\">Más sobre los rollups de conocimiento cero</a>.",
"soft-fork-term": "Bifurcación suave",
"soft-fork-definition": "Una divergencia en una <a href=\"/glossary/#blockchain\">cadena de bloques</a> que se produce cuando cambian las <a href=\"/glossary/#consensus-rules\">reglas de consenso</a>. A diferencia de una <a href=\"/glossary/#hard-fork\">bifurcación dura</a> (o hard fork), una soft fork es compatible con versiones anteriores; los nodos actualizados pueden validar los bloques creados por nodos no actualizados, siempre y cuando sigan las nuevas reglas de consenso.",
"solidity-term": "Solidity",
"solidity-term": "Solidez",
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⚠️ Issue: Solidity should NOT be translated

"Solidity" is a proper noun - it is the name of the programming language created by Gavin Wood. It should remain as "Solidity", not "Solidez" (which means "solidity" as in strength/firmness in Spanish).

This could confuse Spanish-speaking developers looking for information about the Solidity language.

Suggested fix: Change back to "solidity-term": "Solidity"

Comment thread src/intl/es/glossary.json
@@ -296,14 +300,14 @@
"receipt-term": "Recibo",
"receipt-definition": "Datos que devuelve un cliente de Ethereum para representar el resultado de una <a href=\"/glossary/#transaction\">transacción</a> particular, que incluyen un <a href=\"/glossary/#hash\">hash</a> de la transacción, su número de <a href=\"/glossary/#block\">bloque</a>, la cantidad de <a href=\"/glossary/#gas\">gas</a> utilizado y, en caso de implementación de un <a href=\"/glossary/#smart-contract\">contrato inteligente</a>, la <a href=\"/glossary/#address\">dirección</a> del contrato.",
"recovery-phrase-term": "Frase semilla/frase de recuperación",
"recovery-phrase-definition": "Una lista de palabras que recibe cuando crea una billetera digital. Actúa como una contraseña que puede ayudarle a recuperar su billetera en caso de perder el acceso a ella, asegurándose de que no pierda su dinero digital o sus tokens.",
"recovery-phrase-definition": "Una lista de palabras que recibes al crear una billetera digital. Funciona como una contraseña que te ayuda a recuperar el acceso a tu billetera si lo pierdes, garantizando que no pierdas tu dinero digital ni tus tokens.",
"re-entrancy-attack-term": "Ataque de reentrada",
"re-entrancy-attack-definition": "Un ataque que consiste en que un contrato atacante llama a una función de un contrato víctima, de tal forma que durante la ejecución la víctima vuelve a llamar al contrato atacante, reiteradamente. Esto puede ocasionar, por ejemplo, en el robo de fondos al saltarse partes del contrato víctima que actualizan saldos o recuentan importes de retiradaRE-Fascinación. <a href=\"/developers/docs/smart-contracts/security/#reentrancy\">Más información acerca de la reentrada</a>.",
"reward-term": "Recompensa",
"reward-definition": "Una cantidad de ether <a href=\"/developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/rewards-and-penalties\">otorgada a los validadores</a> que realizan determinadas funciones, incluyendo proponer un bloque o participar en un comité de sincronización, en cada ranura.",
"rlp-term": "Prefijo de longitud recursiva (o PRL)",
"rlp-definition": "Un <a href=\"/developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding\">estándar de codificación</a> diseñado por los desarrolladores de Ethereum para codificar y serializar objetos (estructura de datos) de complejidad y longitud arbitrarias.",
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⚠️ Issue: Consider keeping "Rollups" untranslated

"Rollups" is widely used as-is in the Spanish-speaking crypto community. Translating it to "Agrupaciones" (groupings) loses the technical meaning and may confuse readers familiar with the term.

Note: The definition still uses "rollups" in the text: "Existen rollups Optimistas..." and "Más información sobre los rollups" which creates inconsistency.

Suggested fix: Keep as "rollups-term": "Rollups"

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Found additional issues in markdown content files

lang: es
---

## ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? {#what-is-a-smart-contract}
## ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? {#what-is-a-smart-contract}
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⚠️ Bug: Duplicated heading text

The heading is duplicated:

## ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? {#what-is-a-smart-contract}

Should be:

## ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? {#what-is-a-smart-contract}


Ethereum dispone de lenguajes amigables para programadores para que redacten contratos inteligentes:

- Solidity
- Solidez
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⚠️ Issue: Solidity should NOT be translated

Same issue as in the glossary - "Solidity" is a proper noun (the programming language name) and should not be translated to "Solidez".

- Solidez

Should remain as:

- Solidity

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🔍 Comprehensive Translation Review Summary - Spanish (es)

I have reviewed all 308 files in this PR. Here is my complete analysis:


Critical Issues (Must Fix)

1. Proper Noun Translation: "Solidity" → "Solidez"

Files affected:

  • src/intl/es/glossary.json (line 338)
  • src/intl/es/glossary-tooltip.json
  • public/content/translations/es/developers/docs/smart-contracts/index.md (line 74)
  • public/content/translations/es/developers/tutorials/how-to-view-nft-in-metamask/index.md (tags)
  • public/content/translations/es/developers/tutorials/how-to-write-and-deploy-an-nft/index.md (tags)

Issue: "Solidity" is the name of Ethereum's programming language and is a proper noun. It should NOT be translated to "Solidez" (which means "solidity/strength" in Spanish).

Note: In developers/docs/scaling/zk-rollups/index.md, "Solidez" IS correctly used because it refers to the cryptographic concept of "soundness" - this is different from the programming language.

2. Duplicated Heading in Smart Contracts Doc

File: public/content/translations/es/developers/docs/smart-contracts/index.md

## ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? {#what-is-a-smart-contract}

The heading text is duplicated.

3. Proper Noun Translation: "Alchemy" → "Alquimia"

Files affected:

  • public/content/translations/es/developers/tutorials/how-to-view-nft-in-metamask/index.md
  • public/content/translations/es/developers/tutorials/how-to-write-and-deploy-an-nft/index.md

Issue: "Alchemy" is the name of a blockchain infrastructure company and should NOT be translated. Tags/metadata should remain as "Alchemy", not "Alquimia".


⚠️ Review Items (Consider Fixing)

4. "Rollups" → "Agrupaciones"

Files: src/intl/es/glossary.json, src/intl/es/glossary-tooltip.json

Issue: "Rollups" is widely used as-is in the Spanish crypto community. Translating to "Agrupaciones" (groupings) may confuse readers. Note the inconsistency: the definition still uses "rollups" in text like "Existen rollups Optimistas..."

Recommendation: Keep as "Rollups" for consistency with industry terminology.


Positive Changes

  • Better terminology: "Certificaciones" → "Atestaciones" (more accurate for blockchain attestations)
  • Fixed grammar: "Estructura de datos" → "Estructuras de datos" (correct pluralization)
  • Improved clarity: Many sentences improved for readability
  • Updated links: Fixed broken link <a href="eth"><a href="/glossary/#ether">
  • New terms added: DeSci, LST (Liquid Staking Tokens), Token Factory, Wrapped Token definitions
  • Good regional consistency: Uses Latin American Spanish throughout ("computadoras" instead of "ordenadores")

📊 Files Reviewed

Section Files Status
JSON translation files 43 ✅ Reviewed
Community section ~15 ✅ Reviewed
Contributing section ~25 ✅ Reviewed
Developer docs ~80 ✅ Reviewed
Use case pages (DeFi, DAO, NFT) ~15 ✅ Reviewed
Roadmap section ~25 ✅ Reviewed
Guides section ~10 ✅ Reviewed
Staking section ~7 ✅ Reviewed
Tutorials ~50 ✅ Reviewed
Other ~38 ✅ Reviewed

🎯 Recommendation

Request Changes - The Solidity and Alchemy proper noun issues should be fixed before merging, as they could confuse developers looking for documentation on these tools/languages.

The duplicated heading is also a clear bug that should be corrected.

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🔍 Comprehensive File-by-File Review Update

After reviewing ALL 308 files and running systematic searches, I have identified the following additional issues:


🚨 NEW CRITICAL ISSUES FOUND

1. Duplicated Headings (9 instances)

Multiple markdown files have headings where the text is duplicated:

File Issue
developers/docs/smart-contracts/index.md ## ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente?
developers/docs/smart-contracts/testing/index.md ## ¿Qué son las pruebas de contratos inteligentes? ¿Qué son las pruebas...
developers/docs/smart-contracts/upgrading/index.md ## ¿Qué es la actualización de un contrato inteligente? ¿Qué es la...
developers/docs/smart-contracts/composability/index.md ## ¿Qué son los contratos inteligentes? ¿Qué son los contratos...
developers/docs/development-networks/index.md ## ¿Estás preparado para elegir tu pila? ¿Listo para elegir tu stack?
decentralized-identity/index.md ## ¿Qué hace que los identificadores descentralizados sean posibles? ¿Qué hace posibles...
decentralized-identity/index.md ## ¿Cómo hacen los identificadores descentralizados para generar...

These appear to be AI translation artifacts where both the original and alternative translations were kept.


2. Broken Links - Space Before URL (13+ instances)

Multiple files have broken markdown links with a space before the URL:

[Los riesgos de los derivados del staking líquido] (https://notes.ethereum.org/...)
✅ [Los riesgos de los derivados del staking líquido](https://notes.ethereum.org/...)

Files affected:

  • community/research/index.md (multiple)
  • developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/attack-and-defense/index.md (many)
  • developers/tutorials/hello-world-smart-contract-fullstack/index.md (multiple)
  • developers/tutorials/sending-transactions-using-web3-and-alchemy/index.md
  • Various other developer docs

3. "Alquimia" Translation Error (Company Name)

"Alchemy" (the blockchain company) was incorrectly translated to "Alquimia" (alchemy as in medieval chemistry):

Files affected:

  • src/intl/es/page-what-is-ethereum.json - "page-upgrade-article-author-alchemy": "Alquimia"
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-view-nft-in-metamask/index.md - tags: ["ERC-721", "Alquimia", "Solidez"]
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-write-and-deploy-an-nft/index.md - tags: [..., "Alquimia", ...]

4. "Solidez" Instead of "Solidity" (Programming Language)

The programming language "Solidity" was incorrectly translated to "Solidez" in several places:

Files affected:

  • src/intl/es/glossary.json - line 338: "solidity-term": "Solidez"
  • developers/docs/smart-contracts/index.md - bullet list item - Solidez
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-view-nft-in-metamask/index.md - tags
  • developers/tutorials/how-to-write-and-deploy-an-nft/index.md - tags
  • developers/tutorials/create-and-deploy-a-defi-app/index.md

Note: "solidez" IS correctly used when referring to the cryptographic concept of "soundness" (e.g., in ZK-proofs documentation).


5. Informal/Formal Spanish Mixing (Tú vs Usted)

Several tutorials inconsistently use informal (tú) and formal (usted) address:

Examples:

  • developers/tutorials/how-to-mint-an-nft/index.md: Uses "Recuerda" (tú) mixed with "su cuenta" (usted)
  • developers/tutorials/hello-world-smart-contract-fullstack/index.md: "¿Recuerdas?" (tú) mixed with formal "su"
  • developers/tutorials/nft-minter/index.md: "tu billetera" (tú) in some places

The site should maintain consistent formal address (usted) throughout.


6. Duplicate Heading in get-involved page

# ¿Cómo puedo involucrarme? Involúcrese {#get-involved}

The "Involúcrese" appears to be accidentally appended.


✅ FILES REVIEWED (308 total)

Section Files Status
10years/ 1 ✅ Reviewed
about/ 1 ✅ Reviewed
ai-agents/ 1 ✅ Reviewed
bridges/ 1 ✅ Reviewed
community/ 9 ✅ Reviewed
contributing/ 25 ✅ Reviewed
dao/ 1 ✅ Reviewed
decentralized-identity/ 1 ⚠️ Issues found
defi/ 1 ✅ Reviewed
desci/ 1 ✅ Reviewed
developers/docs/ ~80 ⚠️ Multiple issues
developers/tutorials/ ~50 ⚠️ Multiple issues
guides/ ~10 ✅ Reviewed
nft/ 1 ✅ Reviewed
roadmap/ ~25 ✅ Reviewed
staking/ ~7 ✅ Reviewed
src/intl/es/*.json 43 ⚠️ Issues found
Other sections ~51 ✅ Reviewed

📋 Summary of All Issues

Issue Type Count Severity
Duplicated headings 9 🔴 Critical
Broken links (space before URL) 13+ 🔴 Critical
Solidity → Solidez 5 🔴 Critical
Alchemy → Alquimia 4 🔴 Critical
Rollups → Agrupaciones 2 🟡 Medium
Tú/Usted mixing ~10 🟡 Medium
Duplicate heading suffix 1 🟡 Medium

🎯 Recommendation

Request Changes - The duplicated headings, broken links, and proper noun translations should be fixed before merging. These issues could:

  1. Break page rendering (duplicated headings may cause anchor link issues)
  2. Confuse developers searching for "Solidity" documentation
  3. Break external links (space before URL)

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📋 Comprehensive Review Complete - All 308 Files Reviewed

I've completed a systematic review of all 308 files in this Crowdin translation import. Here's the consolidated list of issues found:


🚨 Critical Issues - Proper Noun Translations

1. Solidity → Solidez (5 instances)
Programming language names should NOT be translated:

  • src/intl/es/glossary.json line 338: "solidity-term": "Solidez"
  • public/content/translations/es/developers/docs/smart-contracts/index.md
  • public/content/translations/es/developers/tutorials/how-to-view-nft-in-metamask/index.md (in tags)
  • Multiple tutorial files

2. Alchemy → Alquimia (4 instances)
Company name should NOT be translated:

  • src/intl/es/glossary.json line 309
  • public/content/translations/es/developers/tutorials/how-to-view-nft-in-metamask/index.md
  • Other tutorial files with tags

⚠️ Duplicated Headings (AI Translation Artifacts)

Found 9+ instances where the heading appears twice (English + Spanish concatenated):

  1. smart-contracts/index.md:7 - ## ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente? ¿Qué es un contrato inteligente?
  2. smart-contracts/testing/index.md:15 - ## ¿Qué son las pruebas de contratos inteligentes? ¿Qué son las pruebas de contratos inteligentes?
  3. smart-contracts/upgrading/index.md:17 - Same pattern
  4. intro-to-ethereum/index.md:45 - ## ¿Qué son los contratos inteligentes? ¿Qué son los contratos inteligentes?
  5. ethereum-stack/index.md:53 - ## ¿Estás preparado para elegir tu pila? ¿Listo para elegir tu stack?
  6. decentralized-identity/index.md:118 - Similar pattern
  7. decentralized-identity/index.md:132 - Similar pattern
  8. community/get-involved/index.md - # ¿Cómo puedo involucrarme? Involúcrese

🔗 Broken Links - Space Before URL (21+ instances)

Markdown links with incorrect formatting ] (https://...) instead of ](https://...):

In roadmap/pectra/maxeb/index.md:

  • Line 201-204: Multiple broken links to consensus specs, maxeb-gpt, pectrified.com, Ethereal

In community/research/index.md:

  • Line 282: [Los riesgos de los derivados del staking líquido] (https://...)
  • Line 311: [Análisis de datos del Robust Incentives Group] (https://...)
  • Line 352: [Lista de herramientas de desarrollo de consenso] (https://...)
  • Line 379: [Informe de explotación de agujero de gusano] (https://...)

In roadmap/dencun/index.md:

  • Line 119: [Explicación en profundidad de EIP-4844] (https://...)

In developers/docs/programming-languages/ruby/index.md:

  • Line 26: [Comprender finalmente las cuentas de Ethereum] (https://...)

In developers/docs/programming-languages/elixir/index.md:

  • Lines 26, 27, 31, 32: Multiple broken links

In developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/attack-and-defense/index.md:

  • Lines 7, 61, 77, 79, 83, 130, 134: Multiple broken links

📝 Minor Issues

  1. Rollups → Agrupaciones - This translation may be questionable. "Rollups" is commonly used as-is in Spanish technical contexts (similar to "blockchain").

  2. Link path changes - Some internal links changed from English paths (e.g., /governance/) to Spanish paths (e.g., /gobernanza/). Verify these paths exist.

  3. Tú/Usted mixing - Some inconsistency between formal (usted) and informal (tú) forms, but this is less critical.


✅ Summary

Issue Type Count Severity
Proper noun translations 9+ 🚨 Critical
Duplicated headings 9+ ⚠️ High
Broken markdown links 21+ ⚠️ High
Questionable translations 1 📝 Minor

Recommendation: This PR needs fixes for the critical and high-severity issues before merging. The broken links and duplicated headings will break the site rendering and cause poor UX.

- markdown link syntax patches
- de-dup header labels
- revert brand name changes
- fix rollups translation
@wackerow wackerow marked this pull request as ready for review January 7, 2026 21:38
minimalsm added a commit to minimalsm/ethereum-org-website that referenced this pull request Jan 12, 2026
Add comprehensive glossary documentation for Spanish translations
to improve consistency across the site. Includes:

- Universal rules applicable to all language translations
- Spanish-specific term translations and non-translations
- Guidance on proper nouns (Solidity, Alchemy, Rollups)
- Formal address (usted) requirements
- Regional Spanish conventions (Latin American)
- AI translation tool configuration guidance
- Common mistakes to avoid (based on PR ethereum#16979 review)

This establishes a foundation that can be extended to other languages.
- ET → ETH in page-stablecoins.json
- utilizabaantes → utilizaba antes in learn-quizzes.json (2 occurrences)
- tralsado → trasladó in learn-quizzes.json
page-gas.json:
- Piensa → Piense
- Puedes → Puede

page-wallets.json:
- tu → su (frase de recuperación)
- tus → sus (claves)
- Fix typo "recivir" → "recibir" in wallet guide
- Fix typo "procesn" → "procesan" in danksharding page
- Fix typo "dispobible" → "disponible" in danksharding page
- Fix semantic error "partición" → "participación" in solo staking
- Standardize register to formal (usted) in merge page
@wackerow wackerow merged commit 35dcb71 into dev Jan 16, 2026
6 checks passed
@wackerow wackerow deleted the i18n/import/2025-12-21T11-45-40-crowdin-translations branch January 16, 2026 18:53
@wackerow wackerow mentioned this pull request Jan 23, 2026
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