upstream: merge geth-v1.16.2 ～ geth-v1.16.7 #3505

allformless · 2025-12-30T03:11:11Z

PR Description: Merge Geth v1.16.2 ~ v1.16.7 into BSC

Overview

This PR merges the upstream go-ethereum updates from v1.16.2 to v1.16.7 into the BSC client. It includes several EIP implementations for future hardforks, significant performance optimizations in the Trie and PathDB, and crucial refactorings in the EVM and State management.

Note on EVM Refactoring: > We have explicitly rejected the upstream change #32352 (folding EVMInterpreter into EVM) to maintain compatibility with BSC's Super Instruction optimizations.

Key Changes

1. Protocol & EIPs (Prague/Upcoming Hardforks)

Gas & Size Limits: Implemented EIP-7825 (Transaction Gas Limit Cap) [#31824, #32230] and EIP-7934 (RLP Execution Block Size Limit) [#31990].
New Opcodes & Precompiles: Added support for EIP-7939 (CLZ opcode) [#31989, #32172] and EIP-7951 (secp256r1 Curve support) [#31991].
Blob Adjustments: Implemented EIP-7918 (Blob base fee bounded by execution cost) [#31965] and limited max blobs per transaction [#32246].
Cryptography Updates: Implemented EIP-7883 (ModExp gas cost increase) [#32231] with fix #32363 for input length checks.
AccessList: Added Block-level accessList structure [#31948].

2. Performance Optimizations

Trie & State: * Introduced Trie Prefetch for optimizing state preloading [#32134].
Refactoring: * triePrefetcher is totally replaced by the upstream implementation
Reduced memory allocations in trie hashing [#31902] and derivesha [#30747].
Database: * Parallelized database inspection in rawdb [#32506].
Improved index block parsing performance in pathdb [#32219].
EVM Interpreter: Moved nil-checks out of the interpreter loop for faster instruction execution [#32068].

3. State Management (PathDB & Trie)

History & Recovery: * Introduced trie node history in rawdb and pathdb [#32596].
Implemented partial read in the freezer [#32132].
Added a recovery mechanism in the state indexer to enhance robustness [#32447].
Refactoring: * Introduced a file-based state journal [#32060] and refactored state history writes [#32497].
Reworked the tracer and tracked origin values of dirty nodes [#32306, #32418].

4. Transaction Pool & Networking

LegacyPool: Decoupled the queue from the main txpool to improve concurrency [#32270].
P2P: Stabilized transaction relay peer selection logic [#31714].
Freezer: Improved the scheduling mechanism for freezer sync [#32135].

5. RPC & API Improvements

New Endpoints: * eth_sendRawTransactionSync: Synchronous transaction submission [#32830].
eth_config: Retrieve node configuration [#32239].
SubscribeTransactionReceipts: Support for receipt subscription [#32869].
Limits & Safety: * Added SetWebsocketReadLimit in Server [#32279].
Added config for eth_getLogs address limit [#32327].

6. Config & flags

JournalFileEnabled: * Remove it in config file
journalfile: * flag deprecated
metrics.expensive: * flag deprecated

BSC Specific Adjustments

Super Instruction Support: Retained the separate EVMInterpreter structure by rejecting upstream PR #32352. This ensures BSC's optimized instruction execution remains intact.
System Contract Upgrade Reason: Added CodeChangeSystemContractUpgrade (7) to CodeChangeReason to track BSC-specific system contract updates.

This pull request preserves the root->ID mappings in the path database even after the associated state histories are truncated, regardless of whether the truncation occurs at the head or the tail. The motivation is to support an additional history type, trienode history. Since the root->ID mappings are shared between two history instances, they must not be removed by either one. As a consequence, the root->ID mappings remain in the database even after the corresponding histories are pruned. While these mappings may become dangling, it is safe and cheap to keep them. Additionally, this pull request enhances validation during historical reader construction, ensuring that only canonical historical state will be served.

`db inspect` on the full database currently takes **30min+**, because the db iterate was run in one thread, propose to split the key-space to 256 sub range, and assign them to the worker pool to speed up. After the change, the time of running `db inspect --workers 16` reduced to **10min**(the keyspace is not evenly distributed). --------- Signed-off-by: jsvisa <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <[email protected]>

### Summary Fixes long-standing ETA calculation errors in progress indicators that have been present since February 2021. The current implementation produces increasingly inaccurate estimates due to integer division precision loss. ### Problem https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/3aeccadd04aee2d18bdb77826f86b1ca000d3b67/triedb/pathdb/history_indexer.go#L541-L553 The ETA calculation has two critical issues: 1. **Integer division precision loss**: `speed` is calculated as `uint64` 2. **Off-by-one**: `speed` uses `+ 1`(2 times) to avoid division by zero, however it makes mistake in the final calculation This results in wildly inaccurate time estimates that don't improve as progress continues. ### Example Current output during state history indexing: ``` lvl=info msg="Indexing state history" processed=16858580 left=41802252 elapsed=18h22m59.848s eta=11h36m42.252s ``` **Expected calculation:** - Speed: 16858580 ÷ 66179848ms = 0.255 blocks/ms - ETA: 41802252 ÷ 0.255 = ~45.6 hours **Current buggy calculation:** - Speed: rounds to 1 block/ms - ETA: 41802252 ÷ 1 = ~11.6 hours ❌ ### Solution - Created centralized `CalculateETA()` function in common package - Replaced all 8 duplicate code copies across the codebase ### Testing Verified accurate ETA calculations during archive node reindexing with significantly improved time estimates.

Filtering for leaf nodes was missing from #32388, which means that even the root done was reported, which made little sense for the bloatnet data processing we want to do.

Implement the binary tree as specified in [eip-7864](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7864). This will gradually replace verkle trees in the codebase. This is only running the tests and will not be executed in production, but will help me rebase some of my work, so that it doesn't bitrot as much. --------- Signed-off-by: Guillaume Ballet Co-authored-by: Parithosh Jayanthi <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: rjl493456442 <[email protected]>

~Will probably be mostly supplanted by #32224, but this should do for now for devnet 3.~ Seems like #32224 is going to take some more time, so I have completed the implementation of eth_config here. It is quite a bit simpler to implement now that the config hashing was removed. --------- Co-authored-by: MariusVanDerWijden <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Guillaume Ballet <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: rjl493456442 <[email protected]>

Switches to using counters so that the gauges don't cause any information to be lost. Counters can be used to calculate all sorts of metrics on Grafana. Which is also why min/avg/max logic is removed to make things simple and small here.

Noticed in #32376

Closes #32376

This pull request fixes a regression, introduced in #32190 Specifically, in GetBlobsV1 engine API, if any blob is missing, the null should be placed in response, unfortunately a behavioral change was introduced in #32190, returning an error instead. What's more, a more comprehensive test suite is added to cover both `GetBlobsV1` and `GetBlobsV2` endpoints.

Update all the accumulated changes

Another getBlobs PR on top of ethereum/go-ethereum#32190 to avoid some minor regressions. - bring back more log messages from before - continue processing also on some internal errors - ensure v2 complies with spec even if there are internal errors --------- Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: rjl493456442 <[email protected]>

…e (#32418) This PR is the first step in the trienode history series. It introduces the `nodeWithOrigin` struct in the path database, which tracks the original values of dirty nodes to support trienode history construction. Note, the original value is always empty in this PR, so it won't break the existing journal for encoding and decoding. The compatibility of journal should be handled in the following PR.

As in #32060 we introduced the file based journal path, for the other sub command(eg: snapshot, db), we should also pass the directory to the triedb, else the subcommand(eg: `geth snapshot`) failed to run: ```bash geth snapshot verify-state --datadir /geth-data ... INFO [09-02|02:12:29.493] Allocated cache and file handles database=/geth-data/geth/chaindata cache=512.00MiB handles=524,288 INFO [09-02|02:12:32.746] Opened ancient database database=/geth-data/geth/chaindata/ancient/chain readonly=true INFO [09-02|02:12:32.746] Opened Era store datadir=/geth-data/geth/chaindata/ancient/chain/era INFO [09-02|02:12:32.758] State scheme set to already existing scheme=path INFO [09-02|02:12:32.760] Load database journal from disk INFO [09-02|02:12:32.764] Failed to load journal, discard it err="journal not found" INFO [09-02|02:12:32.789] Opened ancient database database=/geth-data/geth/chaindata/ancient/state readonly=true INFO [09-02|02:12:32.790] Initialized path database readonly=true triecache=0.00B statecache=0.00B buffer=0.00B history="entire chain" ERROR[09-02|02:12:32.791] Failed to verify state root=c5458d..4cc785 err="unknown layer: c5458d476da0136a67ef24a93b909aa5c29efa5c5b885dbd1fbaed4e784cc785" ```

Add state size tracking and retrieve api, start geth with `--state.size-tracking`, the initial bootstrap is required (around 1h on mainnet), after the bootstrap, use `debug_stateSize()` RPC to retrieve the state size: ``` > debug.stateSize() { accountBytes: "0x39681967b", accountTrienodeBytes: "0xc57939f0c", accountTrienodes: "0x198b36ac", accounts: "0x129da14a", blockNumber: "0x1635e90", contractCodeBytes: "0x2b63ef481", contractCodes: "0x1c7b45", stateRoot: "0x9c36a3ec3745d72eea8700bd27b90dcaa66de0494b187c5600750044151e620a", storageBytes: "0x18a6e7d3f1", storageTrienodeBytes: "0x2e7f53fae6", storageTrienodes: "0x6e49a234", storages: "0x517859c5" } ``` --------- Signed-off-by: jsvisa <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <[email protected]>

Alternative of #32335, enhancing the history indexer recovery after unclean shutdown.

TestBlobTxWithoutSidecar test could run infinitely in case of a client not requesting the good transaction. This adds a timeout to make the test fail in this case. Fixes ethereum/go-ethereum#32422 Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <[email protected]>

supersedes https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/32508/files and builts on top of https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/32184 looks like a ~60% decrease in allocations / op and ~20% speed increase (very variable, between 2-200%) ``` goos: linux goarch: amd64 pkg: github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm cpu: Intel(R) Core(TM) Ultra 7 155U │ /tmp/old.txt │ /tmp/new.txt │ │ sec/op │ sec/op vs base │ PrecompiledModExp/eip_example1-Gas=13056-14 23.70µ ± 3% 22.31µ ± 6% -5.89% (p=0.004 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/eip_example2-Gas=13056-14 566.2n ± 12% 267.0n ± 3% -52.85% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-square-Gas=204-14 1285.5n ± 3% 995.8n ± 3% -22.54% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=204-14 1.757µ ± 30% 1.410µ ± 16% -19.75% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=3276-14 8.897µ ± 14% 6.664µ ± 2% -25.10% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-square-Gas=665-14 2.107µ ± 8% 1.470µ ± 11% -30.24% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=665-14 3.142µ ± 3% 2.289µ ± 7% -27.16% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=10649-14 14.76µ ± 3% 13.59µ ± 4% -7.94% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-square-Gas=1894-14 3.984µ ± 3% 3.211µ ± 3% -19.42% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=1894-14 7.572µ ± 12% 6.153µ ± 3% -18.74% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=30310-14 39.07µ ± 7% 37.76µ ± 5% ~ (p=0.123 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-square-Gas=5580-14 9.613µ ± 2% 9.221µ ± 2% -4.08% (p=0.003 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=5580-14 21.66µ ± 5% 21.48µ ± 17% ~ (p=0.971 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=89292-14 120.7µ ± 8% 116.0µ ± 3% -3.93% (p=0.043 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-square-Gas=17868-14 23.93µ ± 3% 24.82µ ± 3% +3.73% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=17868-14 54.98µ ± 1% 58.08µ ± 4% +5.64% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=285900-14 340.3µ ± 2% 341.2µ ± 3% ~ (p=0.529 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example1-Gas=1360-14 21.99µ ± 3% 21.24µ ± 2% -3.43% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example2-Gas=1360-14 568.1n ± 12% 221.1n ± 2% -61.07% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-square-Gas=200-14 1272.0n ± 2% 822.3n ± 13% -35.35% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=200-14 1.633µ ± 3% 1.397µ ± 21% -14.45% (p=0.023 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=341-14 7.276µ ± 3% 6.703µ ± 5% -7.88% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-square-Gas=200-14 1.959µ ± 3% 1.618µ ± 2% -17.43% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=200-14 2.959µ ± 6% 2.611µ ± 5% -11.78% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=1365-14 14.99µ ± 5% 13.76µ ± 4% -8.17% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-square-Gas=341-14 3.870µ ± 4% 3.521µ ± 2% -9.04% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=341-14 6.871µ ± 3% 6.454µ ± 3% -6.07% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=5461-14 40.18µ ± 7% 35.55µ ± 3% -11.52% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-square-Gas=1365-14 9.694µ ± 3% 8.427µ ± 3% -13.08% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=1365-14 21.45µ ± 2% 19.48µ ± 7% -9.18% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=21845-14 118.1µ ± 2% 113.7µ ± 2% -3.76% (p=0.003 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-square-Gas=5461-14 25.80µ ± 5% 24.05µ ± 3% -6.76% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=5461-14 57.28µ ± 8% 55.76µ ± 6% ~ (p=0.796 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=87381-14 335.2µ ± 2% 346.2µ ± 3% +3.28% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marius-1-even-Gas=2057-14 56.24µ ± 3% 55.53µ ± 1% ~ (p=0.280 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-1-even-Gas=2298-14 38.74µ ± 3% 38.63µ ± 6% ~ (p=0.631 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-2-even-Gas=2300-14 61.94µ ± 2% 61.38µ ± 11% ~ (p=0.529 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-3-even-Gas=5400-14 20.27µ ± 2% 20.19µ ± 5% ~ (p=0.853 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-4-even-Gas=1026-14 805.8n ± 3% 359.1n ± 2% -55.44% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=200-14 4.717µ ± 5% 3.925µ ± 5% -16.79% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=215-14 15.51µ ± 3% 14.77µ ± 2% -4.76% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=200-14 10.42µ ± 2% 10.01µ ± 5% -3.94% (p=0.011 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=867-14 15.99µ ± 4% 15.65µ ± 4% ~ (p=0.190 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=852-14 24.45µ ± 2% 23.36µ ± 3% -4.47% (p=0.002 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=996-14 34.59µ ± 29% 32.90µ ± 1% -4.90% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=677-14 12.45µ ± 2% 12.00µ ± 16% ~ (p=0.105 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=765-14 16.21µ ± 3% 15.58µ ± 6% ~ (p=0.063 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=1360-14 23.03µ ± 3% 21.34µ ± 2% -7.35% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=215-14 17.44µ ± 3% 16.03µ ± 1% -8.07% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=298-14 21.00µ ± 5% 19.52µ ± 2% -7.04% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=200-14 9.549µ ± 2% 9.322µ ± 2% -2.38% (p=0.005 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=200-14 10.74µ ± 1% 10.31µ ± 2% -4.06% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=208-14 11.95µ ± 2% 11.43µ ± 2% -4.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=336-14 18.77µ ± 3% 18.10µ ± 2% -3.54% (p=0.002 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=341-14 13.58µ ± 1% 13.47µ ± 1% ~ (p=0.280 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=677-14 13.61µ ± 3% 13.36µ ± 1% -1.83% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=341-14 6.984µ ± 2% 6.053µ ± 3% -13.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=363-14 7.126µ ± 5% 6.344µ ± 7% -10.97% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=5461-14 52.41µ ± 22% 49.85µ ± 4% ~ (p=0.089 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=298-14 20.93µ ± 32% 20.15µ ± 2% -3.69% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=425-14 19.32µ ± 17% 14.46µ ± 4% -25.16% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=501-14 20.22µ ± 15% 14.30µ ± 3% -29.27% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=506-14 14.33µ ± 3% 13.93µ ± 2% -2.80% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=200-14 24.30µ ± 16% 16.94µ ± 18% -30.30% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-square-Gas=500-14 1477.5n ± 5% 872.8n ± 9% -40.93% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=500-14 2.099µ ± 8% 1.131µ ± 2% -46.13% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=2048-14 8.920µ ± 4% 6.356µ ± 2% -28.74% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-square-Gas=512-14 2.227µ ± 4% 1.396µ ± 2% -37.34% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=512-14 3.507µ ± 8% 2.421µ ± 13% -30.97% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=8192-14 17.53µ ± 4% 14.17µ ± 5% -19.20% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-square-Gas=2048-14 4.801µ ± 12% 3.498µ ± 3% -27.15% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=2048-14 8.284µ ± 4% 6.536µ ± 2% -21.10% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=32768-14 44.82µ ± 6% 37.01µ ± 24% -17.43% (p=0.007 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-square-Gas=8192-14 11.742µ ± 4% 9.000µ ± 4% -23.35% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=8192-14 27.49µ ± 10% 21.34µ ± 5% -22.35% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=131072-14 141.4µ ± 11% 113.4µ ± 3% -19.80% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-square-Gas=32768-14 31.46µ ± 5% 23.53µ ± 1% -25.21% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=32768-14 78.12µ ± 20% 53.74µ ± 4% -31.20% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=524288-14 446.3µ ± 6% 338.5µ ± 2% -24.15% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marius-1-even-Gas=45296-14 71.25µ ± 4% 55.33µ ± 1% -22.34% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-1-even-Gas=51136-14 51.06µ ± 14% 38.19µ ± 3% -25.20% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-2-even-Gas=51152-14 86.12µ ± 20% 60.65µ ± 2% -29.57% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-3-even-Gas=32400-14 27.53µ ± 32% 20.37µ ± 2% -26.02% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-4-even-Gas=94448-14 950.4n ± 5% 354.8n ± 28% -62.67% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=1152-14 5.619µ ± 7% 4.440µ ± 5% -20.98% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=16624-14 19.03µ ± 19% 15.67µ ± 22% -17.63% (p=0.003 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=1200-14 13.83µ ± 19% 10.91µ ± 10% -21.16% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=5202-14 23.69µ ± 9% 17.79µ ± 13% -24.91% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=16368-14 38.86µ ± 12% 25.69µ ± 14% -33.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=5978-14 51.47µ ± 28% 33.67µ ± 15% -34.58% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=2032-14 16.69µ ± 17% 12.08µ ± 2% -27.60% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=4080-14 19.75µ ± 5% 16.13µ ± 11% -18.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=4080-14 28.66µ ± 9% 22.47µ ± 4% -21.59% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=16624-14 20.78µ ± 14% 16.38µ ± 2% -21.17% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=24560-14 24.35µ ± 10% 19.62µ ± 1% -19.43% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=500-14 10.312µ ± 4% 9.293µ ± 3% -9.88% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=560-14 11.69µ ± 18% 10.37µ ± 3% -11.27% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=624-14 14.17µ ± 24% 11.60µ ± 6% -18.13% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=1008-14 22.03µ ± 8% 18.22µ ± 2% -17.28% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=1024-14 16.48µ ± 11% 13.34µ ± 1% -19.04% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=2032-14 17.03µ ± 9% 13.44µ ± 1% -21.03% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=2048-14 8.123µ ± 14% 5.962µ ± 3% -26.61% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=2178-14 8.155µ ± 28% 6.799µ ± 4% -16.64% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=32768-14 62.32µ ± 4% 49.82µ ± 1% -20.06% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=24560-14 26.90µ ± 7% 20.30µ ± 2% -24.55% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=6128-14 17.67µ ± 2% 15.61µ ± 11% -11.66% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=2672-14 17.50µ ± 3% 14.88µ ± 8% -14.98% (p=0.002 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=1520-14 17.32µ ± 2% 14.14µ ± 5% -18.39% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=1008-14 21.68µ ± 24% 17.07µ ± 3% -21.25% (p=0.000 n=10) geomean 14.64µ 12.02µ -17.89% │ /tmp/old.txt │ /tmp/new.txt │ │ gas/op │ gas/op vs base │ PrecompiledModExp/eip_example1-Gas=13056-14 13.06k ± 0% 13.06k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/eip_example2-Gas=13056-14 13.06k ± 0% 13.06k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-square-Gas=204-14 204.0 ± 0% 204.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=204-14 204.0 ± 0% 204.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=3276-14 3.276k ± 0% 3.276k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-square-Gas=665-14 665.0 ± 0% 665.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=665-14 665.0 ± 0% 665.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=10649-14 10.65k ± 0% 10.65k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-square-Gas=1894-14 1.894k ± 0% 1.894k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=1894-14 1.894k ± 0% 1.894k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=30310-14 30.31k ± 0% 30.31k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-square-Gas=5580-14 5.580k ± 0% 5.580k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=5580-14 5.580k ± 0% 5.580k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=89292-14 89.29k ± 0% 89.29k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-square-Gas=17868-14 17.87k ± 0% 17.87k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=17868-14 17.87k ± 0% 17.87k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=285900-14 285.9k ± 0% 285.9k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example1-Gas=1360-14 1.360k ± 0% 1.360k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example2-Gas=1360-14 1.360k ± 0% 1.360k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-square-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=341-14 341.0 ± 0% 341.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-square-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=1365-14 1.365k ± 0% 1.365k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-square-Gas=341-14 341.0 ± 0% 341.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=341-14 341.0 ± 0% 341.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=5461-14 5.461k ± 0% 5.461k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-square-Gas=1365-14 1.365k ± 0% 1.365k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=1365-14 1.365k ± 0% 1.365k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=21845-14 21.84k ± 0% 21.84k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-square-Gas=5461-14 5.461k ± 0% 5.461k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=5461-14 5.461k ± 0% 5.461k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=87381-14 87.38k ± 0% 87.38k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marius-1-even-Gas=2057-14 2.057k ± 0% 2.057k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-1-even-Gas=2298-14 2.298k ± 0% 2.298k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-2-even-Gas=2300-14 2.300k ± 0% 2.300k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-3-even-Gas=5400-14 5.400k ± 0% 5.400k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-4-even-Gas=1026-14 1.026k ± 0% 1.026k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=215-14 215.0 ± 0% 215.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=867-14 867.0 ± 0% 867.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=852-14 852.0 ± 0% 852.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=996-14 996.0 ± 0% 996.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=677-14 677.0 ± 0% 677.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=765-14 765.0 ± 0% 765.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=1360-14 1.360k ± 0% 1.360k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=215-14 215.0 ± 0% 215.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=298-14 298.0 ± 0% 298.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=208-14 208.0 ± 0% 208.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=336-14 336.0 ± 0% 336.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=341-14 341.0 ± 0% 341.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=677-14 677.0 ± 0% 677.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=341-14 341.0 ± 0% 341.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=363-14 363.0 ± 0% 363.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=5461-14 5.461k ± 0% 5.461k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=298-14 298.0 ± 0% 298.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=425-14 425.0 ± 0% 425.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=501-14 501.0 ± 0% 501.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=506-14 506.0 ± 0% 506.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=200-14 200.0 ± 0% 200.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-square-Gas=500-14 500.0 ± 0% 500.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=500-14 500.0 ± 0% 500.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=2048-14 2.048k ± 0% 2.048k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-square-Gas=512-14 512.0 ± 0% 512.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=512-14 512.0 ± 0% 512.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=8192-14 8.192k ± 0% 8.192k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-square-Gas=2048-14 2.048k ± 0% 2.048k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=2048-14 2.048k ± 0% 2.048k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=32768-14 32.77k ± 0% 32.77k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-square-Gas=8192-14 8.192k ± 0% 8.192k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=8192-14 8.192k ± 0% 8.192k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=131072-14 131.1k ± 0% 131.1k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-square-Gas=32768-14 32.77k ± 0% 32.77k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=32768-14 32.77k ± 0% 32.77k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=524288-14 524.3k ± 0% 524.3k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marius-1-even-Gas=45296-14 45.30k ± 0% 45.30k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-1-even-Gas=51136-14 51.14k ± 0% 51.14k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-2-even-Gas=51152-14 51.15k ± 0% 51.15k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-3-even-Gas=32400-14 32.40k ± 0% 32.40k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-4-even-Gas=94448-14 94.45k ± 0% 94.45k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=1152-14 1.152k ± 0% 1.152k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=16624-14 16.62k ± 0% 16.62k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=1200-14 1.200k ± 0% 1.200k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=5202-14 5.202k ± 0% 5.202k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=16368-14 16.37k ± 0% 16.37k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=5978-14 5.978k ± 0% 5.978k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=2032-14 2.032k ± 0% 2.032k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=4080-14 4.080k ± 0% 4.080k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=4080-14 4.080k ± 0% 4.080k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=16624-14 16.62k ± 0% 16.62k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=24560-14 24.56k ± 0% 24.56k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=500-14 500.0 ± 0% 500.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=560-14 560.0 ± 0% 560.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=624-14 624.0 ± 0% 624.0 ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=1008-14 1.008k ± 0% 1.008k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=1024-14 1.024k ± 0% 1.024k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=2032-14 2.032k ± 0% 2.032k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=2048-14 2.048k ± 0% 2.048k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=2178-14 2.178k ± 0% 2.178k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=32768-14 32.77k ± 0% 32.77k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=24560-14 24.56k ± 0% 24.56k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=6128-14 6.128k ± 0% 6.128k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=2672-14 2.672k ± 0% 2.672k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=1520-14 1.520k ± 0% 1.520k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=1008-14 1.008k ± 0% 1.008k ± 0% ~ (p=1.000 n=10) ¹ geomean 2.342k 2.342k +0.00% ¹ all samples are equal │ /tmp/old.txt │ /tmp/new.txt │ │ mgas/s │ mgas/s vs base │ PrecompiledModExp/eip_example1-Gas=13056-14 550.8 ± 4% 585.3 ± 5% +6.26% (p=0.004 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/eip_example2-Gas=13056-14 23.06k ± 11% 48.91k ± 3% +112.09% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-square-Gas=204-14 158.7 ± 3% 204.8 ± 3% +29.08% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=204-14 116.3 ± 23% 144.6 ± 14% +24.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=3276-14 368.3 ± 16% 491.5 ± 2% +33.45% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-square-Gas=665-14 315.7 ± 7% 452.9 ± 10% +43.47% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=665-14 211.6 ± 3% 290.6 ± 7% +37.28% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=10649-14 721.6 ± 3% 783.8 ± 4% +8.62% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-square-Gas=1894-14 475.4 ± 3% 590.0 ± 3% +24.10% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=1894-14 250.1 ± 11% 307.8 ± 3% +23.05% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=30310-14 776.1 ± 6% 802.7 ± 5% ~ (p=0.123 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-square-Gas=5580-14 580.5 ± 2% 605.1 ± 2% +4.25% (p=0.003 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=5580-14 257.6 ± 5% 259.8 ± 15% ~ (p=0.971 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=89292-14 739.7 ± 9% 770.0 ± 3% +4.09% (p=0.043 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-square-Gas=17868-14 746.6 ± 3% 719.8 ± 3% -3.60% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=17868-14 325.0 ± 1% 307.6 ± 4% -5.35% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=285900-14 840.1 ± 2% 838.0 ± 3% ~ (p=0.529 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example1-Gas=1360-14 61.84 ± 3% 64.03 ± 2% +3.56% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example2-Gas=1360-14 2.394k ± 11% 6.150k ± 2% +156.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-square-Gas=200-14 157.2 ± 2% 243.2 ± 11% +54.66% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=200-14 122.4 ± 3% 143.2 ± 17% +16.90% (p=0.023 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=341-14 46.86 ± 3% 50.87 ± 4% +8.55% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-square-Gas=200-14 102.1 ± 3% 123.7 ± 2% +21.17% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=200-14 67.59 ± 5% 76.60 ± 5% +13.34% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=1365-14 91.06 ± 5% 99.16 ± 4% +8.90% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-square-Gas=341-14 88.09 ± 4% 96.86 ± 2% +9.96% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=341-14 49.62 ± 3% 52.84 ± 3% +6.48% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=5461-14 136.0 ± 6% 153.6 ± 3% +12.94% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-square-Gas=1365-14 140.8 ± 3% 161.9 ± 3% +15.02% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=1365-14 63.62 ± 2% 70.05 ± 6% +10.12% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=21845-14 184.9 ± 2% 192.2 ± 2% +3.92% (p=0.003 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-square-Gas=5461-14 211.7 ± 5% 227.0 ± 3% +7.25% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=5461-14 95.34 ± 9% 97.93 ± 6% ~ (p=0.796 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=87381-14 260.7 ± 2% 252.4 ± 3% -3.18% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marius-1-even-Gas=2057-14 36.57 ± 3% 37.03 ± 1% ~ (p=0.280 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-1-even-Gas=2298-14 59.31 ± 3% 59.48 ± 5% ~ (p=0.631 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-2-even-Gas=2300-14 37.13 ± 2% 37.47 ± 10% ~ (p=0.529 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-3-even-Gas=5400-14 266.4 ± 2% 267.5 ± 5% ~ (p=0.838 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-4-even-Gas=1026-14 1.274k ± 3% 2.857k ± 3% +124.34% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=200-14 42.39 ± 5% 50.95 ± 5% +20.18% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=215-14 13.86 ± 3% 14.55 ± 2% +5.02% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=200-14 19.19 ± 2% 19.98 ± 5% +4.09% (p=0.011 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=867-14 54.23 ± 4% 55.39 ± 4% ~ (p=0.197 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=852-14 34.84 ± 2% 36.47 ± 2% +4.68% (p=0.002 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=996-14 28.79 ± 23% 30.27 ± 1% +5.16% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=677-14 54.37 ± 2% 56.42 ± 14% ~ (p=0.093 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=765-14 47.19 ± 3% 49.11 ± 6% ~ (p=0.063 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=1360-14 59.05 ± 3% 63.73 ± 2% +7.94% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=215-14 12.32 ± 3% 13.41 ± 1% +8.81% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=298-14 14.19 ± 5% 15.26 ± 2% +7.58% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=200-14 20.94 ± 2% 21.45 ± 2% +2.41% (p=0.005 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=200-14 18.61 ± 1% 19.40 ± 2% +4.25% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=208-14 17.40 ± 2% 18.19 ± 2% +4.54% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=336-14 17.90 ± 3% 18.55 ± 2% +3.66% (p=0.002 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=341-14 25.10 ± 1% 25.30 ± 1% ~ (p=0.306 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=677-14 49.74 ± 3% 50.66 ± 1% +1.86% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=341-14 48.82 ± 2% 56.33 ± 3% +15.38% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=363-14 50.94 ± 5% 57.22 ± 6% +12.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=5461-14 104.2 ± 18% 109.5 ± 4% ~ (p=0.085 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=298-14 14.23 ± 24% 14.78 ± 2% +3.83% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=425-14 22.01 ± 20% 29.39 ± 4% +33.55% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=501-14 24.78 ± 17% 35.03 ± 3% +41.38% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=506-14 35.30 ± 3% 36.31 ± 2% +2.88% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=200-14 8.250 ± 14% 11.805 ± 15% +43.09% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-square-Gas=500-14 338.4 ± 5% 574.2 ± 9% +69.72% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=500-14 238.3 ± 7% 442.1 ± 2% +85.54% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=2048-14 229.6 ± 4% 322.2 ± 2% +40.32% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-square-Gas=512-14 229.9 ± 4% 366.8 ± 2% +59.55% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=512-14 146.1 ± 7% 211.8 ± 11% +44.98% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=8192-14 467.2 ± 4% 578.3 ± 5% +23.77% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-square-Gas=2048-14 426.6 ± 11% 585.5 ± 3% +37.26% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=2048-14 247.2 ± 4% 313.4 ± 2% +26.76% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=32768-14 731.1 ± 5% 885.5 ± 19% +21.11% (p=0.007 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-square-Gas=8192-14 697.7 ± 4% 910.3 ± 4% +30.47% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=8192-14 298.0 ± 9% 383.8 ± 5% +28.75% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=131072-14 926.6 ± 10% 1155.5 ± 3% +24.70% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-square-Gas=32768-14 1.042k ± 5% 1.393k ± 1% +33.64% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=32768-14 419.5 ± 16% 609.7 ± 4% +45.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=524288-14 1.175k ± 5% 1.549k ± 2% +31.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marius-1-even-Gas=45296-14 635.8 ± 4% 818.6 ± 1% +28.76% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-1-even-Gas=51136-14 1.002k ± 13% 1.339k ± 3% +33.66% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-2-even-Gas=51152-14 594.0 ± 17% 843.3 ± 2% +41.97% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-3-even-Gas=32400-14 1.177k ± 24% 1.591k ± 2% +35.17% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-4-even-Gas=94448-14 99.37k ± 5% 266.13k ± 22% +167.81% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=1152-14 205.0 ± 7% 259.5 ± 5% +26.56% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=16624-14 873.8 ± 16% 1061.0 ± 18% +21.43% (p=0.003 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=1200-14 86.77 ± 16% 110.00 ± 9% +26.77% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=5202-14 219.6 ± 8% 293.5 ± 12% +33.67% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=16368-14 421.2 ± 14% 637.2 ± 13% +51.28% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=5978-14 116.2 ± 22% 177.6 ± 13% +52.86% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=2032-14 121.8 ± 14% 168.1 ± 2% +38.11% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=4080-14 206.6 ± 5% 253.0 ± 10% +22.49% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=4080-14 142.4 ± 8% 181.6 ± 4% +27.57% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=16624-14 799.9 ± 12% 1014.5 ± 2% +26.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=24560-14 1.009k ± 9% 1.252k ± 1% +24.05% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=500-14 48.48 ± 4% 53.80 ± 3% +10.96% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=560-14 47.91 ± 15% 53.99 ± 3% +12.70% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=624-14 44.05 ± 19% 53.80 ± 6% +22.12% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=1008-14 45.75 ± 8% 55.31 ± 2% +20.90% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=1024-14 62.24 ± 12% 76.77 ± 1% +23.34% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=2032-14 119.3 ± 8% 151.1 ± 1% +26.66% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=2048-14 252.2 ± 12% 343.6 ± 3% +36.25% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=2178-14 267.1 ± 22% 320.4 ± 5% +19.91% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=32768-14 525.9 ± 3% 657.7 ± 1% +25.07% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=24560-14 913.0 ± 7% 1210.0 ± 1% +32.52% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=6128-14 346.8 ± 2% 392.7 ± 10% +13.24% (p=0.001 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=2672-14 152.7 ± 3% 179.7 ± 8% +17.65% (p=0.002 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=1520-14 87.73 ± 2% 107.55 ± 4% +22.59% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=1008-14 46.50 ± 20% 59.03 ± 3% +26.97% (p=0.000 n=10) geomean 159.9 194.8 +21.79% │ /tmp/old.txt │ /tmp/new.txt │ │ B/op │ B/op vs base │ PrecompiledModExp/eip_example1-Gas=13056-14 2.595Ki ± 0% 2.282Ki ± 0% -12.04% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/eip_example2-Gas=13056-14 672.0 ± 0% 352.0 ± 0% -47.62% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-square-Gas=204-14 1160.0 ± 0% 888.0 ± 0% -23.45% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=204-14 1.414Ki ± 0% 1.148Ki ± 0% -18.78% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=3276-14 1.898Ki ± 0% 1.633Ki ± 0% -13.99% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-square-Gas=665-14 1.789Ki ± 0% 1.383Ki ± 0% -22.71% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=665-14 2.321Ki ± 0% 1.915Ki ± 0% -17.50% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=10649-14 3.196Ki ± 0% 2.790Ki ± 0% -12.71% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-square-Gas=1894-14 2.821Ki ± 0% 2.415Ki ± 0% -14.40% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=1894-14 4.010Ki ± 0% 3.604Ki ± 0% -10.13% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=30310-14 5.698Ki ± 0% 5.292Ki ± 0% -7.13% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-square-Gas=5580-14 5.042Ki ± 0% 4.636Ki ± 0% -8.06% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=5580-14 11.93Ki ± 0% 11.52Ki ± 0% -3.42% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=89292-14 15.30Ki ± 0% 14.89Ki ± 0% -2.66% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-square-Gas=17868-14 9.616Ki ± 0% 9.208Ki ± 0% -4.24% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=17868-14 23.26Ki ± 0% 22.85Ki ± 0% -1.77% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=285900-14 31.90Ki ± 0% 31.49Ki ± 0% -1.29% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example1-Gas=1360-14 2.595Ki ± 0% 2.282Ki ± 0% -12.04% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example2-Gas=1360-14 672.0 ± 0% 352.0 ± 0% -47.62% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-square-Gas=200-14 1160.0 ± 0% 888.0 ± 0% -23.45% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=200-14 1.414Ki ± 0% 1.148Ki ± 0% -18.78% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=341-14 1.898Ki ± 0% 1.633Ki ± 0% -13.99% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-square-Gas=200-14 1.648Ki ± 0% 1.383Ki ± 0% -16.11% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=200-14 2.181Ki ± 0% 1.914Ki ± 0% -12.23% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=1365-14 3.056Ki ± 0% 2.790Ki ± 0% -8.69% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-square-Gas=341-14 2.681Ki ± 0% 2.415Ki ± 0% -9.91% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=341-14 3.869Ki ± 0% 3.604Ki ± 0% -6.87% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=5461-14 5.558Ki ± 0% 5.292Ki ± 0% -4.78% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-square-Gas=1365-14 4.901Ki ± 0% 4.636Ki ± 0% -5.42% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=1365-14 11.78Ki ± 0% 11.52Ki ± 0% -2.25% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=21845-14 15.16Ki ± 0% 14.89Ki ± 0% -1.76% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-square-Gas=5461-14 9.475Ki ± 0% 9.209Ki ± 0% -2.80% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=5461-14 23.12Ki ± 0% 22.85Ki ± 0% -1.15% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=87381-14 31.75Ki ± 0% 31.49Ki ± 0% -0.83% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marius-1-even-Gas=2057-14 2.501Ki ± 0% 2.134Ki ± 0% -14.68% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-1-even-Gas=2298-14 2.470Ki ± 0% 2.103Ki ± 0% -14.87% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-2-even-Gas=2300-14 2.587Ki ± 0% 2.228Ki ± 0% -13.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-3-even-Gas=5400-14 8.271Ki ± 0% 8.014Ki ± 0% -3.12% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-4-even-Gas=1026-14 1056.0 ± 0% 680.0 ± 0% -35.61% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=200-14 2.954Ki ± 0% 2.696Ki ± 0% -8.73% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=215-14 1.641Ki ± 0% 1.273Ki ± 0% -22.38% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=200-14 1.266Ki ± 0% 1.008Ki ± 0% -20.37% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=867-14 9.555Ki ± 0% 9.296Ki ± 0% -2.71% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=852-14 2.047Ki ± 0% 1.688Ki ± 0% -17.56% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=996-14 1.993Ki ± 0% 1.727Ki ± 0% -13.38% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=677-14 2.587Ki ± 0% 2.282Ki ± 0% -11.78% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=765-14 2.313Ki ± 0% 2.000Ki ± 0% -13.55% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=1360-14 2.610Ki ± 0% 2.298Ki ± 0% -11.97% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=215-14 1.860Ki ± 0% 1.492Ki ± 0% -19.79% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=298-14 1.876Ki ± 0% 1.508Ki ± 0% -19.60% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=200-14 1192.0 ± 0% 920.0 ± 0% -22.82% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=200-14 1.305Ki ± 0% 1.039Ki ± 0% -20.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=208-14 1184.0 ± 0% 920.0 ± 0% -22.30% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=336-14 1184.0 ± 0% 920.0 ± 0% -22.30% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=341-14 3.071Ki ± 0% 2.767Ki ± 0% -9.92% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=677-14 3.071Ki ± 0% 2.767Ki ± 0% -9.92% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=341-14 3.869Ki ± 0% 3.604Ki ± 0% -6.87% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=363-14 3.986Ki ± 0% 3.729Ki ± 0% -6.47% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=5461-14 24.12Ki ± 0% 23.85Ki ± 0% -1.10% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=298-14 1.931Ki ± 0% 1.563Ki ± 0% -19.02% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=425-14 2.438Ki ± 0% 2.071Ki ± 0% -15.06% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=501-14 2.798Ki ± 0% 2.485Ki ± 0% -11.17% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=506-14 3.080Ki ± 0% 2.774Ki ± 0% -9.92% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=200-14 1064.0 ± 0% 800.0 ± 0% -24.81% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-square-Gas=500-14 1152.0 ± 0% 888.0 ± 0% -22.92% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=500-14 1.406Ki ± 0% 1.148Ki ± 0% -18.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=2048-14 1.891Ki ± 0% 1.633Ki ± 0% -13.64% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-square-Gas=512-14 1.641Ki ± 0% 1.383Ki ± 0% -15.71% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=512-14 2.173Ki ± 0% 1.915Ki ± 0% -11.87% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=8192-14 3.048Ki ± 0% 2.790Ki ± 0% -8.46% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-square-Gas=2048-14 2.673Ki ± 0% 2.415Ki ± 0% -9.65% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=2048-14 3.861Ki ± 0% 3.604Ki ± 0% -6.68% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=32768-14 5.550Ki ± 0% 5.292Ki ± 0% -4.65% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-square-Gas=8192-14 4.894Ki ± 0% 4.636Ki ± 0% -5.27% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=8192-14 11.78Ki ± 0% 11.52Ki ± 0% -2.20% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=131072-14 15.15Ki ± 0% 14.89Ki ± 0% -1.71% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-square-Gas=32768-14 9.468Ki ± 0% 9.208Ki ± 0% -2.74% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=32768-14 23.11Ki ± 0% 22.85Ki ± 0% -1.13% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=524288-14 31.75Ki ± 0% 31.49Ki ± 0% -0.81% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marius-1-even-Gas=45296-14 2.548Ki ± 0% 2.134Ki ± 0% -16.25% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-1-even-Gas=51136-14 2.517Ki ± 0% 2.103Ki ± 0% -16.45% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-2-even-Gas=51152-14 2.642Ki ± 0% 2.228Ki ± 0% -15.67% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-3-even-Gas=32400-14 8.271Ki ± 0% 8.014Ki ± 0% -3.12% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-4-even-Gas=94448-14 1104.0 ± 0% 680.0 ± 0% -38.41% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=1152-14 2.954Ki ± 0% 2.696Ki ± 0% -8.73% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=16624-14 1.688Ki ± 0% 1.273Ki ± 0% -24.54% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=1200-14 1.266Ki ± 0% 1.008Ki ± 0% -20.37% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=5202-14 9.554Ki ± 0% 9.296Ki ± 0% -2.70% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=16368-14 2.102Ki ± 0% 1.688Ki ± 0% -19.72% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=5978-14 1.985Ki ± 0% 1.727Ki ± 0% -13.03% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=2032-14 2.634Ki ± 0% 2.282Ki ± 0% -13.35% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=4080-14 2.368Ki ± 0% 2.000Ki ± 0% -15.55% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=4080-14 2.665Ki ± 0% 2.298Ki ± 0% -13.78% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=16624-14 1.907Ki ± 0% 1.492Ki ± 0% -21.76% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=24560-14 1.923Ki ± 0% 1.508Ki ± 0% -21.58% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=500-14 1240.0 ± 0% 920.0 ± 0% -25.81% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=560-14 1.352Ki ± 0% 1.039Ki ± 0% -23.12% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=624-14 1240.0 ± 0% 920.0 ± 0% -25.81% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=1008-14 1240.0 ± 0% 920.0 ± 0% -25.81% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=1024-14 3.118Ki ± 0% 2.767Ki ± 0% -11.27% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=2032-14 3.118Ki ± 0% 2.767Ki ± 0% -11.27% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=2048-14 3.861Ki ± 0% 3.604Ki ± 0% -6.68% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=2178-14 3.986Ki ± 0% 3.729Ki ± 0% -6.47% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=32768-14 24.12Ki ± 0% 23.85Ki ± 0% -1.09% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=24560-14 1.978Ki ± 0% 1.562Ki ± 0% -20.99% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=6128-14 2.485Ki ± 0% 2.071Ki ± 0% -16.66% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=2672-14 2.853Ki ± 0% 2.485Ki ± 0% -12.87% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=1520-14 3.127Ki ± 0% 2.774Ki ± 0% -11.27% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=1008-14 1120.0 ± 0% 800.0 ± 0% -28.57% (p=0.000 n=10) geomean 3.164Ki 2.718Ki -14.08% │ /tmp/old.txt │ /tmp/new.txt │ │ allocs/op │ allocs/op vs base │ PrecompiledModExp/eip_example1-Gas=13056-14 37.00 ± 0% 30.00 ± 0% -18.92% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/eip_example2-Gas=13056-14 13.000 ± 0% 6.000 ± 0% -53.85% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-square-Gas=204-14 18.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -44.44% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=204-14 19.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -42.11% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=3276-14 22.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -36.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-square-Gas=665-14 23.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -56.52% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=665-14 24.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -54.17% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=10649-14 27.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -48.15% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-square-Gas=1894-14 23.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -56.52% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=1894-14 24.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -54.17% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=30310-14 27.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -48.15% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-square-Gas=5580-14 23.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -56.52% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=5580-14 25.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -52.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=89292-14 28.00 ± 0% 15.00 ± 0% -46.43% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-square-Gas=17868-14 24.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -54.17% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=17868-14 26.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -50.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExp/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=285900-14 44.00 ± 0% 31.00 ± 0% -29.55% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example1-Gas=1360-14 37.00 ± 0% 30.00 ± 0% -18.92% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/eip_example2-Gas=1360-14 13.000 ± 0% 6.000 ± 0% -53.85% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-square-Gas=200-14 18.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -44.44% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=200-14 19.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -42.11% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=341-14 22.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -36.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-square-Gas=200-14 18.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -44.44% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=200-14 19.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -42.11% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=1365-14 22.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -36.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-square-Gas=341-14 18.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -44.44% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=341-14 19.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -42.11% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=5461-14 22.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -36.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-square-Gas=1365-14 18.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -44.44% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=1365-14 20.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -40.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=21845-14 23.00 ± 0% 15.00 ± 0% -34.78% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-square-Gas=5461-14 19.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -42.11% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=5461-14 21.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -38.10% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=87381-14 39.00 ± 0% 31.00 ± 0% -20.51% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marius-1-even-Gas=2057-14 52.00 ± 0% 43.00 ± 0% -17.31% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-1-even-Gas=2298-14 55.00 ± 0% 46.00 ± 0% -16.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-2-even-Gas=2300-14 52.00 ± 0% 44.00 ± 0% -15.38% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-3-even-Gas=5400-14 19.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -36.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/guido-4-even-Gas=1026-14 18.000 ± 0% 9.000 ± 0% -50.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=200-14 18.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -38.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=215-14 37.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -24.32% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=200-14 19.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -36.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=867-14 19.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -36.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=852-14 36.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -22.22% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=996-14 23.00 ± 0% 15.00 ± 0% -34.78% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=677-14 36.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -22.22% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=765-14 35.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -20.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=1360-14 35.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -20.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=215-14 50.00 ± 0% 41.00 ± 0% -18.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=298-14 50.00 ± 0% 41.00 ± 0% -18.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=200-14 21.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -38.10% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=200-14 22.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -36.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=208-14 20.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -35.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=336-14 20.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -35.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=341-14 52.00 ± 0% 44.00 ± 0% -15.38% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=677-14 52.00 ± 0% 44.00 ± 0% -15.38% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=341-14 19.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -42.11% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=363-14 18.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -38.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod-1024-exp-2-Gas=5461-14 22.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -36.36% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-1-exp-heavy-Gas=298-14 52.00 ± 0% 43.00 ± 0% -17.31% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-2-exp-heavy-Gas=425-14 54.00 ± 0% 45.00 ± 0% -16.67% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-3-exp-heavy-Gas=501-14 52.00 ± 0% 45.00 ± 0% -13.46% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/pawel-4-exp-heavy-Gas=506-14 53.00 ± 0% 45.00 ± 0% -15.09% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip2565/mod_vul_pawel_3_exp_8-Gas=200-14 19.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -36.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-square-Gas=500-14 17.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -41.18% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-qube-Gas=500-14 18.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -38.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-1-pow0x10001-Gas=2048-14 21.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -33.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-square-Gas=512-14 17.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -41.18% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-qube-Gas=512-14 18.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -38.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-2-pow0x10001-Gas=8192-14 21.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -33.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-square-Gas=2048-14 17.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -41.18% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-qube-Gas=2048-14 18.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -38.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-3-pow0x10001-Gas=32768-14 21.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -33.33% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-square-Gas=8192-14 17.00 ± 0% 10.00 ± 0% -41.18% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-qube-Gas=8192-14 19.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -36.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-4-pow0x10001-Gas=131072-14 22.00 ± 0% 15.00 ± 0% -31.82% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-square-Gas=32768-14 18.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -38.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-qube-Gas=32768-14 20.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -35.00% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/nagydani-5-pow0x10001-Gas=524288-14 38.00 ± 0% 31.00 ± 0% -18.42% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marius-1-even-Gas=45296-14 53.00 ± 0% 43.00 ± 0% -18.87% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-1-even-Gas=51136-14 56.00 ± 0% 46.00 ± 0% -17.86% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-2-even-Gas=51152-14 54.00 ± 0% 44.00 ± 0% -18.52% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-3-even-Gas=32400-14 19.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -36.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/guido-4-even-Gas=94448-14 19.000 ± 0% 9.000 ± 0% -52.63% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-base-heavy-Gas=1152-14 18.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -38.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-exp-heavy-Gas=16624-14 38.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -26.32% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-1-balanced-Gas=1200-14 19.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -36.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-base-heavy-Gas=5202-14 19.00 ± 0% 12.00 ± 0% -36.84% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-exp-heavy-Gas=16368-14 38.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -26.32% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-2-balanced-Gas=5978-14 22.00 ± 0% 15.00 ± 0% -31.82% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-base-heavy-Gas=2032-14 37.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -24.32% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-exp-heavy-Gas=4080-14 37.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -24.32% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/marcin-3-balanced-Gas=4080-14 37.00 ± 0% 28.00 ± 0% -24.32% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-648-Gas=16624-14 51.00 ± 0% 41.00 ± 0% -19.61% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-8-exp-896-Gas=24560-14 51.00 ± 0% 41.00 ± 0% -19.61% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-32-Gas=500-14 22.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -40.91% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-36-Gas=560-14 23.00 ± 0% 14.00 ± 0% -39.13% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-40-Gas=624-14 22.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -40.91% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-64-Gas=1008-14 22.00 ± 0% 13.00 ± 0% -40.91% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-65-Gas=1024-14 53.00 ± 0% 44.00 ± 0% -16.98% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-32-exp-128-Gas=2032-14 53.00 ± 0% 44.00 ± 0% -16.98% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-256-exp-2-Gas=2048-14 18.00 ± 0% 11.00 ± 0% -38.89% (p=0.000 n=10) PrecompiledModExpEip7883/mod-264-exp-2-Gas=2178-14 18.00 ± …

This pull request addresses the corrupted path database with log indicating: `history head truncation out of range, tail: 122557, head: 212208, target: 212557` This is a rare edge case where the in-memory layers, including the write buffer in the disk layer, are fully persisted (e.g., written to file), but the state history freezer is not properly closed (e.g., Geth is terminated after journaling but before freezer.Close). In this situation, the recent state history writes will be truncated on the next startup, while the in-memory layers resolve correctly. As a result, the state history falls behind the disk layer (including the write buffer). In this pull request, the state history freezer is always synced before journal, ensuring the state history writes are always persisted before the others. Edit: It's confirmed that devops team has 10s container termination setting. It explains why Geth didn't finish the entire termination without state history being closed. https://github.com/ethpandaops/fusaka-devnets/pull/63/files

This PR removes the conversion of legacy sidecars after Osaka and instead rejects them to the pool. --------- Co-authored-by: lightclient <[email protected]>

The tabs aren't consistently spaced with the other items in the description. This fixes it.

@rjl493456442

Adds a sanity check in the transaction pool Co-authored-by @rjl493456442

Sets the fusaka, bpo1, bpo2 timestamps for mainnet see: https://notes.ethereum.org/@bbusa/fusaka-bpo-timeline

We unfortunately missed this update for the Geth v1.16.6 release, but it is critical.

buddh0 · 2025-12-31T06:23:02Z

v1.16.7 changes based on v1.16.1

…nd drop peer (#32728)" This reverts commit 40505a9. It's conflict with feature 'reannounce local pending transactions' in BSC

* core/vm: fix RequiredGas for P256Verify * cmd/geth: not support OverrideBPO1 and OverrideBPO2 flags in BSC * cmd/geth: hidden flag PruneAncientDataFlag * cmd/utils: deprecated MetricsEnabledExpensiveFlag * core/state: simplify statedb copy * all: upgrade go version to 1.25 for workflows and dockers * all: handle golang lint * bid_simulator.go: disable blob version1 in bid simulator * triedb: align signature of func Size() * triedb/pathdb: read old journal file * cmd/utils: deprecated JournalFileFlag * triedb/pathdb: remove JournalFile field in config * eth: fix BroadcastTransactions * core/txpool/blobpool: only accept BlobSidecarVersion0 in BSC * core/txpool/blobpool: not convert blobsidecar to V1 in BSC * fix: fix eip-7910 test case * fix: fix api * legacypool_test.go: fix TestDualHeapEviction * eth/ethconfig: delete field JournalFileEnabled * core/vm: revert comments * params: fix Rules for ChainConfig * params: fix Rules for ChainConfig * fix: fix transaction rollback * internal/ethapi: fix eth_config * core: fix core ut * core: fix TestWaitDeployedCornerCases * fix suit_test: only set HistoryStorageAddress nonce on BSC chains during Prague activation * eth/syncer: disable debug_sync for now --------- Co-authored-by: qybdyx <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: flywukong <[email protected]>

Copilot

Copilot encountered an error and was unable to review this pull request. You can try again by re-requesting a review.

miner/bid_simulator.go

flywukong · 2026-01-16T06:55:31Z

core/state/state_object.go

-	if metrics.EnabledExpensive() {
-		s.db.StorageReads += time.Since(start)
-	}
+	s.db.StorageReads += time.Since(start)


may have some negative effect on performance

may have some negative effect on performance

ethereum/go-ethereum#29191

two int64 plus is not much expensive than a if expression

rjl493456442 and others added 30 commits August 29, 2025 15:43

README: add twitter badge to documentation (#32516)

3aeccad

core/stateless: only report leaf depth in witness stats (#32507)

931befe

Filtering for leaf nodes was missing from #32388, which means that even the root done was reported, which made little sense for the bloatnet data processing we want to do.

version: release v1.16.3

d818a9a

version: release v1.16.3 (#32528)

0978604

version: begin v1.16.4 release cycle (#32529)

1263f3d

core/tracing: fix selfdestruct 6780 balance change emit (#32526)

6f08b3a

Noticed in #32376

core/tracing: add code change reason (#32525)

328add2

Closes #32376

core/txpool: fix duplicate function comment (#32524)

0e82b6b

core/tracing: update changelog (#32535)

e6884cc

Update all the accumulated changes

core/rawdb: remove outdated functions (#32542)

f5fcfb2

triedb/pathdb: add recovery mechanism in state indexer (#32447)

bc4ee71

Alternative of #32335, enhancing the history indexer recovery after unclean shutdown.

rlp: fix typo in decode test message (#32554)

2a3f4ce

core/rawdb: improve the test suite for ancient store (#32555)

5035064

core/txpool/blobpool: disallow legacy sidecar after osaka (#32534)

5cc4436

This PR removes the conversion of legacy sidecars after Osaka and instead rejects them to the pool. --------- Co-authored-by: lightclient <[email protected]>

params: use spaces instead of tabs in config description (#32564)

586ac9b

The tabs aren't consistently spaced with the other items in the description. This fixes it.

core/txpool: add sanity overflow check (#32544)

d68528c

Adds a sanity check in the transaction pool Co-authored-by @rjl493456442

MariusVanDerWijden and others added 7 commits November 3, 2025 17:41

params: set osaka and BPO1 & BPO2 mainnet dates (#33063)

0250724

Sets the fusaka, bpo1, bpo2 timestamps for mainnet see: https://notes.ethereum.org/@bbusa/fusaka-bpo-timeline

version: release go-ethereum v1.16.6

044828e

Merge branch 'master' into release/1.16

386c3de

version: begin v1.16.7 release cycle

5b77af3

go.mod: update to c-kzg v2.1.5 (#33093)

653f8d4

We unfortunately missed this update for the Geth v1.16.6 release, but it is critical.

version: release go-ethereum v1.16.7 stable

07129d2

Merge branch 'master' into release/1.16

b9f3a3d

buddh0 changed the title ~~upstream: merge geth-v1.16.7~~ upstream: merge geth-v1.16.2 ～ geth-v1.16.7 Dec 31, 2025

Merge branch 'geth-v-1-16-7' into upstream-geth-v-1-16-7

2425eea

allformless force-pushed the upstream-geth-v-1-16-7 branch from bd31bb2 to 2425eea Compare December 31, 2025 06:44

allformless and others added 3 commits January 8, 2026 11:08

Revert "eth/protocols/eth: reject message containing duplicated txs a…

a8e8014

…nd drop peer (#32728)" This reverts commit 40505a9. It's conflict with feature 'reannounce local pending transactions' in BSC

fix: fix evm ci (#24)

30c78d4

allformless marked this pull request as ready for review January 8, 2026 07:51

buddh0 requested review from Copilot, flywukong and zlacfzy January 8, 2026 10:39

Copilot AI reviewed Jan 8, 2026

View reviewed changes

zlacfzy and others added 3 commits January 9, 2026 11:29

pathdb: add backward compatibility for legacy journal file format

f4d66f2

Merge branch 'develop' into upstream-geth-v-1-16-7

ea120ec

core/vm: remove useless change

d848390

allformless force-pushed the upstream-geth-v-1-16-7 branch from be9700a to d848390 Compare January 15, 2026 03:00

buddh0 approved these changes Jan 15, 2026

View reviewed changes

flywukong reviewed Jan 15, 2026

View reviewed changes

miner/bid_simulator.go Show resolved Hide resolved

flywukong reviewed Jan 16, 2026

View reviewed changes

flywukong approved these changes Jan 16, 2026

View reviewed changes

buddh0 merged commit 3b15ea1 into bnb-chain:develop Jan 16, 2026
8 of 9 checks passed

allformless added this to the 1.7.0 milestone Jan 19, 2026

allformless mentioned this pull request Jan 19, 2026

release: prepare for release v1.7.0-alpha #3523

Merged

Provide feedback

Saved searches

Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly

upstream: merge geth-v1.16.2 ～ geth-v1.16.7 #3505

upstream: merge geth-v1.16.2 ～ geth-v1.16.7 #3505

allformless commented Dec 30, 2025 •

edited by buddh0

Loading

Uh oh!

buddh0 commented Dec 31, 2025

Uh oh!

Copilot AI left a comment

Uh oh!

Uh oh!

flywukong Jan 16, 2026

Uh oh!

NathanBSC Jan 16, 2026 •

edited

Loading

Uh oh!

Uh oh!

Reviewers

Assignees

Labels

Projects

Milestone

Development

Uh oh!

20 participants

upstream: merge geth-v1.16.2 ～ geth-v1.16.7 #3505

upstream: merge geth-v1.16.2 ～ geth-v1.16.7 #3505

Conversation

allformless commented Dec 30, 2025 • edited by buddh0 Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page.

Uh oh!

PR Description: Merge Geth v1.16.2 ~ v1.16.7 into BSC

Overview

Key Changes

1. Protocol & EIPs (Prague/Upcoming Hardforks)

2. Performance Optimizations

3. State Management (PathDB & Trie)

4. Transaction Pool & Networking

5. RPC & API Improvements

6. Config & flags

BSC Specific Adjustments

Uh oh!

buddh0 commented Dec 31, 2025

Uh oh!

Copilot AI left a comment

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

Uh oh!

flywukong Jan 16, 2026

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

NathanBSC Jan 16, 2026 • edited Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page.

Uh oh!

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

Uh oh!

Uh oh!

Reviewers

Assignees

Labels

Projects

Milestone

Development

Uh oh!

20 participants

allformless commented Dec 30, 2025 •

edited by buddh0

Loading

NathanBSC Jan 16, 2026 •

edited

Loading