Show default value for arg in help message

include/argparse/argparse.hpp

@@ -53,26 +53,71 @@ namespace argparse {
 
 namespace details { // namespace for helper methods
 
-template <typename... Ts> struct is_container_helper {};
-
-template <typename T, typename _ = void>
+template <typename T, typename = void>
 struct is_container : std::false_type {};
 
 template <> struct is_container<std::string> : std::false_type {};
 
 template <typename T>
-struct is_container<
-    T,
-    std::conditional_t<false,
-                       is_container_helper<typename T::value_type,
-                                           decltype(std::declval<T>().begin()),
-                                           decltype(std::declval<T>().end()),
-                                           decltype(std::declval<T>().size())>,
-                       void>> : std::true_type {};
+struct is_container<T, std::void_t<typename T::value_type,
+                                   decltype(std::declval<T>().begin()),
+                                   decltype(std::declval<T>().end()),
+                                   decltype(std::declval<T>().size())>>
+  : std::true_type {};
 
 template <typename T>
 static constexpr bool is_container_v = is_container<T>::value;
 
+template <typename T, typename = void>
+struct is_streamable : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct is_streamable<
+    T, std::void_t<decltype(std::declval<std::ostream&>() << std::declval<T>())>>
+  : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+static constexpr bool is_streamable_v = is_streamable<T>::value;
+
+template <typename T>
+static constexpr bool is_representable_v =
+    is_streamable_v<T> || is_container_v<T>;
+
+constexpr size_t repr_max_container_size = 5;
+
+template <typename T> std::string repr(T const &val) {
+  if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, bool>) {
+    return val ? "true" : "false";
+  } else if constexpr (std::is_convertible_v<T, std::string_view>) {
+    return '"' + std::string{std::string_view{val}} + '"';
+  } else if constexpr (is_container_v<T>) {
+    std::stringstream out;
+    out << "{";
+    const auto size = val.size();
+    if (size > 1) {
+      out << repr(*val.begin());
+      std::for_each(
+          std::next(val.begin()),
+          std::next(val.begin(), std::min(size, repr_max_container_size) - 1),
+          [&out](const auto &v) { out << " " << repr(v); });
+      if (size <= repr_max_container_size)
+        out << " ";
+      else
+        out << "...";
+    }
+    if (size > 0)
+      out << repr(*std::prev(val.end()));
+    out << "}";
+    return out.str();
+  } else if constexpr (is_streamable_v<T>) {
+    std::stringstream out;
+    out << val;
+    return out.str();
+  } else {
+    return "<not representable>";
+  }
+}
+
 namespace {
 
 template <typename T> constexpr bool standard_signed_integer = false;
@@ -90,7 +135,7 @@ template <> constexpr bool standard_unsigned_integer<unsigned long int> = true;
 template <>
 constexpr bool standard_unsigned_integer<unsigned long long int> = true;
 
-}
+} // namespace
 
 template <typename T>
 constexpr bool standard_integer =
@@ -197,7 +242,7 @@ template <> constexpr auto generic_strtod<float> = strtof;
 template <> constexpr auto generic_strtod<double> = strtod;
 template <> constexpr auto generic_strtod<long double> = strtold;
 
-}
+} // namespace
 
 template <class T> inline auto do_strtod(std::string const &s) -> T {
   if (isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(s[0])) || s[0] == '+')
@@ -294,8 +339,9 @@ class Argument {
     return *this;
   }
 
-  Argument &default_value(std::any aDefaultValue) {
-    mDefaultValue = std::move(aDefaultValue);
+  template <typename T> Argument &default_value(T &&aDefaultValue) {
+    mDefaultValueRepr = details::repr(aDefaultValue);
+    mDefaultValue = std::forward<T>(aDefaultValue);
     return *this;
   }
 
@@ -485,6 +531,11 @@ class Argument {
     stream << nameStream.str() << "\t" << argument.mHelp;
     if (argument.mIsRequired && !argument.mDefaultValue.has_value())
       stream << "[Required]";
+    if (argument.mDefaultValue.has_value()) {
+      if (!argument.mHelp.empty())
+        stream << " ";
+      stream << "[default: " << argument.mDefaultValueRepr << "]";
+    }
     stream << "\n";
     return stream;
   }
@@ -735,6 +786,7 @@ class Argument {
   std::string_view mUsedName;
   std::string mHelp;
   std::any mDefaultValue;
+  std::string mDefaultValueRepr;
   std::any mImplicitValue;
   using valued_action = std::function<std::any(const std::string &)>;
   using void_action = std::function<void(const std::string &)>;
@@ -750,11 +802,10 @@ class Argument {
 
 class ArgumentParser {
 public:
-  explicit ArgumentParser(std::string aProgramName = {}, std::string aVersion = "1.0")
+  explicit ArgumentParser(std::string aProgramName = {},
+                          std::string aVersion = "1.0")
       : mProgramName(std::move(aProgramName)), mVersion(std::move(aVersion)) {
-    add_argument("-h", "--help")
-        .help("shows help message and exits")
-        .nargs(0);
+    add_argument("-h", "--help").help("shows help message and exits").nargs(0);
     add_argument("-v", "--version")
         .help("prints version information and exits")
         .nargs(0);
@@ -850,7 +901,8 @@ class ArgumentParser {
    * @throws std::logic_error if the option has no value
    * @throws std::bad_any_cast if the option is not of type T
    */
-  template <typename T = std::string> T get(std::string_view aArgumentName) const {
+  template <typename T = std::string>
+  T get(std::string_view aArgumentName) const {
     return (*this)[aArgumentName].get<T>();
   }
 
@@ -889,7 +941,7 @@ class ArgumentParser {
       }
       stream << "\n\n";
 
-      if(!parser.mDescription.empty())
+      if (!parser.mDescription.empty())
         stream << parser.mDescription << "\n\n";
 
       if (!parser.mPositionalArguments.empty())
@@ -909,7 +961,7 @@ class ArgumentParser {
         stream << mOptionalArgument;
       }
 
-      if(!parser.mEpilog.empty())
+      if (!parser.mEpilog.empty())
         stream << parser.mEpilog << "\n\n";
     }
 
@@ -963,7 +1015,7 @@ class ArgumentParser {
           std::cout << *this;
           std::exit(0);
         }
-        // the second optional argument is --version 
+        // the second optional argument is --version
         else if (tArgument == std::next(mOptionalArguments.begin(), 1)) {
           std::cout << mVersion << "\n";
           std::exit(0);

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ file(GLOB ARGPARSE_TEST_SOURCES
     test_parent_parsers.cpp
     test_parse_args.cpp
     test_positional_arguments.cpp
+    test_repr.cpp
     test_required_arguments.cpp
     test_scan.cpp
     test_value_semantics.cpp

test/test_help.cpp

@@ -1,15 +1,25 @@
-#include <doctest.hpp>
 #include <argparse/argparse.hpp>
+#include <doctest.hpp>
 
 using doctest::test_suite;
 
 TEST_CASE("Users can format help message" * test_suite("help")) {
   argparse::ArgumentParser program("test");
-  program.add_argument("input")
-    .help("positional input");
-  program.add_argument("-c")
-    .help("optional input");
 
+  SUBCASE("Simple arguments") {
+    program.add_argument("input").help("positional input");
+    program.add_argument("-c").help("optional input");
+  }
+  SUBCASE("Default values") {
+    program.add_argument("-a").default_value(42);
+    program.add_argument("-b").default_value(4.4e-7);
+    program.add_argument("-c")
+        .default_value(std::vector<int>{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+        .nargs(5);
+    program.add_argument("-d").default_value("I am a string");
+    program.add_argument("-e").default_value(std::optional<float>{});
+    program.add_argument("-f").default_value(false);
+  }
   std::ostringstream s;
   s << program;
   REQUIRE_FALSE(s.str().empty());

test/test_repr.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#include <argparse/argparse.hpp>
+#include <doctest.hpp>
+#include <set>
+
+using doctest::test_suite;
+
+TEST_CASE("Test bool representation" * test_suite("repr")) {
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(true) == "true");
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(false) == "false");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE("Test built-in int types representation" *
+                       test_suite("repr"),
+                   T, char, short, int, long long, unsigned char, unsigned,
+                   unsigned long long) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  T v = 42;
+  ss << v;
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(v) == ss.str());
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE("Test built-in float types representation" *
+                       test_suite("repr"),
+                   T, float, double, long double) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  T v = 0.3333333333;
+  ss << v;
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(v) == ss.str());
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE("Test container representation" * test_suite("repr"), T,
+                   std::vector<int>, std::list<int>, std::set<int>) {
+  T empty;
+  T one = {42};
+  T small = {1, 2, 3};
+  T big = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15};
+
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(empty) == "{}");
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(one) == "{42}");
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(small) == "{1 2 3}");
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(big) == "{1 2 3 4...15}");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE("Test string representation" * test_suite("repr"), T,
+                   char const *, std::string, std::string_view) {
+  T empty = "";
+  T str = "A A A#";
+
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(empty) == "\"\"");
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(str) == "\"A A A#\"");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Test unknown representation" * test_suite("repr")) {
+  struct TestClass {};
+  REQUIRE(argparse::details::repr(TestClass{}) == "<not representable>");
+}