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Explain how version works for git dependencies #12270

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Aug 28, 2023
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Explain how version works for git dependencies #12270

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BatmanAoD Jun 14, 2023
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BatmanAoD Aug 28, 2023
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Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo into patch-1
BatmanAoD Aug 28, 2023
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44 changes: 32 additions & 12 deletions src/doc/src/reference/specifying-dependencies.md
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Expand Up @@ -53,12 +53,14 @@ and `x > 0`.
It is possible to further tweak the logic for selecting compatible versions
using special operators, though it shouldn't be necessary most of the time.

### Caret requirements
### Version requirement syntax

#### Caret requirements

**Caret requirements** are an alternative syntax for the default strategy,
`^1.2.3` is exactly equivalent to `1.2.3`.

### Tilde requirements
#### Tilde requirements

**Tilde requirements** specify a minimal version with some ability to update.
If you specify a major, minor, and patch version or only a major and minor
Expand All @@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ version, then minor- and patch-level changes are allowed.
~1 := >=1.0.0, <2.0.0
```

### Wildcard requirements
#### Wildcard requirements

**Wildcard requirements** allow for any version where the wildcard is
positioned.
Expand All @@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ positioned.

> **Note**: [crates.io] does not allow bare `*` versions.

### Comparison requirements
#### Comparison requirements

**Comparison requirements** allow manually specifying a version range or an
exact version to depend on.
Expand All @@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ Here are some examples of comparison requirements:
= 1.2.3
```

### Multiple requirements
#### Multiple version requirements

As shown in the examples above, multiple version requirements can be
separated with a comma, e.g., `>= 1.2, < 1.5`.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -157,7 +159,7 @@ some-crate = { version = "1.0", registry = "my-registry" }
```

> **Note**: [crates.io] does not allow packages to be published with
> dependencies on other registries.
> dependencies on code published outside of [crates.io].

[registries documentation]: registries.md

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -202,9 +204,20 @@ once the lock is in place. However, they can be pulled down manually with

See [Git Authentication] for help with git authentication for private repos.

> **Note**: [crates.io] does not allow packages to be published with `git`
> dependencies (`git` [dev-dependencies] are ignored). See the [Multiple
> locations](#multiple-locations) section for a fallback alternative.
> **Note**: Neither the `git` key nor the `path` key changes the meaning of the
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> `version` key: the `version` key always implies that the package is available
> in a registry. `version`, `git`, and `path` keys are considered [separate
> locations](#multiple-locations) for resolving the dependency.
>
> When the dependency is retrieved from `git`, the `version` key will _not_
> affect which commit is used, but the version information in the dependency's
> `Cargo.toml` file will still be validated against the `version` requirement.

> **Note**: [crates.io] does not allow packages to be published with
> dependencies on code published outside of [crates.io] itself
> ([dev-dependencies] are ignored). See the [Multiple
> locations](#multiple-locations) section for a fallback alternative for `git`
> and `path` dependencies.

[Git Authentication]: ../appendix/git-authentication.md

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -245,9 +258,16 @@ and specify its version in the dependencies line as well:
hello_utils = { path = "hello_utils", version = "0.1.0" }
```

> **Note**: [crates.io] does not allow packages to be published with `path`
> dependencies (`path` [dev-dependencies] are ignored). See the [Multiple
> locations](#multiple-locations) section for a fallback alternative.
> **Note**: Neither the `git` key nor the `path` key changes the meaning of the
> `version` key: the `version` key always implies that the package is available
> in a registry. `version`, `git`, and `path` keys are considered [separate
> locations](#multiple-locations) for resolving the dependency.

> **Note**: [crates.io] does not allow packages to be published with
> dependencies on code published outside of [crates.io] itself
> ([dev-dependencies] are ignored). See the [Multiple
> locations](#multiple-locations) section for a fallback alternative for `git`
> and `path` dependencies.

### Multiple locations

Expand Down