refactor(consensus): feature activation mempool rules

[glevco]

Depends on #1568

Motivation

In preparation for new features that will undergo the Feature Activation process, this PR performs a refactor in how the consensus handles mempool rules for feature activations.

Acceptance Criteria

• Refactor ConsensusAlgorithm so it takes TransactionStorage as a dependency.
• Refactor ConsensusAlgorithm._compute_vertices_that_became_invalid so instead of retrieving features states individually for each feature, it uses a single _feature_activation_rules() method that takes all features into account. It uses the new unified Features.from_vertex method. The new use of a match guarantees that we won't forget to add feature handling here when new features are created.
• No changes in behavior.

Checklist

• If you are requesting a merge into master, confirm this code is production-ready and can be included in future releases as soon as it gets merged

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 78.26087% with 10 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 86.27%. Comparing base (a010288) to head (73d3e56).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
hathor/consensus/consensus.py	78.26%	7 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1569      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   86.33%   86.27%   -0.06%     
==========================================
  Files         437      437              
  Lines       33645    33662      +17     
  Branches     5258     5269      +11     
==========================================
- Hits        29047    29042       -5     
- Misses       3594     3611      +17     
- Partials     1004     1009       +5     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.

The base branch was changed.

[github-actions]

Bencher Report

Branch	refactor/consensus-features
Testbed	ubuntu-22.04

Click to view all benchmark results

Benchmark	Latency	Benchmark Result minutes (m) (Result Δ%)	Lower Boundary minutes (m) (Limit %)	Upper Boundary minutes (m) (Limit %)
sync-v2 (up to 20000 blocks)	📈 view plot 🚷 view threshold	1.69 m (-1.76%) Baseline: 1.72 m	1.55 m (91.61%)	2.06 m (81.86%)

🐰 View full continuous benchmarking report in Bencher