Upgrade to Bazel 5.0 in Provisioned

[jwnimmer-tri]

https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/releases/tag/5.0.0

[jwnimmer-tri]

I have been running 5.0 locally since it was released, and I haven't seen any problems. Our macOS unprovisioned is also running it without any problems.

FYI see #16405 for a fix (that's already landed) that is required for 5.0. Users of older Drake releases that still want to use Bazel 5.0 should set build --notrim_test_configuration in the drake/user.bazelrc file to work around the problem.

[jwnimmer-tri]

@BetsyMcPhail could you take this on (or delegate it), as part of this week's "monthly dependency upgrades" work?

(For myself, I will check that Anzu is also happy with Bazel 5.)

[BetsyMcPhail]

@BetsyMcPhail could you take this on (or delegate it), as part of this week's "monthly dependency upgrades" work?

Sounds good

[BetsyMcPhail]

@jwnimmer-tri, to make sure we're on the same page, this issue is similar to #15711? Upgrade the requirement within drake and then, eventually if all looks good, the provisioned images?

[jwnimmer-tri]

Yes, perfect!

To be clear -- in this case, though, I think we will not need to update the minimum required version. We have no evidence that bazel 4.0 is incompatible with current Drake. If you'd like to locally install 4.0 and try a Release build to confirm or refute, that's fine too, but is not especially important.

[BetsyMcPhail]

Linux images have been updated.

[BetsyMcPhail]

Mac images are also updated

[BetsyMcPhail]

And PR for unprovisioned images is merged. All set to close.