Linker error when installing wasm-bindgen-cli in container rust:1.72.0-alpine

[marvinruder]

Code

I tried this code:

docker run --rm -it rust:1.72.0-alpine /bin/sh -c 'apk add pkgconfig musl-dev openssl-dev && cargo install wasm-bindgen-cli'

I expected to see this happen: Installation succeeds.

Instead, this happened: Installation fails with the output

   Compiling wasm-bindgen-cli v0.2.87
error: linking with `cc` failed: exit status: 1
  |
  = note: LC_ALL="C" PATH="/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/bin:/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/bin/self-contained:/usr/local/cargo/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" VSLANG="1033" "cc" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/self-contained/crt1.o" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/self-contained/crti.o" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/self-contained/crtbegin.o" "/tmp/rustcRXRjOo/symbols.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.00.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.01.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.02.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.03.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.04.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.05.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.06.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.07.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.08.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.09.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.10.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.11.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.12.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.13.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.14.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.wasm_bindgen_test_runner.1f95379ce0f90ab6-cgu.15.rcgu.o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26.19hh9c3u8vsswt4a.rcgu.o" "-Wl,--as-needed" "-L" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps" "-L" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/build/curl-sys-7ceadbee8f5783d1/out/build" "-L" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/build/libz-sys-cffc81748277afdd/out/lib" "-L" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/build/libz-sys-cffc81748277afdd/out/lib" "-L" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib" "-Wl,-Bstatic" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libenv_logger-fea42c52e1f4f4fe.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libatty-317b42473a21e31a.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libtermcolor-040fceae4cea271d.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libhumantime-626274989ed92745.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libregex-5b241dcccf21f933.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libregex_automata-9b96befcad88c4ab.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libaho_corasick-a16db84b88174926.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libregex_syntax-c3cf1ebb7a2b2e4d.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/librouille-7230a0b8d19e678c.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/liburl-9aebb6637b71bca7.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libidna-fb239a2c2019136b.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libunicode_normalization-54755a606192072d.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libtinyvec-ee7642b89b653144.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libtinyvec_macros-ff6759743fcc69d9.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libunicode_bidi-b489247189863188.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libform_urlencoded-d2c82d4a8de473ea.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libtiny_http-7f8968ed1e1900d6.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libhttpdate-a24b706af28e4ef6.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libchunked_transfer-3a80b3bee19fa9e4.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libascii-8ab85db2098cf98e.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libtime-a0293617723fa3a5.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libnum_threads-f25b70b3c45705e3.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libtime_core-522cb0b5c81b88a6.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libderanged-9686717edf50d109.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libthreadpool-f94340fa0ccc9a33.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libsha1_smol-c6bcc18cced647a7.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libpercent_encoding-dc02a4f94527eacf.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libmultipart-4e7f890959935153.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libtwoway-eacabc130a213c0a.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libhttparse-363b5b927f2c1587.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libbuf_redux-824514e68d98cc17.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libmemchr-19c5176ba959cb53.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libquick_error-553f59006e43ec1a.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libtempfile-aba4a00682dd1316.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libfastrand-fe632f4f74389971.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/librustix-6d8cc2cc34aee0c8.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libbitflags-9e1b87856b5a39a6.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/liblinux_raw_sys-4e4070322d7688b9.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/librand-d2835ef6636aeab5.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/librand_chacha-568bb813c2b47bea.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libppv_lite86-2e57afa0faee22ed.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/librand_core-ed4dececf9a23aad.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libgetrandom-776d0166208e26f5.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libmime_guess-941a61daa992a772.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libunicase-28b314352ad426ab.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libmime-0ed1ffe2b41ac203.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libfiletime-6291ef5ef8718315.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libchrono-a9813c1d649a049d.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libnum_traits-ff6319496fc66d8e.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libiana_time_zone-06c52e180915fb89.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libbase64-04a3869521b53988.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libcurl-8401af18d306a517.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libopenssl_probe-58309303a9f609bf.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libsocket2-0cda5863f22a9f1f.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libcurl_sys-6e03aab9f31ac7f3.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libopenssl_sys-54ef50242963ee2e.rlib" "-lssl" "-lcrypto" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/liblibz_sys-46141b191bc55227.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwasm_bindgen_cli_support-a8e091096f1105c3.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/librustc_demangle-413429c0e73a1811.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libbase64-927b92a7980a3867.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libsafemem-9e20b9d7f5918daf.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libbyteorder-193ed6180b511e21.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libunicode_ident-facb9160c2b986fb.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libserde_json-c6d371e0ba0f1f0e.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libryu-fea49a689a77267f.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libitoa-5e1876a5b8dc25ab.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libserde-af4e742a39923287.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwasm_bindgen_threads_xform-45c90ceea9fd7b2c.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwasm_bindgen_shared-54ca8c389f3a7842.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwasm_bindgen_multi_value_xform-3cfca942b1dc6bce.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwasm_bindgen_externref_xform-459bf5b11f5bb873.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwasm_bindgen_wasm_interpreter-efdf35756ea4e01e.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwasm_bindgen_wasm_conventions-8dbaf6474f2eff56.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwalrus-a2b97ede053e577c.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libleb128-6a6c460d8c649db9.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libwasmparser-640526087e5dde73.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libid_arena-a7382d3e69c3dfcd.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/librayon-2f3462cb5183030a.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/librayon_core-bf5017ead308b139.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libnum_cpus-6157bee815ca3e6a.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/liblibc-ec23dbccd24ad4bf.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libcrossbeam_deque-226b4a19293a209a.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libcrossbeam_epoch-9c91de6b9109ccf8.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libmemoffset-106258de5846d349.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libscopeguard-5162a022afb43088.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libcrossbeam_channel-0c851b46b7673bef.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libcrossbeam_utils-2a12eb336abcd97a.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libcfg_if-2215ce30b5eeed66.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libeither-8725f330bf93e15e.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/liblog-d17ae8ad17e5c7e1.rlib" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/libanyhow-4c55c4ab3a31f229.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libstd-2ad8dcade37f4a90.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libpanic_unwind-979572faa2a17916.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libobject-93508898bcfc3702.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libmemchr-ab66446b81463d74.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libaddr2line-6083b516af549008.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libgimli-2389476f2626efb6.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/librustc_demangle-97faebafc321e964.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libstd_detect-e8ac812a6dab364e.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libhashbrown-dde0af57b0f2901e.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/librustc_std_workspace_alloc-8df52c7f042aeffd.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libminiz_oxide-8789ebd13f9e0a12.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libadler-cb238a2d7c01ef75.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libunwind-0ebf8faa9e79b9cc.rlib" "-lunwind" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libcfg_if-73698e09b48b4cfd.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/liblibc-3f7bca623c41b752.rlib" "-lc" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/liballoc-11ab57860e7dd426.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/librustc_std_workspace_core-7ffd2525fa6ce213.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libcore-e91e1df47a197349.rlib" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/libcompiler_builtins-5b084770a5817f4e.rlib" "-Wl,-Bdynamic" "-Wl,--eh-frame-hdr" "-Wl,-z,noexecstack" "-nostartfiles" "-L" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib" "-L" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/self-contained" "-o" "/tmp/cargo-installRzq4g6/release/deps/wasm_bindgen_test_runner-4b3c9dfc3f5b6f26" "-Wl,--gc-sections" "-static" "-no-pie" "-Wl,-z,relro,-z,now" "-Wl,-O1" "-nodefaultlibs" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/self-contained/crtend.o" "/usr/local/rustup/toolchains/1.72.0-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/lib/self-contained/crtn.o"
  = note: /usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-alpine-linux-musl/12.2.1/../../../../aarch64-alpine-linux-musl/bin/ld: cannot find -lssl: No such file or directory
          /usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-alpine-linux-musl/12.2.1/../../../../aarch64-alpine-linux-musl/bin/ld: cannot find -lcrypto: No such file or directory
          collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Version it worked on

It most recently worked on: rust:1.71.1-alpine

Version with regression

rust:1.72.0-alpine

Additional Context

Despite the linker output, one can check that the container does contain the libssl and libcrypto libraries which are installed by apk in the command provided.

The problem does not arise with Debian-based Rust containers.

This bug is reproducable on both amd64 and arm64 architecture.

[dlq84]

I'm getting the same error, works on 1.71 but not 1.72. But for me when I install sea-orm-cli.

[apiraino]

I have a feeling this could be related to #115430 (i.e. a regression in cross compiling to musl)

[bjorn3]

Are you using -Ctarget-features=-crt-static? That disables statically linking libc, which is necessary to allow linking to dynamic libraries like libssl.so and libcrypto.so. As for why it worked before. I'm not sure.

[marvinruder]

Are you using -Ctarget-features=-crt-static? That disables statically linking libc, which is necessary to allow linking to dynamic libraries like libssl.so and libcrypto.so. As for why it worked before. I'm not sure.

Yes, that solves it for me, thanks! RUSTFLAGS="-Ctarget-feature=-crt-static" cargo install wasm-bindgen-cli does the trick.

[jerome-caucat]

I had a similar problem with the following Dockerfile:

FROM rust:alpine
RUN apk update
RUN apk upgrade
RUN apk add --no-cache pkgconf openssl-dev musl-dev cmake make gcc g++ nodejs perl clang16 curl strace
RUN rustup default nightly-2023-09-06
RUN cargo install wasm-bindgen-cli

My solution was to add the following line after the RUN apk add ...:

ENV OPENSSL_DIR=/usr

[Amanieu]

This is most likely due to #111698: previously rustc would link to dynamic libraries while trying to build a static binary, which led to all sorts of problems, including crashes.

Now we properly only link to static libraries when building a static binary, which is the default for the musl target. To build a dynamic binary which can link to dynamic libraries, you need to use RUSTFLAGS="-Ctarget-feature=-crt-static".