[AMD][CI] Add daily ROCm 10 test coverage

[bingxche]

Summary

• Keep scheduled ROCm 7.2.4 PR coverage twice daily, and add daily ROCm 10 and ROCm 7.2 PR coverage at 17:30 UTC.
• Keep regular pull-request runs on ROCm 7.2.4 by default while allowing explicit ROCm version selection for manual and reusable runs.
• Run the AMD nightly matrix on ROCm 10, ROCm 7.2.4, and ROCm 7.2, with version-safe concurrency, artifact names, and monitoring.

Tests

• Ran actionlint on the four changed workflows with the repository's known custom-runner, empty-choice, and string-input diagnostics excluded.
• Ran uvx pre-commit run check-yaml on the changed workflows.
• Ran uv run --with pyyaml python scripts/lint/check_workflow_job_names.py.
• Ran git diff --check.
• Verified the schedule routing and all 19 PR plus 43 nightly ROCm matrix consumers with a YAML structural audit.

---

CI States

Latest PR Test (Base): ✅ Run #33501004555
Latest PR Test (Extra): ❌ Run #33501004344
Latest PR Test (AMD ROCm 7.2): ❌ Run #33501004590

[bingxche]

superseded by #37409