ci: Cherry-pick prestodb/presto#13361 to use pre-commit for quality checks; Fix compilation caching by using cache on runner.

[anlowee]

Description

As mentioned in #8 , for header and format check, we will apply this commit, which also uses a new way to implement ccache.

Checklist

• The PR satisfies the contribution guidelines.
• This is a breaking change and that has been indicated in the PR title, OR this isn't a
  breaking change.
• Necessary docs have been updated, OR no docs need to be updated.

Validation performed

Passed the CI.

Summary by CodeRabbit

Summary by CodeRabbit

• New Features

  • Introduced pre-commit hook configuration for automated code formatting, linting, and license checks.
  • Added a new workflow to run pre-commit checks on pull requests.
  • Added an internal Spark function to trim trailing spaces and enforce string length limits.

• Documentation

  • Updated code style and contribution documentation to reference pre-commit usage.
  • Added and updated license headers in various files.
  • Made minor corrections to documentation formatting and whitespace.

• Refactor

  • Removed Makefile targets and scripts related to formatting, header checks, and Docker container builds, consolidating these tasks under pre-commit.
  • Updated type annotations in Python stubs to use modern generic types.

• Style

  • Standardized YAML, CMake, and workflow file formatting.
  • Applied consistent whitespace and formatting across code, configuration, and documentation files.
  • Improved formatting of output stream concatenations in generated code.

• Chores

  • Added and updated configuration files for static analysis, formatting, and linting tools.
  • Cleaned up unused imports and minor code formatting in scripts and tests.
  • Removed deprecated scripts for git clang-format and code checks.

• Bug Fixes

  • Fixed minor typographical errors and corrected trailing whitespace in various files.

• Tests

  • Updated test files with improved variable naming conventions and formatting.