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LyX with HiDPI
The steps in the wiki were tested on a Samsung Chromebook Plus with crouton integration.
At time of writing, the LyX version offered in the xenial repositories was 2.1.x. Since 2.2 was the first version to support HiDPI it is recommended to install a distro whose repositories offer a newer version, for example stretch. Therefore, install your chroot with
sudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -r stretch -t xiwi
After the installation is complete, enter your chroot and install LyX
sudo enter-chroot
sudo apt install lyx
Still in chroot, edit /etc/crouton/xserverrc-xiwi and add -dpi 200x200 before the right " in the line that starts with XARGS. This can be done with vi or any other text editor. The value 200x200 can be replaced with any value of your liking.
When you find a value you are satisfied with, create a backup of /etc/crouton/xserverrc-xiwi as this file will be reset when you update your chroot (see the source of this workaround):
sudo cp /etc/crouton/xserverrc-xiwi /etc/crouton/xserverrc-xiwi.bak
Leave the chroot with Ctrl+D and launch LyX1
sudo startxiwi lyx
In a Chrome browser window, click on the crouton extension icon and check HiDPI (this requires crouton integration).
In LyX, rightclick any icon to open the icon-size menu and choose a more reasonable icon size (this step doesn't work in LyX 2.1.x).
1 At time of writing, there is an issue with launching X on stretch. Luckily, there is also a workaround (in the issue page).
To start LyX, run
sudo startxiwi lyx