Example code and documentation on how to mock gRPC services

.travis.yml

@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ before_install:
 script:
   - '! gofmt -s -d -l . 2>&1 | read'
   - '! goimports -l . | read'
-  - 'if [[ $TRAVIS_GO_VERSION != 1.5* ]]; then ! golint ./... | grep -vE "(_string|\.pb)\.go:"; fi'
+  - 'if [[ $TRAVIS_GO_VERSION != 1.5* ]]; then ! golint ./... | grep -vE "(_mock|_string|\.pb)\.go:"; fi'
   - '! go tool vet -all . 2>&1 | grep -vE "constant [0-9]+ not a string in call to Errorf" | grep -vF .pb.go:' # https://github.com/golang/protobuf/issues/214
   - make test testrace

Documentation/gomock-example.md

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+# Mocking Service for gRPC
+
+Example code: examples/helloworld/mock
+
+## Why?
+
+To test client-side logic without the overhead of connecting to a real server. Mocking enables users to write light-weight unit tests to check functionalities on client-side without invoking RPC calls to a server. 
+
+## Idea: Mock the client stub that connects to the server.
+
+We use Gomock to mock the client interface (in the generated code) and programmatically set its methods to expect and return pre-determined values. This enables users to write tests around the client logic and use this mocked stub while making RPC calls.
+
+## How to use Gomock?
+
+Documentation on Gomock can be found [here](https://github.com/golang/mock).
+A quick reading of the documentation should enable users to follow the code below.
+
+Consider a gRPC service based on following proto file:
+
+```proto
+//helloworld.proto
+
+package helloworld;
+
+message HelloRequest {
+    string name = 1;
+}
+
+message HelloReply {
+    string name = 1;
+}
+
+service Greeter {
+    rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
+}
+```
+
+The generated file helloworld.pb.go will have a client interface for each service defined in the proto file. This interface will have methods corresponding to each rpc inside that service.
+
+```Go
+type GreeterClient interface {
+    SayHello(ctx context.Context, in *HelloRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*HelloReply, error)
+}
+```
+
+The generated code also contains a struct that implements this interface.
+
+```Go
+type greeterClient struct {
+   cc *grpc.ClientConn
+}
+func (c *greeterClient) SayHello(ctx context.Context, in *HelloRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*HelloReply, error){
+    // ...
+    // gRPC specific code here
+    // ...
+}
+```
+
+Along with this the generated code has a method to create an instance of this struct.
+```Go
+func NewGreeterClient(cc *grpc.ClientConn) GreeterClient
+```
+
+The user code uses this function to create an instance of the struct greeterClient which then can be used to make rpc calls to the server. 
+We will mock this interface GreeterClient and use an instance of that mock to make rpc calls. These calls instead of going to server will return pre-determined values.
+
+To create a mock we’ll use [mockgen](https://github.com/golang/mock#running-mockgen).
+From the directory ``` examples/helloworld/mock/ ``` run ``` mockgen google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld GreeterClient > mock_helloworld/hw_mock.go ```
+
+Notice that in the above command we specify GreeterClient as the interface to be mocked.
+
+The user test code can import the package generated by mockgen along with library package gomock to write unit tests around client-side logic.
+```Go
+import "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+import hwmock "google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/mock/mock_helloworld"
+```
+
+An instance of the mocked interface can be created as:
+```Go
+mockGreeterClient := hwmock.NewMockGreeterClient(ctrl)
+```
+This mocked object can be programmed to expect calls to its methods and return pre-determined values. For instance, we can program mockGreeterClient to expect a call to its method SayHello and return a HelloReply with message “Mocked RPC”.
+
+```Go
+mockGreeterClient.EXPECT().SayHello(
+    gomock.Any(), // expect any value for first parameter
+    gomock.Any(), // expect any value for second parameter
+).Return(&helloworld.HelloReply{Message: “Mocked RPC”},nil) 
+```
+
+gomock.Any() indicates that the parameter can have any value or type. We can indicate specific values for built-in types with gomock.Eq().
+However, if the test code needs to specify the parameter to have a proto message type, we can replace gomock.Any() with an instance of a struct that implements gomock.Matcher interface.
+
+```Go
+type rpcMsg struct {
+    msg proto.Message
+}
+
+func (r *rpcMsg) Matches(msg interface{}) bool {
+    m, ok := msg.(proto.Message)
+    if !ok {
+        return false
+    }
+    return proto.Equal(m, r.msg)
+}
+
+func (r *rpcMsg) String() string {
+    return fmt.Sprintf("is %s", r.msg)
+}
+
+...
+
+req := &helloworld.HelloRequest{Name: "unit_test"}
+mockGreeterClient.EXPECT().SayHello(
+    gomock.Any(),
+    &rpcMsg{msg: req},
+).Return(&helloworld.HelloReply{Message: "Mocked Interface"}, nil)
+```
+
+
+

examples/helloworld/mock/generate_mock.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+mockgen google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld GreeterClient > mock_helloworld/hw_mock.go
+gofmt -w mock_helloworld/hw_mock.go

examples/helloworld/mock/hw_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package mock
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+	proto "github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
+	"golang.org/x/net/context"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld"
+	hwmock "google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/mock/mock_helloworld"
+)
+
+// rpcMsg implements the gomock.Matcher interface
+type rpcMsg struct {
+	msg proto.Message
+}
+
+func (r *rpcMsg) Matches(msg interface{}) bool {
+	m, ok := msg.(proto.Message)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	return proto.Equal(m, r.msg)
+}
+
+func (r *rpcMsg) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("is %s", r.msg)
+}
+
+func TestSayHello(t *testing.T) {
+	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
+	defer ctrl.Finish()
+	mockGreeterClient := hwmock.NewMockGreeterClient(ctrl)
+	req := &helloworld.HelloRequest{Name: "unit_test"}
+	mockGreeterClient.EXPECT().SayHello(
+		gomock.Any(),
+		&rpcMsg{msg: req},
+	).Return(&helloworld.HelloReply{Message: "Mocked Interface"}, nil)
+	testSayHello(t, mockGreeterClient)
+}
+
+func testSayHello(t *testing.T, client helloworld.GreeterClient) {
+	r, err := client.SayHello(context.Background(), &helloworld.HelloRequest{Name: "unit_test"})
+	if err != nil || r.Message != "Mocked Interface" {
+		t.Errorf("mocking failed")
+	}
+	t.Log("Reply : ", r.Message)
+}

examples/helloworld/mock/mock_helloworld/hw_mock.go

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Automatically generated by MockGen. DO NOT EDIT!
+// Source: google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld (interfaces: GreeterClient)
+
+package mock_helloworld
+
+import (
+	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+	context "golang.org/x/net/context"
+	grpc "google.golang.org/grpc"
+	helloworld "google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld"
+)
+
+// Mock of GreeterClient interface
+type MockGreeterClient struct {
+	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
+	recorder *_MockGreeterClientRecorder
+}
+
+// Recorder for MockGreeterClient (not exported)
+type _MockGreeterClientRecorder struct {
+	mock *MockGreeterClient
+}
+
+func NewMockGreeterClient(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockGreeterClient {
+	mock := &MockGreeterClient{ctrl: ctrl}
+	mock.recorder = &_MockGreeterClientRecorder{mock}
+	return mock
+}
+
+func (_m *MockGreeterClient) EXPECT() *_MockGreeterClientRecorder {
+	return _m.recorder
+}
+
+func (_m *MockGreeterClient) SayHello(_param0 context.Context, _param1 *helloworld.HelloRequest, _param2 ...grpc.CallOption) (*helloworld.HelloReply, error) {
+	_s := []interface{}{_param0, _param1}
+	for _, _x := range _param2 {
+		_s = append(_s, _x)
+	}
+	ret := _m.ctrl.Call(_m, "SayHello", _s...)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*helloworld.HelloReply)
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
+	return ret0, ret1
+}
+
+func (_mr *_MockGreeterClientRecorder) SayHello(arg0, arg1 interface{}, arg2 ...interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	_s := append([]interface{}{arg0, arg1}, arg2...)
+	return _mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCall(_mr.mock, "SayHello", _s...)
+}