Lightning threat indexes

[SamuelTrahanNOAA]

Description

Calculates the lightning threat index product from HRRR, inside CCPP and sends it to UPP for output.

The algorithm was originally ported from HRRR to the GFDL_atmos_cubed_sphere NGGPS diagnostics, using the w variable in both implementations. I've moved it to CCPP's maximum hourly diagnostics, but it still needs w in the formulation, so I've added the dynamical core's w variable as wgrs to match the u & v winds which are ugrs and vgrs.

Issue(s) addressed

ufs-community/ufs-weather-model#1632
NOAA-EMC/UPP#672

Testing

How were these changes tested?

A 3km test case from a time that had some lightning was run and compared to the HRRR output. Developers of the scheme found the results to be comparable. There'll be more extensive testing after this is merged and running in parallels.

What compilers / HPCs was it tested with?

Hera intel.

Are the changes covered by regression tests? (If not, why? Do new tests need to be added?)

No, because there are no 3km test cases in ufs-weather-model for the RRFS, and the 13km are unable to produce lightning. If someone has an idea for how to fix this, please comment here.

Have the ufs-weather-model regression test been run? On what platform?

Yes, hera.intel, but I'll run again soon after updating to the top of develop.

• Will the code updates change regression test baseline? If yes, why? Please show the baseline directory below.

Many regression test results may change due to updating to the latest UPP and adding fields to regional output.

• Please commit the regression test log files in your ufs-weather-model branch

As you wish.

Dependencies

If testing this branch requires non-default branches in other repositories, list them.
Those branches should have matching names (ideally)

Do PRs in upstream repositories need to be merged first?
If so add the "waiting for other repos" label and list the upstream PRs

• waiting on Lightning Threat Indexes: pass w to model NOAA-GFDL/GFDL_atmos_cubed_sphere#243

• waiting on Lightning threat indexes ufs-community/ccpp-physics#42

• waiting on https://github.com/ufs-community/ufs-weather-model/issues/1632 UPP#643

• waiting on bug fixes needed for running with libIFI UPP#646

• waiting on CALSLR_ROEBBER: Instead of calling BOUND incorrectly, use min and max UPP#673

[WenMeng-NOAA]

The changes for the in-line post part look good to me.

[grantfirl]

@jkbk2004 @SamuelTrahanNOAA ufs-community/ccpp-physics#42 is merged. Looks like NOAA-GFDL/GFDL_atmos_cubed_sphere#243 needs to be merged next.

[jkbk2004]

@SamuelTrahanNOAA cubed-sphere pr was merged.

[SamuelTrahanNOAA]

The .gitmodules, ccpp/physics, and atmos_cubed_sphere now point to the authoritative branches.

[jkbk2004]

@SamuelTrahanNOAA correct cubed-sphere hash is NOAA-GFDL/GFDL_atmos_cubed_sphere@a4450fb can you revert the change in .gitmodules as well?

[SamuelTrahanNOAA]

Sorry, that was the wrong PR. I just updated this one. It should be right, now.