react-aria-modal

A fully accessible and flexible React modal built according WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices.

This module provides a minimally styled "container" component to wrap your fully-styled "presentational" component. It provides the following features, while giving you complete control of the content:

• Focus is trapped within the modal: Tab and Shift+Tab will cycle through the modal's focusable nodes without returning to the main document beneath.
• Escape will close the modal.
• Scrolling is frozen on the main document beneath the modal.
• When the modal closes, focus returns to the element that was focused just before the modal activated.
• The dialog element has an ARIA role of dialog (or alertdialog).
• The dialog element has an ARIA attribute designating its title, either aria-label or aria-labelledby.
• By default, clicking on the modal's underlay (outside the dialog element) will close the modal (this can be disabled).
• The modal is appended to the end of document.body instead of its taking up its source-order position within the React component tree.

"Flexible" mostly means that this module provides absolutely minimal inline styles — just enough to get the thing working — but does not provide "complete" modal styling that would get in your way. You get to (have to) style the dialog yourself. (Maybe make a fancy-looking modal module that others could use, which depends on this one behind the scenes?)

Check out the demo.

Project Goals

• Full accessibility
• Maximum flexibility
• Absolutely minimal styling
• Modular construction: this module is built on top of a few small JS modules that could be used by other React and non-React frontend components:
  • focus-trap, via focus-trap-react
  • no-scroll
  • react-displace

If you like this kind of module (accessible, flexible, unstyled) you should also check out these projects:

• react-aria-menubutton
• react-aria-tabpanel

Installation

npm install react-aria-modal

dist/react-aria-modal.js is the Babel-compiled file that you'll use.

React Dependency

Version 2+ is compatible with React >0.14.

Version 1+ is compatible with React 0.13.

Usage

Just provide the right props (see below) and pass the content of the modal as this component's child.

Look in demo/js/ for examples and view the demo, but here's a simple example:

const React = require('react');
const ReactDOM = require('react-dom');
const AriaModal = require('../../');

class DemoOne extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);

    this.state = {
      modalActive: false
    };

    this.activateModal = this.activateModal.bind(this);
    this.deactivateModal = this.deactivateModal.bind(this);
    this.getApplicationNode = this.getApplicationNode.bind(this);
  }

  activateModal = () => {
    this.setState({ modalActive: true });
  };

  deactivateModal = () => {
    this.setState({ modalActive: false });
  };

  getApplicationNode = () => {
    return document.getElementById('application');
  };

  render() {
    const modal = this.state.modalActive
      ? <AriaModal
          titleText="demo one"
          onExit={this.deactivateModal}
          initialFocus="#demo-one-deactivate"
          getApplicationNode={this.getApplicationNode}
          underlayStyle={{ paddingTop: '2em' }}
        >
          <div id="demo-one-modal" className="modal">
            <div className="modal-body">
              <p>
                Here is a modal
                {' '}
                <a href="#">with</a>
                {' '}
                <a href="#">some</a>
                {' '}
                <a href="#">focusable</a>
                {' '}
                parts.
              </p>
            </div>
            <footer className="modal-footer">
              <button id="demo-one-deactivate" onClick={this.deactivateModal}>
                deactivate modal
              </button>
            </footer>
          </div>
        </AriaModal>
      : false;

    return (
      <div>
        <button onClick={this.activateModal}>
          activate modal
        </button>
        {modal}
      </div>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(<DemoOne />, document.getElementById('demo-one'));

Details

The modal can be activated in a couple of ways:

• mounting the component without an mounted prop
• passing true as the mounted prop

Similarly, the modal can be deactivated in a couple of ways:

• unmounting the component
• passing false as the mounted prop

Pass your dialog element as the child. And that's it.

When the modal is mounted, you'll notice the following:

• Focus is trapped: only elements within the modal will receive focus as you tab through. This is done by focus-trap, via focus-trap-react.
• The modal has the ARIA attributes it needs: a role of dialog (or alertdialog) and an aria-label or aria-labelledby attribute.
• The main document's scroll is frozen (except on touchscreens). This is done by no-scroll.
• Your content is set atop a fixed-position underlay. You can control the appearance and behavior of this underlay in various ways (see below).
• Your content is horizontally centered. You can also vertically center it, if you wish.
• The modal is appended to document.body, not inserted directly into the HTML source order, as you might assume; but it should still update correctly. (This makes positioning easier (no weird nested z-index troubles).)

Props

Any data-* or aria-* props that you provide will be passed directly to the modal's container <div>.

onExit

Type: Function

This function handles the state change of exiting (or deactivating) the modal. It will be invoked when the user clicks outside the modal (if underlayClickExits={true}, as is the default) or hits Escape (if escapeExits={true}, as is the default).

Maybe it's just a wrapper around setState(); or maybe you use some more involved Flux-inspired state management — whatever the case, this module leaves the state management up to you instead of making assumptions. That also makes it easier to create your own "close modal" buttons; because you have the function that closes the modal right there, written by you, at your disposal.

You may omit this prop if you don't want clicks outside the modal or Escape to close it, so don't want to provide a function.

applicationNode

Type: DOM Node

Provide your main application node here (which the modal should render outside of), and when the modal is open this application node will receive the attribute aria-hidden="true". This can help screen readers understand what's going on.

This module can't guess your application node, so you have to provide this prop to get the full accessibility benefit.

getApplicationNode

Type: Function

Same as applicationNode, but a function that returns the node instead of the node itself. This can be useful or necessary in a variety of situations, one of which is server-side React rendering. The function will not be called until after the component mounts, so it is safe to use browser globals and refer to DOM nodes within it (e.g. document.getElementById(..)), without ruining your server-side rendering.

alert

Type: Boolean

If true, the modal will receive a role of alertdialog, instead of its default dialog. The alertdialog role should only be used when an alert, error, or warning occurs (more info).

includeDefaultStyles

Type: Boolean, Default: true

By default, styles are applied inline to the dialog and underlay portions of the component. However, you can disable all inline styles by setting includeDefaultStyles to false. If set, you must specify all styles externally, including positioning. This is helpful if your project uses external CSS assets.

Note: underlayStyle and dialogStyle can still be set inline, but these will be the only styles applied.

dialogClass

Type: String

Apply a class to the dialog in order to custom-style it.

Be aware that, by default, this module does apply various inline styles to the dialog element in order position it. To disable all inline styles, see includeDefaultStyles.

dialogId

Type: String, Default: react-aria-modal-dialog

Choose your own id attribute for the dialog element.

dialogStyle

Type: Object

Customize properties of the style prop that is passed to the dialog.

focusDialog

Type: Boolean

By default, when the modal activates its first focusable child will receive focus. However, if focusDialog is true, the dialog itself will receive initial focus — and that focus will be hidden. (This is essentially what Bootstrap does with their modal.)

See the example below.

initialFocus

Type: String

By default, when the modal activates its first focusable child will receive focus. If, instead, you want to identify a specific element that should receive initial focus, pass a selector string to this prop. (That selector is passed to document.querySelector() to find the DOM node.)

Demo example 3 and an additional example below illustrate a good method if you want no initial visible focus. (Add tabIndex='0' to the modal's content and give it outline: 0;.)

mounted

Type: Boolean

By default, the modal is active when mounted, deactivated when unmounted. However, you can also control its active/inactive state by changing its mounted property instead.

The following two examples are near-equivalents — the first mounts and unmounts, while the second changes the mounted prop:

var MyComponent = React.createClass({
  ..
  render: function() {
    ..
    var modal = (this.state.modalActive) ? (
      <AriaModal onExit={this.myExitHandler}>
        {modalContents}
      </AriaModal>
    ) : false;
    return <div>{modal}</div>;
  },
});

var MyComponentTakeTwo = React.createClass({
  ..
  render: function() {
    ..
    return (
      <div>
        <AriaModal
          mounted={this.state.modalActive}
          onExit={this.myExitHandler}
        >
          {modalContents}
        </AriaModal>
      </div>
    );
  },
});

onEnter

Type: Function

This function is called in the modal's componentDidMount() lifecycle method. You can use it to do whatever diverse and sundry things you feel like doing after the modal activates.

Demo Five, for example, uses it to modify class names and enable some CSS transitions.

titleId

Type: string

The id of the element that should be used as the modal's accessible title. This value is passed to the modal's aria-labelledby attribute.

You must use either titleId or titleText, but not both.

titleText

Type: string

A string to use as the modal's accessible title. This value is passed to the modal's aria-label attribute.

You must use either titleId or titleText, but not both.

underlayStyle

Type: object

Customize properties of the style prop that is passed to the underlay.

The best way to add some vertical displacement to the dialog is to add top & bottom padding to the underlay. This is illustrated in the demo examples.

underlayClass

Type: string

Apply a class to the underlay in order to custom-style it.

This module does apply various inline styles, though, so be aware that overriding some styles might be difficult. If, for example, you want to change the underlay's color, you should probably use the underlayColor prop instead of a class. If you would rather control all CSS, see includeDefaultStyles.

underlayClickExits

Type: boolean, Default: true

By default, a click on the underlay will exit the modal. Pass false, and clicking on the underlay will do nothing.

escapeExits

Type: boolean, Default: true

By default, the Escape key exits the modal. Pass false, and it won't.

underlayColor

Type: string (color value) or false, Default: rgba(0,0,0,0.5)

If you want to change the underlay's color, you can do that with this prop.

If false, no background color will be applied with inline styles. Presumably you will apply then yourself via an underlayClass.

verticallyCenter

Type: boolean

If true, the modal's contents will be vertically (as well as horizontally) centered.

focusTrapPaused

Type: boolean

If true, the modal dialog's focus trap will be paused. You'll want to use this prop if you have another nested focus trap inside the modal.

focusTrapOptions

Type: object

Customize properties of the focusTrapOptions prop that is passed to the modal dialog's focus trap. For example, you can use this prop if you need better control of where focus is returned.

scrollDisabled

Type: boolean, Default: true

If true, the modal dialog will prevent any scrolling behind the modal window.

AriaModal.renderTo(HTMLElement | string)

react-aria-modal uses react-displace to insert the modal into a new element at the end of <body>, making it easier to deal with positioning and z-indexes.

The static renderTo function returns a new component that renders modals into a specific element, rather than a newly created element at the bottom of the page.

Strings are used as selectors, passed to querySelector.

See demo six for an example.

More examples

An alert dialog that itself receives initial focus (but has no visible outline) and does not exit when the underlay is clicked, and is vertically centered:

var AriaModal = require('react-aria-modal');

var MyModal = React.createClass({
  ..
  render: function() {
    return (
      <AriaModal
        onExit={this.myExitHandler}
        alert={true}
        focusDialog={true}
        titleId='modal-title'
        underlayClickExits={false}
        verticallyCenter={true}
      >
        <div
          style={{ outline: 0 }}
          className='my-modal-dialog'
        >
          <h2 id='modal-title'>Alert!</h2>
          ..
        </div>
      </AriaModal>
    )
  }
})

Contributing & Development

Please note that this project is released with a Contributor Code of Conduct. By participating in this project you agree to abide by its terms.

Lint with npm run lint.

Test the demos with npm start.

Build with npm build.