Add example of projective space to manifold catalog

[trevorkarn]

Add projective space and charts in the manifold catalog.

See #31249.

CC: @tscrim @trevorkarn @mjungmath

Component: manifolds

Keywords: projective, catalog

Author: Trevor K. Karn

Branch: 51f9419

Reviewer: Travis Scrimshaw, Eric Gourgoulhon

Issue created by migration from https://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/33221

[trevorkarn]

Commit: af760c9

[trevorkarn]

comment:1

Still has an issue with the domain of transition maps causing one test to fail.

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New commits:

af760c9

Add projective space

[trevorkarn]

Branch: u/tkarn/33221-projective-space

[mjungmath]

comment:2

For now this approach is all right. I am curious at which dimension this implementation becomes problematic in view of computational times.

[mjungmath]

Description changed:

--- 
+++ 
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
-Add projective space and charts in the manifold catalog
+Add projective space and charts in the manifold catalog.
+
+See #31249.

[sagetrac-git]

Changed commit from af760c9 to 38f2be2

[sagetrac-git]

Branch pushed to git repo; I updated commit sha1. New commits:

38f2be2

Fix inverse map and tests, and restrict to real projective space

[sagetrac-git]

Changed commit from 38f2be2 to bdc0441

[sagetrac-git]

Branch pushed to git repo; I updated commit sha1. New commits:

bdc0441

Fix PEP8 compliance