Add guard logic from PR home-assistant#12181 to input select row

[breakthestatic]

Proposed change

Add the guard logic introduced in PR #12181 to the input select row; it short-circuits the change event when the passed option doesn't exist in the list of possible options.

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (thank you!)
• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

Additional information

• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes Sporadic warnings in log referencing invalid input_selection options. #11991

Checklist

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• There is no commented out code in this PR.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works.

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated for www.home-assistant.io