Add support for `tangent_vector_eval_at` for geodesics on manifolds integrated over multiple charts

[FlorentinJ]

As reported on this question, tangent_vector_eval_at doesn't work if the option solve_across_charts is set to True in the geodesic declaration.

This is because the resulting interpolation is stored in a segmented way (one for each chart encountered during the integration), which is not expected by tangent_vector_eval_at.

CC: @egourgoulhon

Component: manifolds

Keywords: geodesic, charts

Issue created by migration from https://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/31813