NixOS · vcunat · Nov 3, 2025 · Sep 6, 2025 · Sep 6, 2025 · Sep 6, 2025
diff --git a/doc/release-notes/rl-2511.section.md b/doc/release-notes/rl-2511.section.md
@@ -168,6 +168,8 @@
 
 - `meilisearch_1_11` has been removed, as it is no longer supported.
 
+- `budgie-desktop` has been updated [10.9.3](https://github.com/BuddiesOfBudgie/budgie-desktop/releases/tag/v10.9.3), this changes `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP` from `Budgie:GNOME` to `Budgie`.
+
 - Greetd and its original greeters (`tuigreet`, `gtkgreet`, `qtgreet`, `regreet`, `wlgreet`) were moved from `greetd` namespace to top level (`greetd.tuigreet` -> `tuigreet`, `greetd.greetd` -> `greetd`, etc). The original attrs are available for compatibility as passthrus of `greetd`, but will emit a warning. They will be removed in future releases.
 
 - `carla` no longer support `gtk2` override.

diff --git a/maintainers/scripts/update.py b/maintainers/scripts/update.py
@@ -92,7 +92,15 @@ async def attr_instantiation_worker(
 ) -> tuple[Path, str]:
     async with semaphore:
         eprint(f"Instantiating {attr_path}…")
-        return (await nix_instantiate(attr_path), attr_path)
+        try:
+            return (await nix_instantiate(attr_path), attr_path)
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Failure should normally terminate the script but
+            # looks like Python is buggy so we need to do it ourselves.
+            eprint(f"Failed to instantiate {attr_path}")
+            if e.stderr:
+                eprint(e.stderr.decode("utf-8"))
+            sys.exit(1)
 
 
 async def requisites_worker(

diff --git a/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2511.section.md b/nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2511.section.md
@@ -22,6 +22,14 @@
 
 - COSMIC DE has been updated to the beta version, bringing it closer to its first stable release. This includes updates to its core components, applications, and overall stability.
 
+- GNOME has been updated to version 49.
+
+  - Removes X11 session support. Though you can still run X11 apps using XWayland.
+  - gnome-session’s custom service manager was removed in favour of using systemd.
+  - GDM now allows multiple seats, which is useful for e.g. remote logins. Though we currently [limit this to five greeter instances](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/458058).
+
+  Refer to the [GNOME release notes](https://release.gnome.org/49/) for more details.
+
 ## New Modules {#sec-release-25.11-new-modules}
 
 <!-- To avoid merge conflicts, consider adding your item at an arbitrary place in the list instead. -->

diff --git a/nixos/modules/config/vte.nix b/nixos/modules/config/vte.nix
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ let
   vteInitSnippet = ''
     # Show current working directory in VTE terminals window title.
     # Supports both bash and zsh, requires interactive shell.
-    . ${pkgs.vte.override { gtkVersion = null; }}/etc/profile.d/vte.sh
+    . ${pkgs.vte-gtk4}/etc/profile.d/vte.sh
   '';
 
 in

diff --git a/nixos/modules/module-list.nix b/nixos/modules/module-list.nix
@@ -569,6 +569,7 @@
   ./services/desktops/gnome/gnome-online-miners.nix
   ./services/desktops/gnome/gnome-remote-desktop.nix
   ./services/desktops/gnome/gnome-settings-daemon.nix
+  ./services/desktops/gnome/gnome-software.nix
   ./services/desktops/gnome/gnome-user-share.nix
   ./services/desktops/gnome/localsearch.nix
   ./services/desktops/gnome/rygel.nix

diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/accessibility/orca.nix b/nixos/modules/services/accessibility/orca.nix
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ in
 
   config = mkIf cfg.enable {
     environment.systemPackages = [ cfg.package ];
-    systemd.services.display-manager = lib.mkIf config.services.displayManager.enable {
-      path = [ cfg.package ];
-    };
+    systemd.packages = [ cfg.package ];
     services.speechd.enable = true;
   };
 }
diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/desktop-managers/gnome.nix b/nixos/modules/services/desktop-managers/gnome.nix
@@ -297,8 +297,12 @@ in
 
       systemd.packages = [
         pkgs.gnome-flashback
+        pkgs.metacity
+        (pkgs.gnome-panel-with-modules.override {
+          panelModulePackages = cfg.flashback.panelModulePackages;
+        })
       ]
-      ++ map pkgs.gnome-flashback.mkSystemdTargetForWm flashbackWms;
+      ++ map pkgs.gnome-flashback.mkSystemdTargetForWm cfg.flashback.customSessions;
 
       environment.systemPackages = [
         pkgs.gnome-flashback
@@ -311,9 +315,7 @@ in
         wm: pkgs.gnome-flashback.mkWmApplication { inherit (wm) wmName wmLabel wmCommand; }
       ) flashbackWms)
       # For /share/pkgs.gnome-session/sessions/gnome-flashback-${wmName}.session
-      ++ (map (
-        wm: pkgs.gnome-flashback.mkGnomeSession { inherit (wm) wmName wmLabel enableGnomePanel; }
-      ) flashbackWms);
+      ++ (map (wm: pkgs.gnome-flashback.mkGnomeSession { inherit (wm) wmName wmLabel; }) flashbackWms);
     })
 
     (lib.mkIf serviceCfg.core-os-services.enable {
@@ -444,38 +446,31 @@ in
 
     # Adapt from https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-build-meta/-/blob/gnome-48/elements/core/meta-gnome-core-apps.bst
     (lib.mkIf serviceCfg.core-apps.enable {
-      environment.systemPackages = utils.removePackagesByName (
-        [
-          pkgs.baobab
-          pkgs.decibels
-          pkgs.epiphany
-          pkgs.gnome-text-editor
-          pkgs.gnome-calculator
-          pkgs.gnome-calendar
-          pkgs.gnome-characters
-          pkgs.gnome-clocks
-          pkgs.gnome-console
-          pkgs.gnome-contacts
-          pkgs.gnome-font-viewer
-          pkgs.gnome-logs
-          pkgs.gnome-maps
-          pkgs.gnome-music
-          pkgs.gnome-system-monitor
-          pkgs.gnome-weather
-          pkgs.loupe
-          pkgs.nautilus
-          pkgs.gnome-connections
-          pkgs.simple-scan
-          pkgs.snapshot
-          pkgs.totem
-          pkgs.yelp
-        ]
-        ++ lib.optionals config.services.flatpak.enable [
-          # Since PackageKit Nix support is not there yet,
-          # only install gnome-software if flatpak is enabled.
-          pkgs.gnome-software
-        ]
-      ) config.environment.gnome.excludePackages;
+      environment.systemPackages = utils.removePackagesByName [
+        pkgs.baobab
+        pkgs.decibels
+        pkgs.epiphany
+        pkgs.gnome-text-editor
+        pkgs.gnome-calculator
+        pkgs.gnome-calendar
+        pkgs.gnome-characters
+        pkgs.gnome-clocks
+        pkgs.gnome-console
+        pkgs.gnome-contacts
+        pkgs.gnome-font-viewer
+        pkgs.gnome-logs
+        pkgs.gnome-maps
+        pkgs.gnome-music
+        pkgs.gnome-system-monitor
+        pkgs.gnome-weather
+        pkgs.loupe
+        pkgs.nautilus
+        pkgs.gnome-connections
+        pkgs.simple-scan
+        pkgs.snapshot
+        pkgs.totem
+        pkgs.yelp
+      ] config.environment.gnome.excludePackages;
 
       # Enable default program modules
       # Since some of these have a corresponding package, we only
@@ -488,6 +483,12 @@ in
       programs.seahorse.enable = notExcluded pkgs.seahorse;
       services.gnome.sushi.enable = notExcluded pkgs.sushi;
 
+      # Since PackageKit Nix support is not there yet,
+      # only install gnome-software if flatpak is enabled.
+      services.gnome.gnome-software.enable = lib.mkIf config.services.flatpak.enable (
+        notExcluded pkgs.gnome-software
+      );
+
       # VTE shell integration for gnome-console
       programs.bash.vteIntegration = mkDefault true;
       programs.zsh.vteIntegration = mkDefault true;

diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/desktops/gnome/gnome-initial-setup.nix b/nixos/modules/services/desktops/gnome/gnome-initial-setup.nix
@@ -78,8 +78,10 @@ in
 
     systemd.user.targets."gnome-session".wants = [
       "gnome-initial-setup-copy-worker.service"
+    ];
+
+    systemd.user.targets."graphical-session-pre".wants = [
       "gnome-initial-setup-first-login.service"
-      "gnome-welcome-tour.service"
     ];
 
     systemd.user.targets."gnome-session@gnome-initial-setup".wants = [
@@ -89,6 +91,11 @@ in
     programs.dconf.profiles.gnome-initial-setup.databases = [
       "${pkgs.gnome-initial-setup}/share/gnome-initial-setup/initial-setup-dconf-defaults"
     ];
+
+    users = {
+      # TODO: switch to using provided gnome-initial-setup sysusers.d
+      groups.gnome-initial-setup = { };
+    };
   };
 
 }
diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/desktops/gnome/gnome-software.nix b/nixos/modules/services/desktops/gnome/gnome-software.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+  config,
+  pkgs,
+  lib,
+  ...
+}:
+
+{
+  meta = {
+    maintainers = lib.teams.gnome.members;
+  };
+
+  options = {
+    services.gnome.gnome-software = {
+      enable = lib.mkEnableOption "GNOME Software, package manager for GNOME";
+    };
+  };
+
+  config = lib.mkIf config.services.gnome.gnome-software.enable {
+    environment.systemPackages = [
+      pkgs.gnome-software
+    ];
+
+    systemd.packages = [
+      pkgs.gnome-software
+    ];
+  };
+}
diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/display-managers/gdm.nix b/nixos/modules/services/display-managers/gdm.nix
@@ -183,10 +183,44 @@ in
       name = "gdm";
       uid = config.ids.uids.gdm;
       group = "gdm";
-      home = "/run/gdm";
       description = "GDM user";
     };
 
+    users.users.gdm-greeter = {
+      isSystemUser = true;
+      uid = 60578;
+      group = "gdm";
+      home = "/run/gdm";
+    };
+
+    users.users.gdm-greeter-1 = {
+      isSystemUser = true;
+      uid = 60579;
+      group = "gdm";
+      home = "/run/gdm-1";
+    };
+
+    users.users.gdm-greeter-2 = {
+      isSystemUser = true;
+      uid = 60580;
+      group = "gdm";
+      home = "/run/gdm-2";
+    };
+
+    users.users.gdm-greeter-3 = {
+      isSystemUser = true;
+      uid = 60581;
+      group = "gdm";
+      home = "/run/gdm-3";
+    };
+
+    users.users.gdm-greeter-4 = {
+      isSystemUser = true;
+      uid = 60582;
+      group = "gdm";
+      home = "/run/gdm-4";
+    };
+
     users.groups.gdm.gid = config.ids.gids.gdm;
 
     # GDM needs different xserverArgs, presumable because using wayland by default.
@@ -348,15 +382,15 @@ in
     # GDM LFS PAM modules, adapted somehow to NixOS
     security.pam.services = {
       gdm-launch-environment.text = ''
-        auth     required       pam_succeed_if.so audit quiet_success user = gdm
+        auth     required       pam_succeed_if.so audit quiet_success user ingroup gdm
         auth     optional       pam_permit.so
 
-        account  required       pam_succeed_if.so audit quiet_success user = gdm
+        account  required       pam_succeed_if.so audit quiet_success user ingroup gdm
         account  sufficient     pam_unix.so
 
         password required       pam_deny.so
 
-        session  required       pam_succeed_if.so audit quiet_success user = gdm
+        session  required       pam_succeed_if.so audit quiet_success user ingroup gdm
         session  required       pam_env.so conffile=/etc/pam/environment readenv=0
         session  optional       ${config.systemd.package}/lib/security/pam_systemd.so
         session  optional       pam_keyinit.so force revoke

diff --git a/nixos/tests/budgie.nix b/nixos/tests/budgie.nix
@@ -42,13 +42,7 @@
     in
     ''
       with subtest("Wait for login"):
-          # wait_for_x() checks graphical-session.target, which is expected to be
-          # inactive on Budgie before Budgie manages user session with systemd.
-          # https://github.com/BuddiesOfBudgie/budgie-desktop/blob/39e9f0895c978f76/src/session/budgie-desktop.in#L16
-          #
-          # Previously this was unconditionally touched by xsessionWrapper but was
-          # changed in #233981 (we have Budgie:GNOME in XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP).
-          # machine.wait_for_x()
+          machine.wait_for_x()
           machine.wait_until_succeeds('journalctl -t budgie-session-binary --grep "Entering running state"')
           machine.wait_for_file("${user.home}/.Xauthority")
           machine.succeed("xauth merge ${user.home}/.Xauthority")
@@ -58,16 +52,17 @@
           machine.succeed("getfacl -p /dev/dri/card0 | grep -q ${user.name}")
 
       with subtest("Check if Budgie session components actually start"):
-          for i in ["budgie-daemon", "budgie-panel", "budgie-wm", "budgie-desktop-view", "gsd-media-keys"]:
-              machine.wait_until_succeeds(f"pgrep -f {i}")
+          for i in ["budgie-daemon", "budgie-panel", "budgie-wm", "bsd-media-keys", "gsd-xsettings"]:
+              machine.wait_until_succeeds(f"pgrep {i}")
+          machine.wait_until_succeeds("pgrep -xf /run/current-system/sw/bin/org.buddiesofbudgie.budgie-desktop-view")
           # We don't check xwininfo for budgie-wm.
           # See https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/216737#discussion_r1155312754
           machine.wait_for_window("budgie-daemon")
           machine.wait_for_window("budgie-panel")
 
       with subtest("Check if various environment variables are set"):
           cmd = "xargs --null --max-args=1 echo < /proc/$(pgrep -xf /run/current-system/sw/bin/budgie-wm)/environ"
-          machine.succeed(f"{cmd} | grep 'XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP' | grep 'Budgie:GNOME'")
+          machine.succeed(f"{cmd} | grep 'XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP' | grep 'Budgie'")
           machine.succeed(f"{cmd} | grep 'BUDGIE_PLUGIN_DATADIR' | grep '${pkgs.budgie-desktop-with-plugins.pname}'")
           # From the nixos/budgie module
           machine.succeed(f"{cmd} | grep 'SSH_AUTH_SOCK' | grep 'gcr'")

diff --git a/nixos/tests/gnome-flashback.nix b/nixos/tests/gnome-flashback.nix
@@ -26,8 +26,17 @@
 
       services.desktopManager.gnome.enable = true;
       services.desktopManager.gnome.debug = true;
-      services.desktopManager.gnome.flashback.enableMetacity = true;
-      services.displayManager.defaultSession = "gnome-flashback-metacity";
+
+      services.desktopManager.gnome.flashback.customSessions = [
+        {
+          # Intentionally a different name to test mkSystemdTargetForWm.
+          wmName = "metacitytest";
+          wmLabel = "Metacity";
+          wmCommand = "${pkgs.metacity}/bin/metacity";
+          enableGnomePanel = true;
+        }
+      ];
+      services.displayManager.defaultSession = "gnome-flashback-metacitytest";
     };
 
   testScript =
@@ -40,7 +49,7 @@
     ''
       with subtest("Login to GNOME Flashback with GDM"):
           machine.wait_for_x()
-          machine.wait_until_succeeds('journalctl -t gnome-session-binary --grep "Entering running state"')
+          machine.wait_until_succeeds('journalctl -t gnome-session-service --grep "Entering running state"')
           # Wait for alice to be logged in"
           machine.wait_for_unit("default.target", "${user.name}")
           machine.wait_for_file("${xauthority}")

diff --git a/nixos/tests/pantheon.nix b/nixos/tests/pantheon.nix
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 
       with subtest("Login with elementary-greeter"):
           machine.send_chars("${user.password}\n")
-          machine.wait_until_succeeds('journalctl -t gnome-session-binary --grep "Entering running state"')
+          machine.wait_until_succeeds('journalctl -t gnome-session-service --grep "Entering running state"')
 
       with subtest("Wait for wayland server"):
           machine.wait_for_file("/run/user/${toString user.uid}/wayland-0")

diff --git a/pkgs/applications/networking/mailreaders/astroid/default.nix b/pkgs/applications/networking/mailreaders/astroid/default.nix
@@ -41,6 +41,11 @@ stdenv.mkDerivation (finalAttrs: {
   postPatch = ''
     sed -i "s~gvim ~${vim}/bin/vim -g ~g" src/config.cc
     sed -i "s~ -geom 10x10~~g" src/config.cc
+
+    # Switch to girepository-2.0
+    substituteInPlace src/plugin/gir_main.c \
+      --replace-fail "<girepository.h>" "<girepository/girepository.h>" \
+      --replace-fail "g_irepository_get_option_group" "gi_repository_get_option_group"
   '';
 
   nativeBuildInputs = [