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[DeepSeek-V4.1] Enable Engram disk offload for memory-constrained nodes - #62238

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@abdmalik-amd abdmalik-amd commented Oct 18, 2026 •

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Purpose

DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash's Engram tables are about 197 GB, so they fit neither in GPU memory nor, with cpu_offload, in host memory on a 128 GB node. At TP=4, each rank owns about 50 GB of table rows on top of about 78 GB of weights. On an APU (Strix Halo, DGX Spark), host and GPU memory are the same RAM.

This PR adds --engram-config '{"disk_offload": true}'. The tables stay in the checkpoint's safetensors files:

  • After loading, each rank memory-maps only its own row range, located through the safetensors header.
  • Each step it gathers the distinct rows it needs through the page cache and copies them into fixed GPU buffers.
  • The existing _engram_lookup_kernel (SORTED mode) runs over that compact table, so results are bit-identical to the in-memory table.

The gather needs the hash ids on the host, so the lookup is an @eager_break_during_capture segment. It runs with --enforce-eager, or with VLLM_USE_BREAKABLE_CUDAGRAPH=1 -cc.cudagraph_mode=PIECEWISE. Startup rejects other graph modes, the host-memory options, and models other than DeepSeek V4.1.

The change is in the shared Engram code and is not tied to a platform. It was tested on gfx1151 and should equally serve CUDA unified-memory machines such as DGX Spark (not tested there).

Duplicate-work check

Test Plan

pytest tests/kernels/test_engram.py -k "disk or reconstruct or matches_torch or rejects_empty or prepared_rows"
pytest tests/test_config.py -k engram

New tests check bit-exact lookups at TP 1/2/4/8 for single-file and sharded checkpoints, and a breakable-graph capture plus replay.

End-to-end: deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash-1017 on 4x Strix Halo (gfx1151, 128 GB), TP=4 over Ray, --enforce-eager.

Test Result

test_engram.py   64 passed, 12 skipped   (gfx1151)
test_config.py   49 passed

On main the model does not load on these nodes: the Ray worker dies pinning its ~47 GiB of table rows. With disk_offload:

table rows mapped per rank 2 x 23.6 GiB
KV cache 1.74M tokens
decode / prefill tok/s (tg128 / pp2048) 11.0 / 208
GSM8K, first 100 97/100

Graph mode is covered by the unit test only. On this cluster (RCCL over TCP), graph mode hangs on the first request in a collective; the same hang occurred with DeepSeek-V4-Flash on stock kernels.

AI assistance

AI assistance was used for this change. The submitting human has reviewed every changed line and ran the tests reported above.

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@mergify

mergify Bot commented Oct 18, 2026

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Documentation preview: https://vllm--62238.org.readthedocs.build/en/62238/

@mergify mergify Bot added documentation Improvements or additions to documentation deepseek Related to DeepSeek models DSv4.1 Related to DeepSeek-V4.1 models labels Oct 18, 2026
@mergify

mergify Bot commented Oct 19, 2026

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This pull request has merge conflicts that must be resolved before it can be
merged. Please rebase the PR, @abdmalik-amd.

https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/working-with-forks/syncing-a-fork

@mergify mergify Bot added the needs-rebase label Oct 19, 2026
Add EngramConfig.disk_offload for DeepSeek V4.1. The Engram tables stay in
the checkpoint's safetensors files: after loading, each rank memory-maps its
own row range, and each step gathers the distinct rows it needs through the
page cache into fixed GPU buffers, where the existing lookup kernel (SORTED
mode) reads them. Results are bit-identical to the in-memory table.

The lookup is an eager break, so it runs eagerly or under breakable
PIECEWISE CUDA graphs; other graph modes are rejected at startup.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Abdullah Malik <abdmalik@amd.com>

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