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Fa/fix json schema + tool calls#41178

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Fa/fix json schema + tool calls#41178
faizsameerahmed96 wants to merge 3 commits into
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faizsameerahmed96:fa/fix-json-schema

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TODO

Signed-off-by: Faiz Ahmed <faizsameerahmed96@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Faiz Ahmed <faizsameerahmed96@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Faiz Ahmed <faizsameerahmed96@gmail.com>
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Claude Code Review

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@faizsameerahmed96 faizsameerahmed96 marked this pull request as draft April 29, 2026 00:35
@mergify mergify Bot added deepseek Related to DeepSeek models tool-calling labels Apr 29, 2026
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Code Review

This pull request introduces logic to handle structured output constraints when 'thinking' mode is enabled for DeepSeek V3 models, ensuring the </think> tag remains reachable by wrapping JSON schemas in a structural tag. Review feedback identifies several critical issues: the implementation in the reasoning parser misses direct structured_outputs parameters and both parsers overwrite the StructuredOutputsParams object, which causes the loss of user-defined settings like whitespace patterns. Additionally, the tool parser's request adjustment explicitly excludes ResponsesRequest, which may break tool calls for that specific API. It is recommended to use vllm.config.utils.replace to update parameters while preserving existing configurations.

Comment on lines +69 to +96
response_format = getattr(request, "response_format", None)
if response_format is None:
return request

if response_format.type == "json_schema":
json_schema = response_format.json_schema
assert json_schema is not None
schema = json_schema.json_schema
elif response_format.type == "json_object":
schema = {"type": "object"}
else:
return request

request.structured_outputs = StructuredOutputsParams(
structural_tag=json.dumps(
{
"triggers": [_THINKING_END_TRIGGER],
"structures": [
{
"begin": _THINKING_END_BEGIN,
"schema": schema,
"end": "",
}
],
}
)
)
request.response_format = None
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high

The adjust_request implementation has two significant issues:

  1. Missing structured_outputs support: It only checks request.response_format. If a user provides a JSON schema directly via the structured_outputs parameter (a common vLLM-specific usage), this logic is skipped, and the model will likely fail to close the reasoning block because the schema constraint will block the </think> tag.
  2. State Overwrite: It overwrites the entire request.structured_outputs object with a new one. This causes the loss of any other structured output settings the user might have provided (e.g., disable_any_whitespace, whitespace_pattern).

You should check both response_format and structured_outputs, and use vllm.config.utils.replace to update the parameters while preserving existing settings.

        response_format = getattr(request, "response_format", None)
        structured_outputs = getattr(request, "structured_outputs", None)

        schema = None
        if response_format is not None:
            if response_format.type == "json_schema":
                json_schema = response_format.json_schema
                assert json_schema is not None
                schema = json_schema.json_schema
            elif response_format.type == "json_object":
                schema = {"type": "object"}

        if schema is None and structured_outputs is not None:
            schema = structured_outputs.json
            if isinstance(schema, str):
                schema = json.loads(schema)

        if schema is None:
            return request

        from vllm.config.utils import replace
        new_structured_outputs = replace(
            structured_outputs or StructuredOutputsParams(),
            json=None,
            json_object=None,
            structural_tag=json.dumps(
                {
                    "triggers": [_THINKING_END_TRIGGER],
                    "structures": [
                        {
                            "begin": _THINKING_END_BEGIN,
                            "schema": schema,
                            "end": "",
                        }
                    ],
                }
            )
        )
        setattr(request, "structured_outputs", new_structured_outputs)
        if response_format is not None:
            setattr(request, "response_format", None)

# the schema in a structural tag so the FSM only engages after
# the model emits </think>\n\n. See vllm-project/vllm#33215.
if (
isinstance(request, ChatCompletionRequest)
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high

The isinstance(request, ChatCompletionRequest) check explicitly excludes ResponsesRequest. Since ResponsesRequest is a supported type for tool parsing in the base ToolParser class, this exclusion means tool calls will remain broken (the </think> tag will be unreachable in the constrained vocabulary) when using the Responses API with thinking enabled. If ResponsesRequest does not yet support structural_tag, this limitation should be addressed or at least documented.

Comment on lines +122 to +135
request.structured_outputs = StructuredOutputsParams(
structural_tag=json.dumps(
{
"triggers": [_THINKING_END_TRIGGER],
"structures": [
{
"begin": _THINKING_END_BEGIN,
"schema": schema,
"end": "",
}
],
}
)
)
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high

Overwriting request.structured_outputs with a new StructuredOutputsParams object will lose any other parameters set by the user (e.g., disable_any_whitespace). Use vllm.config.utils.replace to preserve existing settings while switching the constraint from json to structural_tag.

Suggested change
request.structured_outputs = StructuredOutputsParams(
structural_tag=json.dumps(
{
"triggers": [_THINKING_END_TRIGGER],
"structures": [
{
"begin": _THINKING_END_BEGIN,
"schema": schema,
"end": "",
}
],
}
)
)
from vllm.config.utils import replace
request.structured_outputs = replace(
request.structured_outputs,
json=None,
structural_tag=json.dumps(
{
"triggers": [_THINKING_END_TRIGGER],
"structures": [
{
"begin": _THINKING_END_BEGIN,
"schema": schema,
"end": "",
}
],
}
)
)

alexeldeib added a commit to alexeldeib/vllm that referenced this pull request May 31, 2026
ToolParser.adjust_request's strict structural-tag path (added in vllm-project#40894, gated by
VLLM_ENFORCE_STRICT_TOOL_CALLING) installs structural_tag on a pre-existing
StructuredOutputsParams via in-place attribute assignment and returns without
nulling response_format. The in-place set bypasses
StructuredOutputsParams.__post_init__, so the params keep a prior
mutually-exclusive constraint (json/regex/choice/grammar/json_object, or one
lowered from response_format) next to the new structural_tag. On the next
re-validation this trips the one-constraint invariant, so a strict-mode request
that also carries a structured-output constraint or a response_format fails with:

    ValueError: You can only use one kind of structured outputs constraint
    but multiple are specified

This affects any parser that installs a structural tag -- currently DeepSeek-V4
and Qwen3-Coder via get_structural_tag. The env var is off by default, and a
request with no pre-existing constraint is unaffected.

Fix: rebuild structured_outputs with only the structural tag (preserving the
whitespace / additional-properties knobs) and null response_format, mirroring
Step 2 of the same method. This "tool constraint wins, response_format dropped"
resolution already exists in Step 2, the DeepSeek-V3.2 override (vllm-project#41178), and for
required/auto in vllm-project#32006 / vllm-project#39969; the in-place-vs-rebuild trade-off was discussed
on vllm-project#40894 and vllm-project#43155 (whose Kimi path already rebuilds).

Repro / regression test (CPU, no model required):

    pytest tests/tool_use/test_strict_tool_calling_adjust_request.py

The added tests enable strict mode, give a parser a structural tag, and send
tools together with a response_format or a structured_outputs.json constraint
(tool_choice auto and required). On the pre-fix code adjust_request leaves two
constraints, and to_sampling_params raises the ValueError above; with this change
structured_outputs holds only the structural tag, response_format is None, and
the user's whitespace knobs are preserved. The conflict tests fail without this
patch and pass with it; the no-pre-existing-constraint case passes either way.

Equivalently over HTTP: with strict mode on, a tool_choice="auto" request that
also sets response_format returns HTTP 400 (the error above) before this change
and a normal tool call after; a required-tool request is unaffected because that
path already rebuilds.

Signed-off-by: Ace Eldeib <aeldeib@coreweave.com>
alexeldeib added a commit to alexeldeib/vllm that referenced this pull request May 31, 2026
ToolParser.adjust_request's strict structural-tag path (added in vllm-project#40894, gated by
VLLM_ENFORCE_STRICT_TOOL_CALLING) installs structural_tag on a pre-existing
StructuredOutputsParams via in-place attribute assignment and returns without
nulling response_format. The in-place set bypasses
StructuredOutputsParams.__post_init__, so the params keep a prior
mutually-exclusive constraint (json/regex/choice/grammar/json_object, or one
lowered from response_format) next to the new structural_tag. On the next
re-validation this trips the one-constraint invariant, so a strict-mode request
that also carries a structured-output constraint or a response_format fails with:

    ValueError: You can only use one kind of structured outputs constraint
    but multiple are specified

This affects any parser that installs a structural tag -- currently DeepSeek-V4
and Qwen3-Coder via get_structural_tag. The env var is off by default, and a
request with no pre-existing constraint is unaffected.

Fix: rebuild structured_outputs with only the structural tag (preserving the
whitespace / additional-properties knobs) and null response_format, mirroring
Step 2 of the same method. This "tool constraint wins, response_format dropped"
resolution already exists in Step 2 and the DeepSeek-V3.2 override (vllm-project#41178), and
is the intent of the open auto-path fix vllm-project#39969; the in-place-vs-rebuild trade-off
was discussed on vllm-project#40894 and vllm-project#43155 (whose Kimi path already rebuilds).

Repro / regression test (CPU, no model required):

    pytest tests/tool_use/test_strict_tool_calling_adjust_request.py

The added tests enable strict mode, give a parser a structural tag, and send
tools together with a response_format or a structured_outputs.json constraint
(tool_choice auto and required). On the pre-fix code adjust_request leaves two
constraints, and to_sampling_params raises the ValueError above; with this change
structured_outputs holds only the structural tag, response_format is None, and
the user's whitespace knobs are preserved. The conflict tests fail without this
patch and pass with it; the no-pre-existing-constraint case passes either way.

Equivalently over HTTP: with strict mode on, a tool_choice="auto" request that
also sets response_format returns HTTP 400 (the error above) before this change
and a normal tool call after; a required-tool request is unaffected because that
path already rebuilds.

Signed-off-by: Ace Eldeib <aeldeib@coreweave.com>
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