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[Bugfix] Surface TorchCodec video decode failures as client errors - #52759

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dkrisman:fix/torchcodec-decode-client-error

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Purpose

TorchCodec raises RuntimeError when decoding user-supplied video bytes
fails. That exception type has no handler in the exception-handler registry
(ValueError/VLLMError map to 400; raw RuntimeError falls through to the
safety net), so the server returns HTTP 500 with an ASGI traceback for
what is a client-input problem.

The most common user-triggerable case: seek_mode="approximate" on a file
whose container metadata overstates the decodable frame count — e.g. any
stream-copied cut (ffmpeg -c copy). Frame sampling targets an index past
the real end and torchcodec raises Requested next frame while there are no more frames left to decode. Reproduced end-to-end on a Qwen3.8-27B-FP8
server: request → 500.

This PR converts RuntimeError from the torchcodec branch of
VideoBackend.load_bytes to ValueError (chained with from exc), exactly
mirroring the existing pattern in the pynvvideocodec backend
(raise ValueError("Invalid or unsupported video file.") from exc). When
seek_mode="approximate" is in effect, the message additionally tells the
user to retry with "exact":

HTTP 400
Failed to decode video with the torchcodec backend: Requested next frame
while there are no more frames left to decode. This can happen with
seek_mode='approximate' when the file's container metadata overstates the
decodable frame count; retry with seek_mode='exact'.

Bundled docs: the "Video Decoding Backend" section gains operational
guidance for the two TorchCodec knobs — when num_ffmpeg_threads=0
(default) beats 1 and vice versa, with measured numbers (768 frames of
1080p H.264 on 16 cores: ~10 s at 0 vs ~49 s at 1), and the
approximate-mode metadata caveat with its new client-error behavior.

Duplicate check

Searched open PRs/issues for torchcodec error handling and video decode
error mapping: no existing work. Related context: #46609 (torchcodec
backend introduction, where seek_mode exposure was discussed) and the
registry's own TODO to migrate raw-exception fallbacks to VLLMError.

Test Plan

  • New test_torchcodec_decode_failure_is_client_error in
    tests/multimodal/test_video.py: RuntimeError from the decoder surfaces
    as ValueError with the original exception chained; the seek-mode hint
    appears only when seek_mode="approximate".
  • pytest tests/multimodal/test_video.py -k torchcodec_decode_failure -q
  • pre-commit run --files <changed files>

Test Result

  • 1 passed; pre-commit all hooks pass (ruff, mypy, markdownlint, DCO).
  • E2E on a live Qwen3.8-27B-FP8 server (torchcodec backend): per-request
    media_io_kwargs: {"video": {"seek_mode": "approximate"}} on a
    stream-copied 60 s cut now returns the HTTP 400 above (previously 500 +
    ASGI traceback); the same file decodes fine with default exact
    (16.5 s request, 35,149 prompt tokens); unrelated requests unaffected.

AI Disclosure

Developed with AI assistance (Claude Fable 5). The human submitter has
reviewed every changed line and run the tests above.

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@mergify

mergify Bot commented Aug 18, 2026

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Documentation preview: https://vllm--52759.org.readthedocs.build/en/52759/

@mergify mergify Bot added documentation Improvements or additions to documentation multi-modality Related to multi-modality (#4194) bug Something isn't working labels Aug 18, 2026
@mergify

mergify Bot commented Aug 18, 2026

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This pull request has merge conflicts that must be resolved before it can be
merged. Please rebase the PR, @dkrisman.

https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/working-with-forks/syncing-a-fork

@mergify

mergify Bot commented Sep 3, 2026

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This pull request has merge conflicts that must be resolved before it can be
merged. Please rebase the PR, @dkrisman.

https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/working-with-forks/syncing-a-fork

@mergify mergify Bot added the needs-rebase label Sep 3, 2026
@dkrisman
dkrisman force-pushed the fix/torchcodec-decode-client-error branch from c848a69 to 1ee2f67 Compare September 3, 2026 18:28
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coderabbitai Bot commented Sep 3, 2026 •

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Review Change Stack

No actionable comments were generated in the recent review. 🎉

ℹ️ Recent review info
⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: Repository UI

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Team

Run ID: ebbf5983-8990-4ef0-8a63-6f989f3817df

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 21a2211 and 1ee2f67e86e30a6ea62a2f4ccea3ab4c252286a2.

📒 Files selected for processing (3)
  • docs/features/multimodal_inputs.md
  • tests/multimodal/test_video.py
  • vllm/multimodal/video_decoders/torchcodec.py

Included review availability: Your plan provides up to 10 included reviews per hour; 9 remain after this review.


📝 Summary

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • Bug Fixes

    • Video decoding failures caused by invalid user-provided media are now reported as client errors instead of server errors.
    • When approximate seeking fails, error messages now recommend retrying with exact seeking.
    • Improved handling of videos with inaccurate frame-count metadata.
  • Documentation

    • Clarified recommended FFmpeg thread settings for single-video throughput and highly concurrent workloads.
    • Documented when to use exact versus approximate video seeking.

Walkthrough

TorchCodec decode failures from user-provided video bytes now surface as client errors. Approximate seeking errors include guidance to retry with exact seeking. Documentation also explains FFmpeg thread settings for different concurrency levels.

Changes

TorchCodec decode error handling

Layer / File(s) Summary
Map decode failures to client errors
vllm/multimodal/video_decoders/torchcodec.py, tests/multimodal/test_video.py, docs/features/multimodal_inputs.md
decode_torchcodec converts decoder RuntimeError exceptions to ValueError. Tests verify the exception cause and approximate-seeking retry message. Documentation describes metadata-related failures in approximate mode.

TorchCodec thread settings documentation

Layer / File(s) Summary
Document FFmpeg thread selection
docs/features/multimodal_inputs.md
The documentation explains the throughput and concurrency behavior of num_ffmpeg_threads=0 and num_ffmpeg_threads=1.

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~20 minutes

Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to 1ee2f

TorchCodec failures from invalid or unsupported video now return client errors instead of server errors, with a retry hint for approximate seeking. No current merge-blocking risk remains.

Suggested reviewers: isotr0py

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 50.00% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 4 functions across 2 files. (1 skipped: 1… Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description check ✅ Passed The description clearly explains the TorchCodec error-handling change, the HTTP 400 behavior, the approximate-seeking limitation, the test plan, and the documentation updates.
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly and concisely identifies the main change: surfacing TorchCodec video decode failures as client errors.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Full details: Docstring Coverage

Explanation

Docstring coverage is 50.00% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 4 functions across 2 files. (1 skipped: 1 unsupported.)

  • Fix all pre-merge checks with AI
✨ Finishing Touches 💡 1
🛠️ Fix failing CI checks 💡
  • Create stacked PR
  • Commit on current branch

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@mergify mergify Bot removed the needs-rebase label Sep 3, 2026
@mergify

mergify Bot commented Sep 11, 2026

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This pull request has merge conflicts that must be resolved before it can be
merged. Please rebase the PR, @dkrisman.

https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/working-with-forks/syncing-a-fork

@mergify mergify Bot added the needs-rebase label Sep 11, 2026
TorchCodec raises RuntimeError when decoding user-supplied video bytes
fails, which escapes the exception-handler registry's ValueError fallback
and returns HTTP 500 with an ASGI traceback. The pynvvideocodec backend
already converts its decode failures to ValueError (-> 400); do the same
for the torchcodec branch of VideoBackend.load_bytes, chaining the
original exception.

The most common user-triggerable case is seek_mode="approximate" on a
file whose container metadata overstates the decodable frame count
(e.g. stream-copied cuts made with ffmpeg -c copy): frame sampling
targets an index past the real end and torchcodec raises "Requested
next frame while there are no more frames left to decode." When
seek_mode is "approximate", the converted message tells the user to
retry with "exact".

Also extend the Video Decoding Backend docs with operational guidance:
when num_ffmpeg_threads=0 (default) beats 1 and vice versa, with
measured numbers (768 frames of 1080p H.264 on 16 cores: ~10 s at 0 vs
~49 s at 1), and the approximate-mode metadata caveat.

Co-authored-by: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Devon Krisman <git@krisman.dev>
@dkrisman
dkrisman force-pushed the fix/torchcodec-decode-client-error branch from 1ee2f67 to 1dc7926 Compare September 11, 2026 23:51
@dkrisman

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Rebased onto current main (988d9b6) to clear the Mergify conflict. Upstream added a device kwarg to make_torchcodec_decoder / decode_torchcodec_frames in the same lines this PR wraps; the rebase keeps upstream's calls intact inside the new try/except. No behavior change vs the previous revision. Re-verified: test_torchcodec_decode_failure_is_client_error passes, the CPU torchcodec test subset passes, pre-commit green.

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