[release-20.0] Fix the install dependencies script in Docker (#16340)

[vitess-bot]

Description

This is a backport of #16340

[vitess-bot]

Review Checklist

Hello reviewers! 👋 Please follow this checklist when reviewing this Pull Request.

General

• Ensure that the Pull Request has a descriptive title.
• Ensure there is a link to an issue (except for internal cleanup and flaky test fixes), new features should have an RFC that documents use cases and test cases.

Tests

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Documentation

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Backward compatibility

• Protobuf changes should be wire-compatible.
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• vtctl command output order should be stable and awk-able.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 68.65%. Comparing base (3d14b31) to head (5d970d1).
Report is 1 commits behind head on release-20.0.

Additional details and impacted files

@@              Coverage Diff              @@
##           release-20.0   #16347   +/-   ##
=============================================
  Coverage         68.65%   68.65%           
=============================================
  Files              1541     1541           
  Lines            197830   197830           
=============================================
+ Hits             135826   135828    +2     
+ Misses            62004    62002    -2     

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