SIGSEGV with beta/nightly compiler with i686-unknown-freebsd target

[Darksonn]

When running the Tokio test suite through CI using the beta/nightly compiler, the FreeBSD 32-bit build encounters a segmentation fault. After running CI with a few different configurations, I've found two different cases of the failure. The first segfault is in the compile_fail_full test. The path_read_write test also encounters a segfault.

running 1 test
error: test failed, to rerun pass `-p tests-build --test macros`

Caused by:
  process didn't exit successfully: `/tmp/cirrus-ci-build/target/i686-unknown-freebsd/debug/deps/macros-4f8b28e5ec17a589` (signal: 11, SIGSEGV: invalid memory reference)

Exit status: 101

Please see tokio-rs/tokio#6856 for more output from the CI runs. Both failures happen in tests that interact with the file system. There are other tests that pass and don't touch the file system (e.g. all unit tests in tokio/src/ pass). As Tokio has no special logic for using the file system and just calls std, and as the compile_fail_full test is not calling into any Tokio code at all, this looks an awful lot like a bug somewhere in std's filesystem handling code. But that is just a guess. I don't have access to a FreeBSD machine, so it is difficult for me to investigate further.

The 64-bit FreeBSD build does not encounter these failures. There also are no problems when using the latest stable compiler. Note that the 32-bit binaries in question are cross-compiled from and executed on a 64-bit FreeBSD host machine.

Failing toolchains:

rustc 1.82.0-beta.3 (4976ae480 2024-09-09)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: 4976ae480e2b29cc46f44e1b9914469cc384fcc9
commit-date: 2024-09-09
host: x86_64-unknown-freebsd
release: 1.82.0-beta.3
LLVM version: 19.1.0

rustc 1.83.0-nightly (da889684c 2024-09-20)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: da889684c80508036ff036db8c159ffdcf27648a
commit-date: 2024-09-20
host: x86_64-unknown-freebsd
release: 1.83.0-nightly
LLVM version: 19.1.0

Passing toolchains:

rustc 1.81.0 (eeb90cda1 2024-09-04)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: eeb90cda1969383f56a2637cbd3037bdf598841c
commit-date: 2024-09-04
host: x86_64-unknown-freebsd
release: 1.81.0
LLVM version: 18.1.7

[Darksonn]

I can try to bisect it to a specific nightly next week. If it's useful, you all are welcome to use our CI to debug this - you can open a PR to Tokio to run our CI setup.

[lolbinarycat]

the compile_fail_full test is not calling into any Tokio code at all

it calls various tokio macros, doesn't it?? also, it doesn't seem to call anything in std besides std::time::Instant::now, so i'm not sure how this could be a path handling bug?

[workingjubilee]

@Darksonn Is this our compiler or is it the one from FreeBSD ports?

They modded the target.

[Darksonn]

I have bisected the issue. It succeeds on nightly-2024-08-20 and fails on nightly-2024-08-21.

@lolbinarycat The compile_fail_full test calls into the trybuild crate, which uses std::fs to probe which build tests exists.

@workingjubilee I got the compiler from rustup, so I assume it's your compiler. Our ci script runs the following commands:

pkg install -y bash
curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf --output rustup.sh
sh rustup.sh -y --profile minimal --default-toolchain $TOOLCHAIN
. $HOME/.cargo/env
rustup target add i686-unknown-freebsd
rustc --version --verbose
cargo test --all --all-features --target i686-unknown-freebsd

with $TOOLCHAIN normally set to stable, but under these tests I set it to beta or nightly-xxxx-xx-xx for testing other compilers. This is happening on a x86_64-unknown-freebsd host.

[workingjubilee]

Yep, that's our sigsegv, comrade!

[saethlin]

Minimized:

fn main() {
    std::fs::File::open("Cargo.toml").unwrap().metadata();
}

(any file that exists will do)

[saethlin]

Bisection points to #129226
Which notes rust-lang/libc#3723

In particular: rust-lang/libc#3723 (comment)

It will always be safe to use a FreeBSD X ABI on a FreeBSD X+1 system. You may be thinking of OpenBSD, which does not provide that guarantee.

So... is it wrong to use a FreeBSD 12 ABI on a FreeBSD 14 system? Because that's what we're apparently trying to do here.

[workingjubilee]

Hello @asomers there seems to be a bit of confusion afoot!

[asomers]

I've reproduced the problem locally, and I'll take a look.

[asomers]

I'm pretty sure that this is a bug in libc. While I work on a patch, could one of you toolchain experts please suggest to me how I might compile an arbitrary crate using a patched version of libc for std?

[workingjubilee]

I'm pretty sure that this is a bug in libc. While I work on a patch, could one of you toolchain experts please suggest to me how I might compile an arbitrary crate using a patched version of libc for std?

It should be sufficient to use [patch.crates-io] in library/Cargo.toml for libc, with presumably overriding to a path or a git repo. That will let you build a patched std, the new path should be reflected in the lock file.

[asomers]

Sorry @workingjubilee but I need more help than that. I also need to know how to build, for example, Tokio using the patched std.

[workingjubilee]

uhh honestly I would just build the entire stage 1 compiler with the patched std and then build tokio with that. I can look up the incantation for using the stage 0 std with an existing nightly if that would take forever, though.

[workingjubilee]

Ah here we go, you want to do this:

./x.py build --stage 0 library
rustup toolchain link stage0 build/host/stage0-sysroot

then cargo +stage0 should work?

[asomers]

@workingjubilee that almost works. But I can't cross-compile from x86_64 to x86. Could you please tell what I must do to enable that? When I try, I get this:

somers@methionine ~/s/r/i386-fbsd-segfault (master)> cargo +stage0 run --target i686-unknown-freebsd
   Compiling i386-fbsd-segfault v0.1.0 (/usr/home/somers/src/rust/i386-fbsd-segfault)
error[E0463]: can't find crate for `std`
  |
  = note: the `i686-unknown-freebsd` target may not be installed
  = help: consider downloading the target with `rustup target add i686-unknown-freebsd`

For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0463`.
error: could not compile `i386-fbsd-segfault` (bin "i386-fbsd-segfault") due to 1 previous error
somers@methionine ~/s/r/i386-fbsd-segfault (master) [101]> rustup target add --toolchain stage0 i686-unknown-freebsd
error: error: invalid value 'stage0' for '--toolchain <toolchain>': invalid toolchain name: 'stage0'

For more information, try '--help'.
: invalid toolchain name: 'stage0'
somers@methionine ~/s/r/i386-fbsd-segfault (master) [1]> cargo +stage0 run --target i686-unknown-freebsd -Zbuild-std
error: the `-Z` flag is only accepted on the nightly channel of Cargo, but this is the `beta` channel
See https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/appendix-07-nightly-rust.html for more information about Rust release channels.

[lolbinarycat]

@asomers you should be able to use -Z build-std to cross-compile the standard library.

[asomers]

@lolbinarycat I tried that, but the compiler thinks it's beta, not nightly, so it won't allow it. Is there a config.toml setting I can use to build it as a nightly compiler instead?

[lolbinarycat]

you can export RUSTC_BOOTSTRAP=1 to allow using nightly features on a beta compiler (yes it's a hack, but it's probably fine for a quick repro)

[lolbinarycat]

also, stage0 is a beta compiler, if you want an actual nightly, you need to build stage1

[asomers]

With help from @lolbinarycat and @workingjubilee I have a working patch in review at rust-lang/libc#3939 . HOWEVER, it only fixes struct stat on the libc-0.2 branch. I'll need to prepare a separate PR for the main branch. Also, I haven't tested on 32-bit architectures other than i386. I'm still trying to get access to some. Finally, I found some additional errors in other structures that require fixing. But they're all pretty obscure structures that the standard library doesn't use.

[workingjubilee]

Oh, the way to do that without -Zbuild-std is to add this to the config.toml:

[build]
target = ["host-target-string", "cross-target-string"]

[workingjubilee]

@asomers Thank you for taking care of this!

[apiraino]

WG-prioritization assigning priority (Zulip discussion).

@rustbot label -I-prioritize +P-high

[asomers]

The relevant fixes have been merged into libc. So this bug will be fixed if libc makes a new release and rustc incorporates it.