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DrW3RK merged 2 commits into from
Oct 25, 2022
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Improve Staking Miner intro #3973

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Improve Staking Miner intro
DrW3RK Oct 21, 2022
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Update docs/learn/learn-staking-miner.md
DrW3RK Oct 25, 2022
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25 changes: 15 additions & 10 deletions docs/learn/learn-staking-miner.md
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Expand Up @@ -11,20 +11,25 @@ import RPC from "./../../components/RPC-Connection";

:::caution

The staking-miner code is experimental and it is still in development phase. Use is at your own
The staking-miner code is experimental and it is still in the development phase. Use is at your own
discretion, as there is a risk of losing some funds.

:::

The staking miner is a passive validator functionality which runs when a new set of validators need
to be elected for NPoS. This is a computationally intense process, hence the mining. Staking miners
compete with each other to produce election solutions which consist of a validator set, stake
distribution across that set, and a score indicating how optimal the solution is. Staking miners run
the any given staking algortihms(as of now, sequential Phragmén or PhragMMS, this is subject to
change if improved algorithms are introduced) to produce results, and the result is then sent as a
transaction to the relay chain via a normal signed extrinsic. The transaction requires a bond, and a
transaction fee. The best solution is rewarded which in the least covers the transaction fee, and
the bond is returned to the account. If the solution is not valid, the bond and the fee are lost.
At the end of each era on Polkadot and Kusama, using [NPoS](learn-phragmen), a new set of validators
must be elected based on the nominator preferences. This is a computationally intensive process, hence
the usage of the term "mining" for computing the solution. The validators use
[off-chain workers](https://docs.substrate.io/reference/how-to-guides/offchain-workers/) to
compute the result and submit a transaction to propose the set of winners. This can also be delegated
to stand-alone programs, whose task is to mine the optimal solution. Staking miners compete with each other
to produce election solutions which consist of a validator set, stake distribution across that set, and a score
indicating how optimal the solution is. Staking miners run any given staking algorithms (as of now,
sequential Phragmén or PhragMMS, subject to change if improved algorithms are introduced) to produce results,
which are then sent as a transaction to the relay chain via a normal signed extrinsic. The transaction
requires a bond and a transaction fee. The best solution is rewarded, which the least covers the
transaction fee, and the bond is returned to the account. The bond and the fee are lost if the solution
is invalid.


Staking miner uses a pallet called `pallet_election_provider_multi_phase` and can only produce
solutions during the
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