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### Enums | ||
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Rust allows you to define a type called `enums` which allow you to enumerate possible values. In combination with enums, we have the concept of `pattern matching` in Rust, which makes it easy to run different code for different values of an enumeration. Enums, while available in many languages, Rust's enums are most similar to `algebraic data types` in functional languages, such as F#, OCaml, and Haskell. | ||
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#### Book Sections | ||
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- [Enums](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch06-00-enums.html) |
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// enums1.rs | ||
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints! | ||
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#[derive(Debug)] | ||
enum Message { | ||
// TODO: define a few types of messages as used below | ||
} | ||
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fn main() { | ||
println!("{:?}", Message::Quit); | ||
println!("{:?}", Message::Echo); | ||
println!("{:?}", Message::Move); | ||
println!("{:?}", Message::ChangeColor); | ||
} | ||
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// Hint: The declaration of the enumeration type has not been defined yet. |
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// enums2.rs | ||
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints | ||
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#[derive(Debug)] | ||
enum Message { | ||
// TODO: define the different variants used below | ||
} | ||
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impl Message { | ||
fn call(&self) { | ||
println!("{:?}", &self); | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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fn main() { | ||
let messages = [ | ||
Message::Move{ x: 10, y: 30 }, | ||
Message::Echo(String::from("hello world")), | ||
Message::ChangeColor(200, 255, 255), | ||
Message::Quit | ||
]; | ||
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for message in &messages { | ||
message.call(); | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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// Hint: you can create enumerations that have different variants with different types | ||
// such as no data, anonymous structs, a single string, tuples, ...etc |
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// enums3.rs | ||
// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass! | ||
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enum Message { | ||
// TODO: implement the message variant types based on their usage below | ||
} | ||
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struct Point { | ||
x: u8, | ||
y: u8 | ||
} | ||
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struct State { | ||
color: (u8, u8, u8), | ||
position: Point, | ||
quit: bool | ||
} | ||
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impl State { | ||
fn change_color(&mut self, color: (u8, u8, u8)) { | ||
self.color = color; | ||
} | ||
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fn quit(&mut self) { | ||
self.quit = true; | ||
} | ||
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fn echo(&self, s: String) { | ||
println!("{}", s); | ||
} | ||
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fn move_position(&mut self, p: Point) { | ||
self.position = p; | ||
} | ||
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fn process(&mut self, message: Message) { | ||
// TODO: create a match expression to process the different message variants | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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#[cfg(test)] | ||
mod tests { | ||
use super::*; | ||
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#[test] | ||
fn test_match_message_call() { | ||
let mut state = State{ | ||
quit: false, | ||
position: Point{ x: 0, y: 0 }, | ||
color: (0, 0, 0) | ||
}; | ||
state.process(Message::ChangeColor(255, 0, 255)); | ||
state.process(Message::Echo(String::from("hello world"))); | ||
state.process(Message::Move{ x: 10, y: 15 }); | ||
state.process(Message::Quit); | ||
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assert_eq!(state.color, (255, 0, 255)); | ||
assert_eq!(state.position.x, 10); | ||
assert_eq!(state.position.y, 15); | ||
assert_eq!(state.quit, true); | ||
} | ||
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} |
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