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[Core][KV Offload] Service the P2P control plane while the engine waits on the model - #57165

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nilig wants to merge 2 commits into
vllm-project:mainfrom
nilig:p2p/control-plane-off-step
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nilig wants to merge 2 commits into
vllm-project:mainfrom
nilig:p2p/control-plane-off-step

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@nilig

@nilig nilig commented Sep 16, 2026

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Purpose

Addresses #55179. Companion to #55962 (@Etelis) and #57139 (@liranschour), which target the same issue; the comparison with both is below.

The P2P secondary tier services its control socket and answers peer lookups only from the per-step scheduler hooks (on_schedule_end -> get_finished_jobs -> _poll_once, then serve_external_requests), so on a source rank busy with long prefills every control-plane round trip waits for a step boundary. Measured on GLM-5.2-FP8 (DP8/TP1, 8xH200 prefill pods, 64 GiB CPU tier, NIXL 1.4.1) with trace stamps on both peers: a pull from a source loaded with three 115K-token prefills spends 2.5-2.9 s in lookup delay, of which the LookupMsg sits in the server queue until the next step (0.55-0.61 s) and the FetchMsg is dispatched at the step after (0.45-0.50 s), against 0.1-0.2 s of data movement. Registration of the peer's NIXL metadata (add_remote_agent plus prep_xfer_dlist over 19,599 blocks) is 14-40 ms per side and is not the stall.

Change

Two independent commits:

  1. Register peers off the scheduler thread. DataTransport.add_remote_peer_async (default: inline, completed future). NixlTransport runs it on a single-worker executor and opens the agent with nixl_agent_config(sync_mode=NIXL_THREAD_SYNC_STRICT) so registration may overlap transfer calls from the scheduler thread (the NIXL 1.4.1 wrapper applies sync_mode when it is set). P2PSession sends ConnectAck once the registration completes, rejects the peer if it fails, and counts a pending registration as pending work. remove_remote_peer waits for an in-flight registration of that peer so a late completion cannot leave a registered peer without a session.
  2. Service connector work while waiting on the model. KVConnectorBase_V1.poll_pending_work() (default no-op; MultiConnector forwards; OffloadingConnector -> TieringOffloadingManager, which runs the same sweep on_schedule_end runs: collect finished jobs, serve external requests). EngineCore owns a ConnectorPoller thread that sweeps every 5 ms only while the engine core thread is blocked in future.result(); a lock hands the connector between the two threads, so the connector is never entered concurrently, and a sweep exception is re-raised on the engine core thread. future.result() stays on the engine thread; no executor or worker change.

Comparison with #55962 and #57139

#57139 #55962 (+ c5bfb39d3) this PR
registration off the scheduler thread yes (generation guard against the reap race) yes yes (remove_remote_peer waits for the in-flight registration)
control plane serviced during the model wait no yes: get_model_wait_callback() fetched once at init, run on the scheduler thread every 10 ms while future.result() runs on a one-worker ThreadPoolExecutor yes: poll_pending_work() called every 5 ms from a ConnectorPoller thread while the scheduler thread stays in future.result(); hand-over under a lock
connector API change none one method on KVConnectorBase_V1 one method on KVConnectorBase_V1
executor API change none Executor.init_output_thread() + uniproc implementation (the model wait moves to a helper thread that needs the device set) none
connector threading contract unchanged unchanged (connector code stays on the scheduler thread) the connector's poll runs on a second thread, exclusive by construction
NIXL sync mode default NIXL_THREAD_SYNC_RW NIXL_THREAD_SYNC_STRICT
DP execute_dummy_batch() wait serviced no no no (follow-up)

Both #55962 and this PR add one connector method; #55962 also adds an executor hook, which is the price of keeping connectors single-threaded. If reviewers prefer no connector-API change at all, the alternative is a servicer thread and lock inside TieringOffloadingManager; that is a larger change inside the offloading stack and is not in this PR.

Known gaps

Test Plan

pytest tests/v1/kv_offload/tiering tests/v1/engine/test_connector_poller.py
  • tests/v1/engine/test_connector_poller.py: sweeps only while waiting, sweep error re-raised on the engine thread, future exception propagated.
  • tests/v1/kv_offload/tiering/p2p/test_sessions.py, test_manager.py, test_data_transport.py: deferred ack, failed registration rejects the peer, pending registration counts as pending work, remove waits for an in-flight registration, agent opened in strict sync mode.
  • tests/v1/kv_offload/tiering/test_tiering_offloading.py: poll_pending_work runs the finished-job sweep and serves external requests without consuming the per-step gate.

Live: GLM-5.2-FP8 P2P cell (two prefill pods DP8/TP1 on 8xH200 nodes, a decode pair, MultiConnector(NixlConnector, OffloadingConnector) with the P2P secondary tier, NIXL 1.4.1). Each arm is a backport onto the same 6f91edf9 base with the same local hotfixes, one boot per arm, same case chain: a seed prefill on a source rank, then a follow-up on another pod that pulls it. Busy cases load the source rank with three 115K-token prefills before the pull. Metric: the destination's kv_offload_lookup_async_delay_seconds, first deferred lookup until the scheduler observes a resolved result. n=1 per case.

Test Result

Unit: 393 passed, 1 skipped on af1c01499 plus these two commits.

Lookup delay per case and arm:

case baseline (no patch) #57139 #55962 as first submitted (registration active, callback inert) #55962 + c5bfb39d3 this PR
first pull, cold destination 10.5-10.7 s 10.56 s 10.63 s 10.74 s 10.54 s
idle-warm 1 0.63 s 0.58 s 0.63 s 0.57 s 0.59 s
idle-warm 2 0.94 s 0.59 s 0.94 s 0.91 s 0.60 s
busy-warm 1 2.46 s 1.96 s 2.47 s 0.65 s 0.59 s
busy-warm 2 2.88 s 2.17 s 2.05 s 0.60 s 0.69 s
busy-cold 0.99-3.19 s 3.69 s 3.19 s 0.88 s 0.99 s
router-driven, all 8 source ranks saturated 4.04 s (TTFT 7.09 s) not measured 4.52 s (TTFT 7.57 s) 0.94 s (TTFT 3.68 s) 0.98 s (TTFT 3.07 s)

The two implementations that service the control plane during the model wait land within 0.1 s of each other on every busy row; registration alone leaves the busy rows in the baseline band.

Decode-side cost of servicing the control plane during the wait (4,096-token prompts, 512 output tokens, ignore_eos, three rounds per block, same prompts, P2P tier configured, no pulls during the probe), measured on the #55962 variant of the mechanism:

block without with
8 concurrent, client TPOT median / p90 10.12 / 10.73 ms 10.08 / 10.90 ms
32 concurrent, client TPOT median / p90 12.31 / 18.20 ms 11.97 / 15.87 ms
8 concurrent repeat 9.69 / 10.67 ms 10.12 / 11.16 ms

The arm-to-arm difference is within the block-to-block difference of one arm; zero preemptions in every block.

P2PSession._on_connect registered the peer's NIXL metadata synchronously
before sending ConnectAck: add_remote_agent plus one descriptor per CPU
block (19,599 at a 64 GiB tier). Measured with trace stamps on both peers
this is 14-40 ms per side, so it is not the source of the multi-second
stalls in vllm-project#55179, but it still holds a scheduling iteration on both peers
for every new session and delays the acknowledgement the peer's first
lookup waits behind.

NixlTransport runs add_remote_peer on a single-worker executor and opens
the agent in NIXL_THREAD_SYNC_STRICT (nixl_agent_config.sync_mode, NIXL
1.4.1) so registration may overlap transfer calls from the scheduler
thread. The session sends ConnectAck once the future completes, rejects
the peer if it fails, and reports the pending registration as pending
work so an idle engine keeps ticking until the ack goes out.

Signed-off-by: nilig <nili.ifergan@gmail.com>
The offloading connector drains its secondary tiers and serves peer
lookups only from the per-step scheduler hooks. On a source rank busy with
long prefills every P2P control-plane round trip therefore waits for a
step boundary: measured on GLM-5.2-FP8 (DP8, 8xH200 prefill pods, 64 GiB
CPU tier), a pull from a source loaded with three 115K-token prefills
spends 2.5-2.9 s in lookup delay against 0.1-0.2 s of data movement, the
LookupMsg sitting in the server queue until the next step (0.55-0.61 s)
and the FetchMsg dispatched at the step after (0.45-0.50 s).

KVConnectorBase_V1.poll_pending_work is a scheduler-side hook that the
tiering manager implements as the same sweep on_schedule_end runs.
EngineCore drives it from a ConnectorPoller thread that is active only
while the engine core thread is blocked in future.result(), with a lock
that hands the connector between the two threads, so the connector is
never entered concurrently and the executor futures need no timed wait.
With it the same busy-source pulls measure 0.59-0.69 s of lookup delay.

The dummy-batch wait of the data-parallel loop (execute_dummy_batch) is
not routed through the poller yet; a rank holding only a deferred request
still services the control plane once per dummy batch.

Signed-off-by: nilig <nili.ifergan@gmail.com>
@mergify mergify Bot added the kv-connector label Sep 16, 2026
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