Verify font can be rendered successfully at runtime

[BrettDong]

Summary

Infrastructure "Verify font can be rendered successfully at runtime"

Purpose of change

• Fix 0.F and HEAD fonts are invisible on MacOS #50149
• Fix Recent update blacks out the UI and makes every single option impossible to read #52046

Describe the solution

This is probably a more proper fix to tackle the font related "black screen" issue (#50149, #52046). Check whether the glyph can really be rendered successfully at runtime, and fallback to GNU Unifont if the glyph can not be rendered in the preferred font.

Describe alternatives you've considered

Hardcode a blacklist to not load Terminus.TTF

Testing

1. Set font to Terminus.TTF and launch game:

{
  "typeface": [ "data/font/Terminus.ttf", "data/font/unifont.ttf" ],
  "map_typeface": [ "data/font/Terminus.ttf", "data/font/unifont.ttf" ],
  "overmap_typeface": [ "data/font/Terminus.ttf", "data/font/unifont.ttf" ]
}

Automatically falls back to GNU Unifont:

2. Set font to VecTerminus.OTF and launch game:

{
  "typeface": [ "data/font/VecTerminus12Medium.otf", "data/font/unifont.ttf" ],
  "map_typeface": [ "data/font/VecTerminus12Medium.otf", "data/font/unifont.ttf" ],
  "overmap_typeface": [ "data/font/VecTerminus12Medium.otf", "data/font/unifont.ttf" ]
}

VecTerminus OTF font is used:

Additional context

[ZhilkinSerg]

There is an issue with rendering of bitmap fonts in Freetype 2.11.0 (see https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/freetype/freetype/-/issues/1076).

Freetype port in vcpkg repo (see https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg/tree/master/ports/freetype) was recently updated to 2.11.0 (see microsoft/vcpkg#19284), so anyone using latest vcpkg revision must use git revert dd6fd59ff22c6d924b637b7352751b5c244228d6 unless port is upgraded to whatever is coming after Freetype 2.11.0.

Note that it is not affecting our CI as we are using specific vcpkg version (see

Cataclysm-DDA/.github/workflows/release.yml

Line 160 in 8256058

vcpkgGitCommitId: '49b67d9cb856424ff69f10e7721aec5299624268'

) which has Freetype 2.10.4.

[kevingranade]

This pull request has been mentioned on Cataclysm: Dark Days Ahead. There might be relevant details there:

https://discourse.cataclysmdda.org/t/no-text-is-showing-on-menu-screen/27316/2