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# 第一章 分子生物学简介 | ||
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## 1 概念 | ||
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广义上:在分子水平上解释生物学现象。起源于遗传学和生物化学的发展。 | ||
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基因是染色体的一部分 | ||
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## 2 发展 | ||
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分子遗传学,研究基因的结构和功能。 | ||
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翻译在核糖体上进行的 | ||
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测序技术 | ||
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PCR技术 | ||
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酶的化学本质是蛋白质 | ||
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# 第一章 生物信息学简介 | ||
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## 1 概念 | ||
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采用数理和信息科学的理论、技术和方法,分析生物学数据,研究生命现象的一门学科。 | ||
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以计算机为主要工具,以大量生物数据库和分析软件为基础。 | ||
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依赖于因特网; | ||
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为人类揭示生命的奥秘提供了一条全新的途径。 | ||
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生物信息学的研究内容: | ||
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收集、整理、储存、加工、发布和分析生物学数据 | ||
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建立生物数据库,数据库检索 | ||
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各种数据检索工具的开发和使用: | ||
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(1)Entrez检索体系 | ||
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(2)BLAST检索体系 | ||
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生物大分子序列分析 | ||
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![image-20210311150857949](https://gitee.com/wugenqiang/images/raw/master/02/image-20210311150857949.png) | ||
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统计概率模型 | ||
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![image-20210311150953212](https://gitee.com/wugenqiang/images/raw/master/02/image-20210311150953212.png) | ||
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中心法则 | ||
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![image-20210311140801403](https://gitee.com/wugenqiang/images/raw/master/02/image-20210311140801403.png) | ||
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DNA的自我复制,DNA转录成RNA,RNA再翻译成蛋白质的过程 | ||
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Biological data format 生物数据格式 | ||
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(1)A、C、T、G四种碱基组成的核酸序列 | ||
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(2)20种氨基酸残基组成的蛋白质序列 | ||
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Fasta format格式 | ||
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NCBI的御用格式:Genbank格式 | ||
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