Refactor usage of Display class into Oracle

RELEASE.md

@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@
 ## Bug fixes
 * When running in parallel, the client oracle used to wait forever when the
   chief oracle is not responding. Now, it is fixed.
+* When running in parallel, the client would call the chief after calling
+  `oracle.end_trial()`, when the chief have already ended. Now, it is fixed.
+* When running in parallel, the chief used to start to block in
+  `tuner.__init__()`. However, it makes more sense to block when calling
+  `tuner.search()`. Now, it is fixed.
 
 # Release v1.4.4
 

keras_tuner/distribute/oracle_client_test.py

@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ def build_model(hp):
             max_trials=10,
             directory=tmp_path,
         )
+        tuner.search(x, y, validation_data=(x, y), epochs=1, batch_size=2)
 
         # Only worker makes it to this point, server runs until thread stops.
         assert dist_utils.has_chief_oracle()
@@ -118,8 +119,6 @@ def build_model(hp):
             tuner.oracle, keras_tuner.distribute.oracle_client.OracleClient
         )
 
-        tuner.search(x, y, validation_data=(x, y), epochs=1, batch_size=2)
-
         # Suppress warnings about optimizer state not being restored by
         # tf.keras.
 

keras_tuner/engine/base_tuner.py

@@ -132,24 +132,13 @@ def __init__(
             self._populate_initial_space()
 
         # Run in distributed mode.
-        if dist_utils.is_chief_oracle():
-            # Blocks forever.
-            # Avoid import at the top, to avoid inconsistent protobuf versions.
-            from keras_tuner.distribute import oracle_chief
-
-            oracle_chief.start_server(self.oracle)
-        elif dist_utils.has_chief_oracle():
+        if dist_utils.has_chief_oracle() and not dist_utils.is_chief_oracle():
             # Proxies requests to the chief oracle.
             # Avoid import at the top, to avoid inconsistent protobuf versions.
             from keras_tuner.distribute import oracle_client
 
             self.oracle = oracle_client.OracleClient(self.oracle)
 
-        # In parallel tuning, everything below in __init__() is for workers
-        # only.
-        # Logs etc
-        self._display = tuner_utils.Display(oracle=self.oracle)
-
     def _activate_all_conditions(self):
         # Lists of stacks of conditions used during `explore_space()`.
         scopes_never_active = []
@@ -211,10 +200,24 @@ def search(self, *fit_args, **fit_kwargs):
             **fit_kwargs: Keyword arguments that should be passed to
               `run_trial`, for example the training and validation data.
         """
-        verbose = "auto"
         if "verbose" in fit_kwargs:
             verbose = fit_kwargs.get("verbose")
-            self._display.verbose = verbose
+
+            # Only set verbosity on chief or when not running in parallel.
+            if (
+                not dist_utils.has_chief_oracle()
+                or dist_utils.is_chief_oracle()
+            ):
+                self.oracle.verbose = verbose
+
+        if dist_utils.is_chief_oracle():
+            # Blocks until all the trials are finished.
+            # Avoid import at the top, to avoid inconsistent protobuf versions.
+            from keras_tuner.distribute import oracle_chief
+
+            oracle_chief.start_server(self.oracle)
+            return
+
         self.on_search_begin()
         while True:
             self.pre_create_trial()
@@ -324,7 +327,7 @@ def on_trial_begin(self, trial):
         Args:
             trial: A `Trial` instance.
         """
-        self._display.on_trial_begin(self.oracle.get_trial(trial.trial_id))
+        pass
 
     def on_trial_end(self, trial):
         """Called at the end of a trial.
@@ -333,8 +336,6 @@ def on_trial_end(self, trial):
             trial: A `Trial` instance.
         """
         self.oracle.end_trial(trial)
-        # Display needs the updated trial scored by the Oracle.
-        self._display.on_trial_end(self.oracle.get_trial(trial.trial_id))
         self.save()
 
     def on_search_begin(self):

keras_tuner/engine/oracle.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import random
 import threading
 import warnings
+from datetime import datetime
 
 import numpy as np
 
@@ -113,6 +114,138 @@ def wrapped_func(*args, **kwargs):
     return wrapped_func
 
 
+# TODO: Add more extensive display.
+class Display(stateful.Stateful):
+    def __init__(self, oracle, verbose=1):
+        self.verbose = verbose
+        self.oracle = oracle
+        self.col_width = 18
+
+        # Start time for the overall search
+        self.search_start = None
+
+        # Start time of the trials
+        # {trial_id: start_time}
+        self.trial_start = {}
+        # Trial number of the trials, starting from #1.
+        # {trial_id: trial_number}
+        self.trial_number = {}
+
+    def get_state(self):
+        return {
+            "search_start": self.search_start.isoformat()
+            if self.search_start is not None
+            else self.search_start,
+            "trial_start": {
+                key: value.isoformat()
+                for key, value in self.trial_start.items()
+            },
+            "trial_number": self.trial_number,
+        }
+
+    def set_state(self, state):
+        self.search_start = (
+            datetime.fromisoformat(state["search_start"])
+            if state["search_start"] is not None
+            else state["search_start"]
+        )
+        self.trial_start = {
+            key: datetime.fromisoformat(value)
+            for key, value in state["trial_start"].items()
+        }
+
+        self.trial_number = state["trial_number"]
+
+    def on_trial_begin(self, trial):
+        if self.verbose < 1:
+            return
+
+        start_time = datetime.now()
+        self.trial_start[trial.trial_id] = start_time
+        if self.search_start is None:
+            self.search_start = start_time
+        current_number = len(self.oracle.trials)
+        self.trial_number[trial.trial_id] = current_number
+
+        print()
+        print(f"Search: Running Trial #{current_number}")
+        print()
+        self.show_hyperparameter_table(trial)
+        print()
+
+    def on_trial_end(self, trial):
+        if self.verbose < 1:
+            return
+
+        utils.try_clear()
+
+        time_taken_str = self.format_duration(
+            datetime.now() - self.trial_start[trial.trial_id]
+        )
+        print(
+            f"Trial {self.trial_number[trial.trial_id]} "
+            f"Complete [{time_taken_str}]"
+        )
+
+        if trial.score is not None:
+            print(f"{self.oracle.objective.name}: {trial.score}")
+
+        print()
+        best_trials = self.oracle.get_best_trials()
+        best_score = best_trials[0].score if len(best_trials) > 0 else None
+        print(f"Best {self.oracle.objective.name} So Far: {best_score}")
+
+        time_elapsed_str = self.format_duration(
+            datetime.now() - self.search_start
+        )
+        print(f"Total elapsed time: {time_elapsed_str}")
+
+    def show_hyperparameter_table(self, trial):
+        template = "{{0:{0}}}|{{1:{0}}}|{{2}}".format(self.col_width)
+        best_trials = self.oracle.get_best_trials()
+        best_trial = best_trials[0] if len(best_trials) > 0 else None
+        if trial.hyperparameters.values:
+            print(
+                template.format("Value", "Best Value So Far", "Hyperparameter")
+            )
+            for hp, value in trial.hyperparameters.values.items():
+                best_value = (
+                    best_trial.hyperparameters.values.get(hp)
+                    if best_trial
+                    else "?"
+                )
+                print(
+                    template.format(
+                        self.format_value(value),
+                        self.format_value(best_value),
+                        hp,
+                    )
+                )
+        else:
+            print("default configuration")
+
+    def format_value(self, val):
+        if isinstance(val, (int, float)) and not isinstance(val, bool):
+            return f"{val:.5g}"
+        val_str = str(val)
+        if len(val_str) > self.col_width:
+            val_str = f"{val_str[:self.col_width - 3]}..."
+        return val_str
+
+    def format_duration(self, d):
+        s = round(d.total_seconds())
+        d = s // 86400
+        s %= 86400
+        h = s // 3600
+        s %= 3600
+        m = s // 60
+        s %= 60
+
+        if d > 0:
+            return f"{d:d}d {h:02d}h {m:02d}m {s:02d}s"
+        return f"{h:02d}h {m:02d}m {s:02d}s"
+
+
 @keras_tuner_export("keras_tuner.Oracle")
 class Oracle(stateful.Stateful):
     """Implements a hyperparameter optimization algorithm.
@@ -234,6 +367,19 @@ def __init__(
         self.max_retries_per_trial = max_retries_per_trial
         self.max_consecutive_failed_trials = max_consecutive_failed_trials
 
+        # Print the logs to screen
+        self._display = Display(oracle=self)
+
+    @property
+    def verbose(self):
+        return self._display.verbose
+
+    @verbose.setter
+    def verbose(self, value):
+        if value == "auto":
+            value = 1
+        self._display.verbose = value
+
     def _populate_space(self, trial_id):
         warnings.warn(
             "The `_populate_space` method is deprecated, "
@@ -309,6 +455,7 @@ def create_trial(self, tuner_id):
             trial.status = trial_module.TrialStatus.RUNNING
             self.ongoing_trials[tuner_id] = trial
             self.save()
+            self._display.on_trial_begin(trial)
             return trial
 
         # Make the trial_id the current number of trial, pre-padded with 0s
@@ -342,6 +489,7 @@ def create_trial(self, tuner_id):
             self.start_order.append(trial_id)
             self._save_trial(trial)
             self.save()
+            self._display.on_trial_begin(trial)
 
         return trial
 
@@ -431,6 +579,8 @@ def end_trial(self, trial):
         self._save_trial(trial)
         self.save()
 
+        self._display.on_trial_end(trial)
+
         # Pop the ongoing trial at last, which would notify the chief server to
         # stop when ongoing_trials is empty.
         for tuner_id, ongoing_trial in self.ongoing_trials.items():
@@ -547,6 +697,7 @@ def get_state(self):
             "seed_state": self._seed_state,
             "tried_so_far": list(self._tried_so_far),
             "id_to_hash": self._id_to_hash,
+            "display": self._display.get_state(),
         }
 
     def set_state(self, state):
@@ -568,6 +719,7 @@ def set_state(self, state):
         self._tried_so_far = set(state["tried_so_far"])
         self._id_to_hash = collections.defaultdict(lambda: None)
         self._id_to_hash.update(state["id_to_hash"])
+        self._display.set_state(state["display"])
 
     def _set_project_dir(self, directory, project_name):
         """Sets the project directory and reloads the Oracle."""

keras_tuner/engine/oracle_test.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+import datetime
 import threading
 import time
 
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@
 import keras_tuner
 from keras_tuner.engine import oracle as oracle_module
 from keras_tuner.engine import trial as trial_module
+from keras_tuner.tuners import gridsearch
 
 
 class OracleStub(oracle_module.Oracle):
@@ -440,3 +442,11 @@ def test_overwrite_false_resume(tmp_path):
     assert (
         oracle.get_trial(trial_id).status == trial_module.TrialStatus.COMPLETED
     )
+
+
+def test_display_format_duration_large_d():
+    oracle = gridsearch.GridSearchOracle()
+    d = datetime.datetime(2020, 5, 17) - datetime.datetime(2020, 5, 10)
+    oracle.verbose = "auto"
+    assert oracle_module.Display(oracle).format_duration(d) == "7d 00h 00m 00s"
+    assert oracle.verbose == 1

keras_tuner/engine/tuner_test.py

@@ -1357,7 +1357,10 @@ def test_correct_display_trial_number(tmp_path):
     new_tuner.search(
         TRAIN_INPUTS, TRAIN_TARGETS, validation_data=(VAL_INPUTS, VAL_TARGETS)
     )
-    assert len(new_tuner.oracle.trials) == new_tuner._display.trial_number
+    new_tuner.oracle._display.trial_number.items()
+    assert len(new_tuner.oracle.trials) == max(
+        new_tuner.oracle._display.trial_number.values()
+    )
 
 
 def test_error_on_unknown_objective_direction(tmp_path):