kv: add start/end key to kvpb.BatchTimestampBeforeGCError

[rharding6373]

Today, kvpb.BatchTimestampBeforeGCError produces an error like "batch timestamp %v must be after replica GC threshold %v". It would be useful if this error message also included information about the range affected (e.g., start/end key), since it's difficult to tell which table was affected by GC.

Jira issue: CRDB-42460

Epic CRDB-37617

[blathers-crl]

Based on the specified backports for linked PR #131545, I applied the following new label(s) to this issue: branch-release-23.2, branch-release-24.1, branch-release-24.2. Please adjust the labels as needed to match the branches actually affected by this issue, including adding any known older branches.

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