sync: Expose Semaphore::MAX_PERMITS and document some panics

Resolves #5129

tokio/src/sync/semaphore.rs

@@ -123,7 +123,14 @@ fn bounds() {
 }
 
 impl Semaphore {
+    /// The maximum number of permits which a semaphore can hold.
+    ///
+    /// Exceeding this limit typically results in a panic.
+    pub const MAX_PERMITS: usize = super::batch_semaphore::Semaphore::MAX_PERMITS;
+
     /// Creates a new semaphore with the initial number of permits.
+    ///
+    /// Panics if `permits` exceeds [`Semaphore::MAX_PERMITS`].
     #[track_caller]
     pub fn new(permits: usize) -> Self {
         #[cfg(all(tokio_unstable, feature = "tracing"))]
@@ -186,7 +193,7 @@ impl Semaphore {
 
     /// Adds `n` new permits to the semaphore.
     ///
-    /// The maximum number of permits is `usize::MAX >> 3`, and this function will panic if the limit is exceeded.
+    /// The maximum number of permits is [`Semaphore::MAX_PERMITS`], and this function will panic if the limit is exceeded.
     pub fn add_permits(&self, n: usize) {
         self.ll_sem.release(n);
     }