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[Bugfix][Core] Retire Mamba states across null gaps - #55450

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ZJY0516 merged 5 commits into
vllm-project:mainfrom
lucamotz:codex/mamba-sparse-retirement
Sep 11, 2026
Merged

ZJY0516 merged 5 commits into
vllm-project:mainfrom
lucamotz:codex/mamba-sparse-retirement

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@lucamotz

@lucamotz lucamotz commented Sep 5, 2026

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Purpose

Fix align-mode Mamba retirement stopping at null gaps and leaking older states. Track the retired prefix to avoid rescanning it.

Split from #55435. #54076 changes chunk splitting; #53803 changes checkpoint retention. Neither fixes this leak. AI-assisted contribution.

Test Plan

.venv/bin/python -m pytest \
  tests/v1/core/test_single_type_kv_cache_manager.py \
  tests/v1/core/test_deferred_block_free.py \
  tests/v1/core/test_swa_inflight_window_free.py \
  tests/v1/core/test_mamba_align_chunk_split.py \
  tests/v1/core/prefix_cache -q --tb=short
pre-commit run --files vllm/v1/core/single_type_kv_cache_manager.py tests/v1/core/test_single_type_kv_cache_manager.py

Test Result

  • 147 passed; pre-commit passed.
  • Manager tests on DGX Spark (CPU-only): main 144e79c 3 failed, 19 passed → PR 22 passed.
  • 480k-token prefill replay, 8192 batch budget, MTP5: with 3584-token blocks and 1/2 in-flight chunks, peak states per group 71 → 8/9. With 4608-token blocks, unchanged at 8/9.

DGX Spark replay with the real GLM-5.3-Flash TP2/MTP5 cache layout, 3,584-token blocks and two in-flight chunks:

Peak retained blocks per Mamba group Logical pool capacity held
Base 9ea8f3f 71 2,006.44 MiB
PR 98ae7c0 9 254.34 MiB

Each shared pool block accounts for 29,632,512 bytes (2,351,104 bytes per padded Mamba layer page), recovering 1,752.11 MiB/group. Both arms return all blocks on cleanup;

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No actionable comments were generated in the recent review. 🎉

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📒 Files selected for processing (2)
  • tests/v1/core/test_single_type_kv_cache_manager.py
  • vllm/v1/core/single_type_kv_cache_manager.py

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Walkthrough

Mamba align-mode allocation now validates absolute checkpoint positions, manages speculative capacity, preserves exact hash boundaries during offload, and retires null-gap ranges without reprocessing. Tests cover bounded prefill state, reference counts, free-pool accounting, cleanup, and block reuse.

Changes

Mamba cache management

Layer / File(s) Summary
Track and retire aligned block ranges
vllm/v1/core/single_type_kv_cache_manager.py, tests/v1/core/test_single_type_kv_cache_manager.py
MambaManager tracks retired ranges, skips null gaps, frees eligible blocks, and clears per-request state. Tests verify repeated retirement, reference counts, free-pool accounting, cleanup, and reuse.
Validate and reserve checkpoint state
vllm/v1/core/single_type_kv_cache_manager.py, tests/v1/core/test_single_type_kv_cache_manager.py
Allocation computes absolute checkpoint positions, validates eligibility, manages speculative blocks, and bounds retained prefill state. Parameterized tests cover block sizes and in-flight lag values.
Preserve checkpoint hash boundaries
vllm/v1/core/single_type_kv_cache_manager.py
Offloads use exact cached hash boundaries. Reserved checkpoint blocks are re-keyed at validated absolute checkpoint positions.

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to 6ece8

This change retires Mamba states across null gaps while retaining active states, with targeted coverage for cleanup, reuse, and bounded prefill retention. No current merge-blocking risk is identified.

Suggested reviewers: zeldahuang, zjy0516

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 11.11% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 9 functions across 2 files. Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly identifies the bugfix and the main change: Mamba state retirement across null gaps.
Description check ✅ Passed The description directly explains the null-gap retirement bug, the implemented fix, and the validation results.
✨ Finishing Touches 💡 1
🛠️ Fix failing CI checks 💡
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  • Commit on current branch

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Claude Code Review

This pull request is from a fork — automated review is disabled. A repository maintainer can comment @claude review to run a one-time review.

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@mergify

mergify Bot commented Sep 6, 2026

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This pull request has merge conflicts that must be resolved before it can be
merged. Please rebase the PR, @lucamotz.

https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/working-with-forks/syncing-a-fork

@mergify mergify Bot added the needs-rebase label Sep 6, 2026
@lucamotz
lucamotz force-pushed the codex/mamba-sparse-retirement branch from 8fd4dad to 6ece8e3 Compare September 6, 2026 06:05
@mergify mergify Bot removed the needs-rebase label Sep 6, 2026
@lucamotz

lucamotz commented Sep 6, 2026

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@ZJY0516 quick ping because you just merged the same area of code into main, and I just rebased onto that. You are probably very familiar with this right now.

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This pull request has merge conflicts that must be resolved before it can be
merged. Please rebase the PR, @lucamotz.

https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/working-with-forks/syncing-a-fork

@mergify mergify Bot added the needs-rebase label Sep 8, 2026
Co-authored-by: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>
Signed-off-by: Luca Motz <luca.motz@icloud.com>
@ZJY0516 ZJY0516 added the ready ONLY add when PR is ready to merge/full CI is needed label Sep 9, 2026
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✅ Queued 2 failed job(s) for retry in Buildkite CI #87843.

@lucamotz

lucamotz commented Sep 9, 2026

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@ZJY0516 would it be okay for me to update the E2E test expectations as part of this PR? I believe the failures are caused by the intentional change in Mamba block retirement, but I don’t want to overstep if updating those tests is something you’d prefer a maintainer to handle.

edit: I checked a few similar examples and it seems like changing existing E2E tests is okay. Went ahead and did the small change

Co-authored-by: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>
Signed-off-by: Luca Motz <luca.motz@icloud.com>
@lucamotz

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/ci retry

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✅ Triggered Buildkite CI #87947 for commit bf2e6f5198f3, running 2 failed step(s) from Buildkite CI #87843.

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lucamotz commented Sep 9, 2026

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/ci run

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✅ Triggered Buildkite CI #87950 for commit bf2e6f5198f3.

@lucamotz

lucamotz commented Sep 9, 2026

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@ZJY0516 fixed the CI issue and it’s now ready to merge!
Thanks for the review and let me know if anything needs changing.

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/ci run

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✅ Triggered Buildkite CI #88101 for commit 22230a473edb.

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@ZJY0516 Those test failures are unrelated. Can we merge despite the failures?

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/ci retry

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✅ Triggered Buildkite CI #88267 for commit f94db729c259, running 3 failed step(s) from Buildkite CI #88101.

@ZJY0516
ZJY0516 merged commit fadfe1c into vllm-project:main Sep 11, 2026
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Additional independent reproduction on v0.29.0, RTX 5090 / WSL2, a Qwen3.5-architecture 27B ModelOpt NVFP4 checkpoint, without MTP/speculative decoding. This was diagnosed locally before finding this PR; no duplicate fix PR is being opened.

Configuration: MRV2, async scheduling, prefix caching, FP8 KV, max-model-len=262144, max-num-batched-tokens=4096, max-num-seqs=16, gpu-memory-utilization=0.94. The scheduler block size is 1568, with 3136-token prefill chunks.

For the same 237000-token cold request, an independently implemented Mamba-only null-gap retirement fix gave:

v0.29.0 Local fix
Scheduled prefill tokens, including recomputation 437704 237000
Prefill steps 141 77
Computed-token progress rollbacks 2 0
TTFT 148.952 s 85.932 s

Both runs used identical scheduler tracing. Separate uninstrumented fixed runs at three needle positions took 86.001 / 86.108 / 86.011 s and returned correct answers. A 262000-token input and four concurrent branches sharing a 180K history also passed; fixed validation runs recorded zero preemptions. Disabling async scheduling on unmodified v0.29.0 also avoided the long-prefill slowdown, with lower short-request throughput.

After finding this PR, its manager regressions were adapted to the real v0.29.0 MambaManager/BlockPool, adding 1568/4096/no-spec and shared-reference cases. Across 11 CPU cases:

  • Original v0.29.0: 6 failed, 5 passed. At 1568-token blocks with 1/2 in-flight chunks, a 480K allocation replay held 153 states instead of 3/4.
  • Local fix: 11 passed.
  • This PR's three source changes backported to v0.29.0: 11 passed.

The serving measurements above are for the local fix, not a full-model evaluation of current main or the official backport. The backport was CPU-tested only. The v0.29.0 tag's original manager file matches the tested image byte-for-byte and lacks this fix. This supplies additional evidence for considering the fix in a 0.29 maintenance release, if one is planned.

AI assistance (Codex) was used for diagnosis, test execution, code comparison, and preparing this report.

voipmonitor pushed a commit to local-inference-lab/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 11, 2026
Backport Luca Motz upstream vllm-project#55450 at 98ae7c0 with focused sparse cleanup regressions.

Co-authored-by: Luca Motz <luca.motz@icloud.com>
voipmonitor added a commit to local-inference-lab/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 11, 2026
…llm-project#55450)

Preserve the reviewed source head 25fc358 and its contributor history.
The first parent records the ordered serving-source composition.
Whole-tree equality and installed-artifact verification are publication gates.

Review: #718
Assisted-by: OpenAI Codex
Signed-off-by: Martin Vit <martin@voipmonitor.org>
cpuchip added a commit to cpuchip/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 13, 2026
Mamba "align" prefix caching: retire state blocks across null gaps and stop
rescanning the retired prefix (backport of upstream vllm#55450, merged
2026-09-11, not in 0.29.0).
In align mode a long prefill leaves null gaps between the state snapshots
that await retirement. The base block remover walks backward and stops at
the first null block, so every state older than the gap stays allocated
until the request ends. Upstream measured 71 retained state blocks per
Mamba group where 8 or 9 is the bound (480k-token prefill, MTP), and the
same 71 reproduces on this tree with upstream test
test_mamba_retirement_bounds_prefill_states. MambaManager now overrides the
remover for align mode: skip nulls instead of stopping, and remember how
far retirement has reached so the prefix is not rescanned. States are
returned at request end either way; the cost is peak pool pressure during
long prefills, not a permanent leak.
Applies on top of mamba-align-checkpoint-order.patch.

Ported to 0.29.0 from the fork's PR#101 branch (syv-ai/qwen38-27b-rtx3090, patches/mamba-align-retire-null-gaps.patch at 07f791a): the override hunk applies unchanged; the field init and the free-path pop re-anchored around 0.29's _num_checkpoint_blocks. Upstream vllm-project#55450 is not in the v0.29.0 tag.

Signed-off-by: Michael Stufflebeam <cpuchip@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
cpuchip added a commit to cpuchip/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 14, 2026
Mamba "align" prefix caching: retire state blocks across null gaps and stop
rescanning the retired prefix (backport of upstream vllm#55450, merged
2026-09-11, not in 0.29.0).
In align mode a long prefill leaves null gaps between the state snapshots
that await retirement. The base block remover walks backward and stops at
the first null block, so every state older than the gap stays allocated
until the request ends. Upstream measured 71 retained state blocks per
Mamba group where 8 or 9 is the bound (480k-token prefill, MTP), and the
same 71 reproduces on this tree with upstream test
test_mamba_retirement_bounds_prefill_states. MambaManager now overrides the
remover for align mode: skip nulls instead of stopping, and remember how
far retirement has reached so the prefix is not rescanned. States are
returned at request end either way; the cost is peak pool pressure during
long prefills, not a permanent leak.
Applies on top of mamba-align-checkpoint-order.patch.

Ported to 0.29.0 from the fork's PR#101 branch (syv-ai/qwen38-27b-rtx3090, patches/mamba-align-retire-null-gaps.patch at 07f791a): the override hunk applies unchanged; the field init and the free-path pop re-anchored around 0.29's _num_checkpoint_blocks. Upstream vllm-project#55450 is not in the v0.29.0 tag.

Signed-off-by: Michael Stufflebeam <cpuchip@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
cpuchip added a commit to cpuchip/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 14, 2026
Mamba "align" prefix caching: retire state blocks across null gaps and stop
rescanning the retired prefix (backport of upstream vllm#55450, merged
2026-09-11, not in 0.29.0).
In align mode a long prefill leaves null gaps between the state snapshots
that await retirement. The base block remover walks backward and stops at
the first null block, so every state older than the gap stays allocated
until the request ends. Upstream measured 71 retained state blocks per
Mamba group where 8 or 9 is the bound (480k-token prefill, MTP), and the
same 71 reproduces on this tree with upstream test
test_mamba_retirement_bounds_prefill_states. MambaManager now overrides the
remover for align mode: skip nulls instead of stopping, and remember how
far retirement has reached so the prefix is not rescanned. States are
returned at request end either way; the cost is peak pool pressure during
long prefills, not a permanent leak.
Applies on top of mamba-align-checkpoint-order.patch.

Ported to 0.29.0 from the fork's PR#101 branch (syv-ai/qwen38-27b-rtx3090, patches/mamba-align-retire-null-gaps.patch at 07f791a): the override hunk applies unchanged; the field init and the free-path pop re-anchored around 0.29's _num_checkpoint_blocks. Upstream vllm-project#55450 is not in the v0.29.0 tag.

Signed-off-by: Michael Stufflebeam <cpuchip@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
cpuchip added a commit to cpuchip/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 14, 2026
Mamba "align" prefix caching: retire state blocks across null gaps and stop
rescanning the retired prefix (backport of upstream vllm#55450, merged
2026-09-11, not in 0.29.0).
In align mode a long prefill leaves null gaps between the state snapshots
that await retirement. The base block remover walks backward and stops at
the first null block, so every state older than the gap stays allocated
until the request ends. Upstream measured 71 retained state blocks per
Mamba group where 8 or 9 is the bound (480k-token prefill, MTP), and the
same 71 reproduces on this tree with upstream test
test_mamba_retirement_bounds_prefill_states. MambaManager now overrides the
remover for align mode: skip nulls instead of stopping, and remember how
far retirement has reached so the prefix is not rescanned. States are
returned at request end either way; the cost is peak pool pressure during
long prefills, not a permanent leak.
Applies on top of mamba-align-checkpoint-order.patch.

Ported to 0.29.0 from the fork's PR#101 branch (syv-ai/qwen38-27b-rtx3090, patches/mamba-align-retire-null-gaps.patch at 07f791a): the override hunk applies unchanged; the field init and the free-path pop re-anchored around 0.29's _num_checkpoint_blocks. Upstream vllm-project#55450 is not in the v0.29.0 tag.

Signed-off-by: Michael Stufflebeam <cpuchip@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
cpuchip added a commit to cpuchip/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 14, 2026
Mamba "align" prefix caching: retire state blocks across null gaps and stop
rescanning the retired prefix (backport of upstream vllm#55450, merged
2026-09-11, not in 0.29.0).
In align mode a long prefill leaves null gaps between the state snapshots
that await retirement. The base block remover walks backward and stops at
the first null block, so every state older than the gap stays allocated
until the request ends. Upstream measured 71 retained state blocks per
Mamba group where 8 or 9 is the bound (480k-token prefill, MTP), and the
same 71 reproduces on this tree with upstream test
test_mamba_retirement_bounds_prefill_states. MambaManager now overrides the
remover for align mode: skip nulls instead of stopping, and remember how
far retirement has reached so the prefix is not rescanned. States are
returned at request end either way; the cost is peak pool pressure during
long prefills, not a permanent leak.
Applies on top of mamba-align-checkpoint-order.patch.

Ported to 0.29.0 from the fork's PR#101 branch (syv-ai/qwen38-27b-rtx3090, patches/mamba-align-retire-null-gaps.patch at 07f791a): the override hunk applies unchanged; the field init and the free-path pop re-anchored around 0.29's _num_checkpoint_blocks. Upstream vllm-project#55450 is not in the v0.29.0 tag.

Signed-off-by: Michael Stufflebeam <cpuchip@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
cpuchip added a commit to cpuchip/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 14, 2026
Mamba "align" prefix caching: retire state blocks across null gaps and stop
rescanning the retired prefix (backport of upstream vllm#55450, merged
2026-09-11, not in 0.29.0).
In align mode a long prefill leaves null gaps between the state snapshots
that await retirement. The base block remover walks backward and stops at
the first null block, so every state older than the gap stays allocated
until the request ends. Upstream measured 71 retained state blocks per
Mamba group where 8 or 9 is the bound (480k-token prefill, MTP), and the
same 71 reproduces on this tree with upstream test
test_mamba_retirement_bounds_prefill_states. MambaManager now overrides the
remover for align mode: skip nulls instead of stopping, and remember how
far retirement has reached so the prefix is not rescanned. States are
returned at request end either way; the cost is peak pool pressure during
long prefills, not a permanent leak.
Applies on top of mamba-align-checkpoint-order.patch.

Ported to 0.29.0 from the fork's PR#101 branch (syv-ai/qwen38-27b-rtx3090, patches/mamba-align-retire-null-gaps.patch at 07f791a): the override hunk applies unchanged; the field init and the free-path pop re-anchored around 0.29's _num_checkpoint_blocks. Upstream vllm-project#55450 is not in the v0.29.0 tag.

Signed-off-by: Michael Stufflebeam <cpuchip@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
cpuchip added a commit to cpuchip/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 14, 2026
Mamba "align" prefix caching: retire state blocks across null gaps and stop
rescanning the retired prefix (backport of upstream vllm#55450, merged
2026-09-11, not in 0.29.0).
In align mode a long prefill leaves null gaps between the state snapshots
that await retirement. The base block remover walks backward and stops at
the first null block, so every state older than the gap stays allocated
until the request ends. Upstream measured 71 retained state blocks per
Mamba group where 8 or 9 is the bound (480k-token prefill, MTP), and the
same 71 reproduces on this tree with upstream test
test_mamba_retirement_bounds_prefill_states. MambaManager now overrides the
remover for align mode: skip nulls instead of stopping, and remember how
far retirement has reached so the prefix is not rescanned. States are
returned at request end either way; the cost is peak pool pressure during
long prefills, not a permanent leak.
Applies on top of mamba-align-checkpoint-order.patch.

Ported to 0.29.0 from the fork's PR#101 branch (syv-ai/qwen38-27b-rtx3090, patches/mamba-align-retire-null-gaps.patch at 07f791a): the override hunk applies unchanged; the field init and the free-path pop re-anchored around 0.29's _num_checkpoint_blocks. Upstream vllm-project#55450 is not in the v0.29.0 tag.

Signed-off-by: Michael Stufflebeam <cpuchip@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
ItsRoy69 pushed a commit to ItsRoy69/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 15, 2026
Signed-off-by: Luca Motz <luca.motz@icloud.com>
Co-authored-by: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>
Co-authored-by: mergify[bot] <37929162+mergify[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Cyrus Leung <tlleungac@connect.ust.hk>
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