bug: Avoid panic in Backtrace::catpure if query_stack is already mutably borrowed

[MichaReiser]

This PR fixes a panic in Backtrace::catpure if local_state.query_stack is already mutably borrowed by
returning None.

This was possible because some of our cycle queries used with_query_stack when panicking to include the query stack
and with_query_stack always aquired a mutable borrow. I split with_query_stack into a reference, mutable reference, and try variant
which should avoid this from triggering in most places

[netlify]

✅ Deploy Preview for salsa-rs canceled.

Name	Link
🔨 Latest commit	c46f2e7
🔍 Latest deploy log	https://app.netlify.com/sites/salsa-rs/deploys/6812035f0e6f070008546ed9

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #835 will not alter performance

_{Comparing MichaReiser:avoid-panic-in-backtrace-capture (c46f2e7) with master (5b5e982)}

Summary

✅ 12 untouched benchmarks

[Veykril]

That does make this less useful for panic handlers (noticed r-a always aborts now when we panic thanks to the double panic haha)