Use upstream clang-format pre-commit hook.

[bdice]

This PR improves the use of clang-format in pre-commit and CI by using a hook that is managed and cached by pre-commit. Developers who do not use pre-commit will see no changes to their workflow. Developers using pre-commit will be guaranteed that their code is formatted with the pinned version of clang-format (and will always align with CI's style check expectations) even if they have a different version of clang-format (or no version of clang-format) installed on their path. Like all pre-commit hooks for linting CMake and Python code, this version pinning will need to be kept in sync with the conda environment if we choose to upgrade clang-format.

Note: this is aligned with how cuCollections uses clang-format, and it seems that has gone well. Thanks to @PointKernel for testing it on that repo!
https://github.com/NVIDIA/cuCollections/blob/dev/.pre-commit-config.yaml

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #10659 (8835532) into branch-22.06 (3c13ef1) will increase coverage by 0.02%.
The diff coverage is 89.52%.

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##           branch-22.06   #10659      +/-   ##
================================================
+ Coverage         86.33%   86.36%   +0.02%     
================================================
  Files               140      142       +2     
  Lines             22289    22352      +63     
================================================
+ Hits              19244    19305      +61     
- Misses             3045     3047       +2     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
python/cudf/cudf/core/algorithms.py	90.47% <ø> (ø)
python/cudf/cudf/core/groupby/groupby.py	91.72% <ø> (+0.22%)	⬆️
python/cudf/cudf/core/multiindex.py	92.14% <ø> (ø)
python/cudf/cudf/core/series.py	95.28% <ø> (ø)
python/cudf/cudf/utils/cudautils.py	59.83% <ø> (ø)
python/cudf/cudf/utils/ioutils.py	79.60% <ø> (ø)
python/cudf/cudf/utils/utils.py	90.28% <ø> (ø)
python/cudf/cudf/core/frame.py	93.67% <56.52%> (-1.09%)	⬇️
python/dask_cudf/dask_cudf/tests/utils.py	90.90% <90.90%> (ø)
python/cudf/cudf/core/column/lists.py	92.79% <100.00%> (+1.38%)	⬆️
... and 11 more

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[PointKernel]

The simplified file type logic should work but I didn't test it. Otherwise, LGTM.

[vyasr]

@gpucibot merge