Arc - Using @Typed with illegal values should throw an exception

[manovotn]

ATM, Arc allows you to use @Typed with arbitrary values and it simply ignores any that aren't part of the transitive closure of bean types.

However, this conflicts the specification:

If a bean class or producer method or field specifies a @typed annotation, and the value member specifies a class which does not correspond to a type in the unrestricted set of bean types of a bean, the container automatically detects the problem and treats it as a definition error.

Therefore, we are now throwing a DefinitionException that looks like this:

javax.enterprise.inject.spi.DefinitionException: Cannot limit bean types to types outside of the transitive closure of bean types. Bean: io.quarkus.arc.test.resolution.broken.ProducedBean produceBean() illegal bean types: [io.quarkus.arc.test.resolution.broken.MyOtherBean]

As usual, the PR also contains tests that showcase it.

Related to #28558

[quarkus-bot]

✔️ The latest workflow run for the pull request has completed successfully.

It should be safe to merge provided you have a look at the other checks in the summary.

[gsmet]

@Ladicek I let you review and merge that one if you're happy.