fix: cmux ssh browser loads pages and forwards localhost to the ssh host by lucasr1b · Pull Request #18956 · manaflow-ai/cmux

lucasr1b · 2026-10-10T05:46:53Z

Summary

In a cmux ssh workspace (cmux-tui transport) the browser pane didn't work at all. Public pages stayed blank and localhost:3000 never reached the ssh host's port 3000. Fixes #18249.

Image drag into the browser looked broken for the same reason: no page ever loaded to receive the drop. It works now with no drop-path changes (recording below).

Two separate causes:

Public pages hung. Managed ssh never sets the legacy remoteProxyEndpoint, so every navigation queued in BrowserPanel waiting for a proxy that never arrives. Public and private-network pages in an ssh workspace now load from this Mac. Loopback urls keep waiting until the owning ssh machine is registered, then resume on its route, so they never hit a same-port service on this Mac.
localhost never reached the host. PrivateAddressRouteSelector compared localhost to the ssh machine's 127.0.0.1 as text, so it never matched. Even 127.0.0.1 went through the cmux-tui browser CONNECT proxy, which WebKit skips for loopback hosts. Loopback spellings (localhost, ::1, 0.0.0.0) now canonicalize to 127.0.0.1 before the selector. Ssh services use the existing .loopback route: one cmux-tui remote forward ssh://<dest> --port N per port, and the browser loads the forward's local url. Retyping the remote address on a forwarded page also goes through the forward.

This is a trimmed-down version of #18675 / #18382. It keeps their core routing (credit to @austinywang and @iamcobolt, co-authors on both commits) and leaves out the listener lease, the --listen-fd rust change, the Mac-loopback content rules and the request-body preservation. Everything stays in the app target: no package or rust changes.

After the correctness review, every loopback navigation in an ssh workspace goes through one gate: typed, history, restore, heal, and in-page links, redirects and script navigations. The only loopback url allowed straight through is the pane's own forward listener. A listener url opened in another tab maps back to its service. A forward whose child dies restarts, and the pane follows the new listener. https:// on an ssh host shows a clear "not supported yet" message instead of a spinner.

Known gaps, for follow-ups:

Subresource fetches and websockets to absolute localhost urls from a forwarded page still reach this Mac. fix: harden managed SSH browser routing #18675 has content rules for that.
A released listener port could be taken by a local process before the restart. That's fix: harden managed SSH browser routing #18675's listener lease.
Names that resolve to loopback without being loopback by syntax (lvh.me) load locally.

Preview (dragging an image from finder onto a page in the ssh workspace browser: the page receives the drop)

Preview (localhost:3000 in a cmux ssh workspace shows the ssh host's server (green), not the mac's (red) on the same port)

Preview (example.com loads in the cmux ssh workspace)

Testing

python3 scripts/verify-local.py --only swift-syntax --swift-changed: passed.
python3 scripts/localization_catalog.py check: 0 parity errors.
New tests (hosted CI, not run locally per repo policy):
- BrowserPanelInitialNavigationTests: public pages load in an ssh workspace, loopback stays off this Mac, loopback spellings route to the owning ssh machine.
- SSHTuiOpenTests: the forward child reports its port and stops, a child that exits early fails instead of hanging, ready-line parsing.
The regression commit (dc2143b) doesn't compile without the fix: the routing helpers and forward process don't exist yet.
Tagged build (cmux DEV ssh-browser, bf8d65e) dogfooded with cmux ssh against a real Linux host. Port 3000 served "REMOTE" on the host and "MAC" on this Mac:
- example.com loads.
- localhost:3000 shows the host's page, via 127.0.0.1:<forward>.
- A script location.href = "http://localhost:3000/drop.html" inside the page is rerouted through the forward and still shows the host's page.
- Dragging an image from Finder onto a drop zone on the forwarded page delivers it (image/png, the right size, with a thumbnail). The drop path itself is unchanged: drag only looked broken because the page never loaded.
CI on bf8d65e compiled but failed the swift warning budget on one capture warning. That's fixed in the follow-up commit.
The address bar showed the forward listener (http://127.0.0.1:50604/) instead of the service the user opened. preferredURLStringForOmnibar() read WebKit's raw URL before the rewritten one, and the omnibar text, its edit buffer on click, reload and session history all share that read. restorableDisplayURLForCurrentErrorPage(liveURL:) now maps the live URL through the SSH display rewrite. Regression test: CloudPortRoutePlanTests.panelLiveURLReadersShowLogicalSSHService (red cc91b20, fix 1196eb9).
Tagged build pr-18956-ssh-browser-v30 (1196eb9), cmux ssh to a real macOS host running python3 -m http.server 5050. Opening the server's printed http://[::]:5050/ link shows http://localhost:5050/ in the address bar, and the page comes from the host (its server log records the request). After a reload the bar still shows http://localhost:5050/ and the host logs a second request.

Changelog

Fixed: Browser panes in cmux ssh workspaces load web pages again, and localhost URLs open the SSH host's service instead of this Mac's, with localhost:<port> kept in the address bar.

Proof

After-only screenshots above: the same port 3000 serves a red "MAC" page locally and a green "REMOTE" page on the ssh host.

Checklist

Behavior changes have added or updated tests, or Testing says why not
Localization audited: one new error string (ssh.tui.browserForward.ended), translated in all 9 locales, catalog check passes
Reviewed with a subagent before merge; findings and fixes are in the PR comments

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Note

Medium Risk
Changes core WebKit navigation and SSH port-forward lifecycle; mistakes could misroute loopback traffic or drop POST bodies on forward restart, though behavior is gated to SSH TUI workspaces with new tests.

Overview
Fixes browser panes in managed cmux ssh workspaces so public pages load from this Mac instead of waiting forever on a workspace proxy that SSH never provides, while loopback URLs (localhost, 127.0.0.1, ::1, etc.) are routed to the SSH host via per-port cmux-tui remote forward listeners rather than this Mac’s same-port services.

SSH forwarding & navigation: SSHTuiLinkManager owns loopback forward children (start/stop/restart on exit). SSH browser routes use .loopback in CmuxTuiSurfaceProvider; HTTPS on SSH hosts is blocked with a localized message. CloudBrowserAccessState now replays full **URLRequest**s (method/headers/body) when forwards restart, canonicalizes loopback identity for the address bar, and tracks retired listener ports. BrowserPanel and BrowserNavigationDelegate funnel typed/history/restore/link/redirect loopback traffic through one SSH gate; in-page redirects to an existing forward rewrite to the live listener with the correct Host header.

Related fixes: Cloud workspace creation focus respects admission revision so a delayed provider doesn’t steal focus; fresh SSH opens can skip an initial graph refresh; mirror detach no longer auto-spawns a duplicate terminal; new localized strings for forward failure and HTTPS unsupported.

Tests cover SSH routing, forward process lifecycle, request replay, and display URL behavior.

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Summary by cubic

Fixes browser panes in managed cmux ssh workspaces: public pages load from this Mac, while loopback URLs reach services on the SSH host through per-port cmux-tui remote forward listeners.

Loopback aliases (localhost, ::1, 0.0.0.0, 127.0.0.1) canonicalize to a stable localhost:<port> identity and route typed URLs, history, restores, links, redirects, and scripts through one SSH gate; a restarting forward keeps the page loaded through the new listener, preserves the request's method, headers, and body, and keeps the service URL in the omnibar, edit buffer, reload, and session history instead of the ephemeral listener port.
Closing a pane cancels its forward start without interrupting the shared SSH connection.
Cloud workspace creation keeps the user's selection, detaching a mirror no longer spawns a duplicate terminal pane, and fresh SSH opens skip a redundant graph refresh before remote creation.
A delayed provider response no longer withdraws the optimistic cloud workspace reveal, and forwarded pages starting cold keep their service URL before the first commit.

Known limitations

HTTPS services on SSH hosts aren't forwarded, and absolute localhost links inside forwarded pages aren't rewritten.
A forward restart can briefly release its local port before retrying.

^{Written for commit a1be35a. Summary will update on new commits.}

Summary by CodeRabbit

Bug Fixes
- Browser panels connect more reliably to services in SSH workspaces, including services accessed through loopback addresses. Navigation can resume when workspace status changes or a route becomes available.
- Automatically routed requests preserve their method, headers, and body.
- If an SSH port forward ends before it is ready, the browser prompts you to reload and reconnect.
Known Limitations
- HTTPS services on SSH hosts cannot yet be opened in the browser. Use an http:// address when available.

github-actions · 2026-10-10T05:47:05Z

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lucasr1b · 2026-10-10T06:00:03Z

correctness review (subagent) on bbd68d4, findings and what was done. all fixed in bf8d65e unless noted.

links, redirects and script navigations to loopback inside a forwarded page could load this mac's port. fixed: the navigation delegate cancels main-frame loopback navigations in ssh workspaces and reroutes them through the routing gate.
the queue gate keyed on cloudBrowserMachineID == nil, so a pane that had been on a route skipped it (history, restore, heal, reconnect). fixed: a single gate in navigateWithoutInsecureHTTPPrompt(request:) routes every loopback url in an ssh workspace to its machine, or queues it until the machine is registered. the only loopback url allowed straight through is the pane's own forward listener.
a listener url opened in a new tab forwarded the wrong remote port. fixed: sshServiceURL(forForwardListener:) maps a listener url back to the service it forwards. when a forward's child died, the pane kept the dead port. fixed: the exit is reported once and the model retries on a new listener.
https loopback on ssh hung silently. fixed: it now shows "HTTPS services on an SSH host can't open in the browser yet". the string is localized in all 9 locales.
concurrency in loopbackForward: the start/join is now a re-read loop, so a second start can't orphan a child. a cancelled route cancels the start instead of waiting out the 60s timeout. https no longer reaches a forward, so keying by port is enough.
checked and fine: the forward cli args (all accepted by parse_connect_flags, run_forward prints one url line), legacy cmuxd-remote workspaces (resume behaves exactly as before), and isLoopback on ::1 / [::1] / 0.0.0.0 / localhost.

still open, called out in the PR as follow-ups:

subresource fetches and websockets to absolute localhost urls from a forwarded page still go to this mac (fix: harden managed SSH browser routing #18675 has content rules for that).
a released listener port can be taken before the retry (fix: harden managed SSH browser routing #18675's listener lease).
names that resolve to loopback but aren't loopback by syntax (lvh.me) load locally.

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🟡 Minor · Add translations for all catalog locales. · Localizable.xcstrings:711-765

Resources/Localizable.xcstrings:711-765
🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Add translations for all catalog locales.

ssh.tui.browserForward.httpsUnsupported is missing localization blocks for bs, da, it, km, nb, pl, pt-BR, ru, th, tr, and uk. Add translated, non-placeholder values for each locale.
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Review comment at @Resources/Localizable.xcstrings around lines 711 - 765:
Add translated, non-placeholder localization values for bs, da, it, km, nb, pl,
pt-BR, ru, th, tr, and uk to the catalog entry
ssh.tui.browserForward.httpsUnsupported, preserving the existing string-catalog
structure and marking each translation appropriately.
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @Sources/Panels/BrowserPanel.swift:
- Line 5682: Update the SSH-service routing branch in BrowserPanel’s navigation
gate so it retains the original URLRequest as the pending request through
forward readiness, changing only its URL to serviceURL before passing it to
configureBrowser. Preserve the request’s method, headers, and body across this
transition.

Review comments at @Sources/RemoteTui/SSHTuiLinkManager.swift:
- Around line 174-175: In loopbackForward’s connected(machineID:) flow, use the
access model’s generation as the authority for route ownership: make the carrier
wait cancellation-aware and reject a canceled generation before creating or
starting the forward via forward.start. Add a test that stops a route during
carrier startup and verifies no SSH forward launches.

---

Outside diff comments:
Review comments at @Resources/Localizable.xcstrings:
- Around line 711-765: Add translated, non-placeholder localization values for
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ssh.tui.browserForward.httpsUnsupported, preserving the existing string-catalog
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Resources/Localizable.xcstrings
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Sources/Surfaces/CmuxTuiSurfaceProvider+PortForward.swift
cmuxTests/BrowserPanelTests.swift
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github-actions · 2026-10-10T06:14:35Z

Probably yours: compile error in Sources/TerminalSurfaceRuntimeWiring.swift:180 cannot find 'ghostty_surface_set_link_filter' in scope (not a file this PR changes) fails here but not on main's latest full suite. This PR merged before its CI finished: fix forward on main.

CI failed on a1be35a6ef (run 38187742870 attempt 4): 1 code.

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new in this PR compile error in Sources/TerminalSurfaceRuntimeWiring.swift:180 cannot find 'ghostty_surface_set_link_filter' in scope (job)

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github-actions · 2026-10-10T06:15:00Z

CI fast guards failed on a1be35a6ef (https://github.com/manaflow-ai/cmux/actions/runs/38187742870). It does not block the merge; a red guard merged into main breaks it for every open PR.
The log named no failed step; see the run.

Agents: python3 scripts/ci/guard_attribution.py fix applies the mechanical fixes locally. This comment is updated in place on each push.

github-actions · 2026-10-10T07:10:26Z

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Review comments at @Sources/Panels/BrowserNavigationDelegate.swift:
- Line 362: Normalize the candidate service URL against the ready pane’s
existing service identity before calling owner.cloudAccess.owns(serviceURL), so
loopback aliases such as localhost and 127.0.0.1 resolve to the same service.
Keep the original-URL policy check ahead of rewriting the request to the
listener, and reuse the existing listener without reconfiguring the forward.

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🟠 Major · Preserve new-tab intent for SSH loopback links. · BrowserNavigationDelegate.swift:378-385

Sources/Panels/BrowserNavigationDelegate.swift:378-385
🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟠 Major | 🏗️ Heavy lift

Preserve new-tab intent for SSH loopback links.

When a user Command-clicks a loopback link, this branch sends the request to .currentTab and returns before the modified-click handling at lines 660-674. The ready-listener branch at lines 356-376 makes the same choice. Both branches can replace the current page instead of opening a tab. Resolve the navigation intent once, then pass that intent through either SSH route. Keep the SSH route as the source of truth for the destination, not for tab placement. A first migration cut is a modified-link test that checks both routes open a new tab.

As per coding guidelines, flag “the same behavior wired separately through multiple surfaces instead of one shared action path.”
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Review comment at @Sources/Panels/BrowserNavigationDelegate.swift around lines
378 - 385:
Resolve navigation intent once and pass it to both SSH loopback routing
branches, including the ready-listener branch, instead of hard-coding
`.currentTab`; keep SSH routing responsible only for the destination. Preserve
Command-click intent so modified loopback links open a new tab, and add a
modified-link test covering both routes.
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Review comments at @Sources/Panels/BrowserNavigationDelegate.swift:
- Around line 378-385: Resolve navigation intent once and pass it to both SSH
loopback routing branches, including the ready-listener branch, instead of
hard-coding `.currentTab`; keep SSH routing responsible only for the
destination. Preserve Command-click intent so modified loopback links open a new
tab, and add a modified-link test covering both routes.

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austinywang · 2026-10-10T20:04:11Z

Cloud routing work in #19032 overlaps the shared browser access files. I inspected this PR and the related SSH variants. The Cloud-only repair will reuse the authenticated guest TCP carrier, suppress browser creation while projecting existing daemon tabs, and preserve machine identity during restore. SSH forwarding behavior stays with the SSH changes. The live Cloud test confirmed that the private-network forward cannot reach guest-loopback-only HTTP services; I am removing that Cloud fallback. Any carrier extension will be explicit opt-in so current SSH/port-preview defaults stay unchanged.

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Cursor Bugbot has reviewed your changes using default effort and found 1 potential issue.

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…o the ssh host regression for #18249. fails to compile on main: the routing decisions and the forward process don't exist yet. Co-authored-by: Austin Wang <38676809+austinywang@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Carl Sue <iamcobolt@gmail.com>

cursor · 2026-10-11T22:49:21Z

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austinywang · 2026-10-11T22:50:04Z

Correctness review complete for the current head.

Confirmed the SSH forward restart could lose the retired listener identity while the route was reconnecting.
Fixed both restart paths to retain the previous listener before clearing navigation state, so stale WebKit history continues to resolve to the stable remote service URL.
Added regression coverage for request replay and retired-listener recognition.
Merged the latest green main and retained its equal-cursor refresh handling.

The earlier CI shard failures were also addressed by the main updates (macOS 27 delegate probe setup and deadline test synchronization); the final head is running fresh CI.

teamleaderleo · 2026-10-11T23:06:01Z

@lucasr1b @austinywang Leo asked me to land this one for #18249 (it supersedes #18675 and #18382). A correctness review of 2cdec90 found one blocker:

The cmux-tui remote forward children outlive cmux. loopbackForwardArguments (Sources/RemoteTui/SSHTuiLinkManager.swift:225) passes --exit-with-parent, but run_forward (cmux-tui/crates/cmux-tui/src/remote_cli.rs:995) never reads it. Only connect, the wg hub (:1784) and the browser proxy watch their parent. The child's stdin is /dev/null, and applicationWillTerminate doesn't stop SSHTuiLinkManager forwards. After a quit or crash, every forward keeps its SSH connection and a 127.0.0.1 listener into the remote port, with no owner.

Suggested fix, mirroring connect: take let owner = flags.exit_with_parent.then(current_parent_process_id); before start_connected, and add a wait_for_parent_exit(owner) arm to the select! in run_forward. That covers crashes as well as quit. It needs a behavior test that the forward exits when its parent does.

Everything else checked out: loopback routing on every main-frame path, no Cloud or legacy regressions, strings in all locales, and all 19 bot threads resolved. Follow-ups that don't block:

Subresource fetch, XHR and WebSocket requests to localhost from a forwarded page reach this Mac (fix: harden managed SSH browser routing #18675's content rule closes this).
window.open popups have no loopback gate.
restartSSHForward can replay a POST without asking.
The redirect-loop guard relies on a Host override that WebKit may drop.
Dock panes with bypassRemoteProxy load queued loopback navigations locally.

I'll merge once the forward exits with its parent.

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…istener (red)

…ard listener

austinywang · 2026-10-12T00:05:05Z

Correctness review of the address-bar fix (ee5c014..1196eb9): no correctness bugs found.

Local panes and Cloud VM routes: no change. displayURL returns nil when there is no remoteURL, and it rewrites only .loopback routes. An about: page before the first load now maps to remoteURL, which currentURL already held, so the blank-page and new-tab checks give the same result as before.
Reload and restore: still reach the forward. Plain reload goes through cloudAccess.retry(). navigate(to: localhost:<port>) passes owns() and is rewritten to the live listener through model.url(for:).
Error pages: mapped correctly. One edge is unchanged from before: an error page from a listener that has since been replaced still shows the old 127.0.0.1 port. This is low severity, and I'm leaving it for a follow-up.
Test: panelLiveURLReadersShowLogicalSSHService compiles against existing APIs and fails without the fix. It calls the shared reader directly; no test covers a live web view.

Resolution: no code changes needed. I dogfooded on tagged build pr-18956-ssh-browser-v30 against a real SSH host (details in the PR description).

Merge-main commit by scripts/merge-main.sh. Merged by scripts/merge-main.sh: origin/main at 9e5134d, the newest commit with green CI fast guards (1 newer skipped). Resolved conflicts: - Resources/Localizable.xcstrings: xcstrings key-level union Merge-main-previous-head: 1196eb9 Merge-main-base: 9e5134d

github-actions · 2026-10-12T00:41:41Z

Merge receipt for a1be35a6ef, merged 2026-10-12 00:41:29 UTC

Not verified at merge: ci-status (not reported), macOS compile admission (in progress)
Verified: backend migrations applied, catalog-structure, CI fast guards, Fast static checks, GhosttyKit release check, guards (18), linux-preflight, macOS admission gate, plan, web-validation
Skipped by policy: admission-placement, apply-production, apply-staging, browser, Claude wrapper regressions, Dogfood build #${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}, remote-daemon, suite-coverage, swift-package-tests, ui-tests, web, web-build, and 2 more
Full suite: runs on main after merge.

Labeled merged-unverified: if main breaks near this merge, look here first.

lucasr1b added the dev-build Build a fleet dogfood build of each push (newest head under load) label Oct 10, 2026

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lucasr1b added dev-build Build a fleet dogfood build of each push (newest head under load) and removed dev-build Build a fleet dogfood build of each push (newest head under load) labels Oct 10, 2026

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Comment thread cmuxTests/CloudWorkspaceOptimisticShortcutTests.swift

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perf(cloud): create New Machine in process #18700

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austinywang force-pushed the ssh-browser branch from 9b73a97 to 7f19f19 Compare October 11, 2026 03:05

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Comment thread Sources/Cloud/PortForward/CloudBrowserAccessState.swift

austinywang added 9 commits October 10, 2026 20:20

test: remove timing-sensitive retired-listener assertion

c259ee2

fix: release closed cloud managers and avoid duplicate tmux panes

22be015

fix: preserve optimistic cloud workspace focus

3b8e9cc

test: keep delayed cloud reveal visible

fa245e1

fix: preserve SSH browser URL and skip redundant startup refresh

3b0edbd

fix: preserve SSH listener display URL during cold navigation

8a34c9a

test: preserve SSH navigation components before commit

8a61d0d

fix: canonicalize SSH browser URLs to localhost

78d1910

test: remove duplicate mobile surface mapping key

c7d9831

austinywang force-pushed the ssh-browser branch from 7f19f19 to c7d9831 Compare October 11, 2026 03:23

austinywang added 3 commits October 10, 2026 20:46

fix: remove unused cloud fallback capture

d73b60c

fix: remove stale cloud context capture

c287fb5

Merge main and preserve SSH listener identity

27be05c

Retain listener identity during SSH route restart

2cdec90

Update cloud empty row height expectation

ee5c014

austinywang added 2 commits October 11, 2026 16:38

test: ssh browser omnibar shows the service origin, not the forward l…

cc91b20

…istener (red)

fix: ssh browser omnibar keeps the service origin instead of the forw…

1196eb9

…ard listener

austinywang merged commit bcdf3f7 into main Oct 12, 2026
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austinywang deleted the ssh-browser branch October 12, 2026 00:41

github-actions Bot added the merged-unverified A judging check was not green at merge; see the merge receipt comment label Oct 12, 2026

This was referenced Oct 12, 2026

cmux ssh browser: cmux-tui remote forward children outlive cmux after quit or crash #19642

Closed

fix: harden managed SSH browser routing #18675

Closed

Fix SSH browser previews reaching local services #18382

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Summary

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lucasr1b commented Oct 10, 2026 •

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