Add shell.nix for ad-hoc development environments

[supersven]

There seems to be no direnv plugin for VSCode that works with remotes.
(I haven't checked the local / non-remote case.)
This commit introduces a shell.nix file that depends on the same package
list as direnv.nix, but uses mkShell instead of buildEnv to create the
environment. This works fine with nix-shell itself and VSCode's
'Nix Environment Selector' plugin.

Checklist

• The PR Title explains the impact of the change.
• The PR description provides context as to why the change should occur and what the code contributes to that effect. This could also be a link to a JIRA ticket or a Github issue, if there is one.
• If HTTP endpoint paths have been added or renamed, the endpoint / config-flag checklist (see Wire-employee only backend wiki page) has been followed.
• If a cassandra schema migration has been added, I ran make git-add-cassandra-schema to update the cassandra schema documentation.
• changelog.d contains the following bits of information (details):
  • A file with the changelog entry in one or more suitable sub-sections. The sub-sections are marked by directories inside changelog.d.
  • If new config options introduced: added usage description under docs/reference/config-options.md
  • If new config options introduced: recommended measures to be taken by on-premise instance operators.
  • If a cassandra schema migration is backwards incompatible (see also these docs), measures to be taken by on-premise instance operators are explained.
  • If a data migration (not schema migration) introduced: measures to be taken by on-premise instance operators.
  • If public end-points have been changed or added: does nginz need un upgrade?
  • If internal end-points have been added or changed: which services have to be deployed in a specific order?