Drop support for soon-EOL Python 3.6

.appveyor.yml

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ environment:
   - PYTHON: C:/Python310
     ARCHITECTURE: x86
     APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2019
-  - PYTHON: C:/Python36-x64
+  - PYTHON: C:/Python37-x64
     ARCHITECTURE: x64
     APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
 

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ repos:
     rev: 911470a610e47d9da5ea938b0887c3df62819b85  # frozen: 21.9b0
     hooks:
       - id: black
-        args: ["--target-version", "py36"]
+        args: ["--target-version", "py37"]
         # Only .py files, until https://github.com/psf/black/issues/402 resolved
         files: \.py$
         types: []

Makefile

@@ -122,5 +122,5 @@ lint:
 
 .PHONY: lint-fix
 lint-fix:
-	black --target-version py36 .
+	black --target-version py37 .
 	isort .

Tests/test_file_gif.py

@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ def test_palette_save_P(tmp_path):
     # Forcing a non-straight grayscale palette.
 
     im = hopper("P")
-    palette = bytes([255 - i // 3 for i in range(768)])
+    palette = bytes(255 - i // 3 for i in range(768))
 
     out = str(tmp_path / "temp.gif")
     im.save(out, palette=palette)
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ def test_getdata():
     im.putpalette(ImagePalette.ImagePalette("RGB"))
     im.info = {"background": 0}
 
-    passed_palette = bytes([255 - i // 3 for i in range(768)])
+    passed_palette = bytes(255 - i // 3 for i in range(768))
 
     GifImagePlugin._FORCE_OPTIMIZE = True
     try:

Tests/test_file_jpeg.py

@@ -85,26 +85,26 @@ def test_cmyk(self):
         f = "Tests/images/pil_sample_cmyk.jpg"
         with Image.open(f) as im:
             # the source image has red pixels in the upper left corner.
-            c, m, y, k = [x / 255.0 for x in im.getpixel((0, 0))]
+            c, m, y, k = (x / 255.0 for x in im.getpixel((0, 0)))
             assert c == 0.0
             assert m > 0.8
             assert y > 0.8
             assert k == 0.0
             # the opposite corner is black
-            c, m, y, k = [
+            c, m, y, k = (
                 x / 255.0 for x in im.getpixel((im.size[0] - 1, im.size[1] - 1))
-            ]
+            )
             assert k > 0.9
             # roundtrip, and check again
             im = self.roundtrip(im)
-            c, m, y, k = [x / 255.0 for x in im.getpixel((0, 0))]
+            c, m, y, k = (x / 255.0 for x in im.getpixel((0, 0)))
             assert c == 0.0
             assert m > 0.8
             assert y > 0.8
             assert k == 0.0
-            c, m, y, k = [
+            c, m, y, k = (
                 x / 255.0 for x in im.getpixel((im.size[0] - 1, im.size[1] - 1))
-            ]
+            )
             assert k > 0.9
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(

Tests/test_file_webp.py

@@ -188,9 +188,7 @@ def test_background_from_gif(self, tmp_path):
 
         with Image.open(out_gif) as reread:
             reread_value = reread.convert("RGB").getpixel((1, 1))
-        difference = sum(
-            [abs(original_value[i] - reread_value[i]) for i in range(0, 3)]
-        )
+        difference = sum(abs(original_value[i] - reread_value[i]) for i in range(0, 3))
         assert difference < 5
 
     @skip_unless_feature("webp")

Tests/test_image.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import io
 import os
 import shutil
-import sys
 import tempfile
 
 import pytest
@@ -782,9 +781,6 @@ def test_exif_load_from_fp(self):
                 34665: 196,
             }
 
-    @pytest.mark.skipif(
-        sys.version_info < (3, 7), reason="Python 3.7 or greater required"
-    )
     def test_categories_deprecation(self):
         with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning):
             assert hopper().category == 0

Tests/test_imagefont.py

@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ def test_cbdt(self):
             d.text((10, 10), "\U0001f469", font=font, embedded_color=True)
 
             assert_image_similar_tofile(im, "Tests/images/cbdt_notocoloremoji.png", 6.2)
-        except IOError as e:  # pragma: no cover
+        except OSError as e:  # pragma: no cover
             assert str(e) in ("unimplemented feature", "unknown file format")
             pytest.skip("freetype compiled without libpng or CBDT support")
 
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ def test_cbdt_mask(self):
             assert_image_similar_tofile(
                 im, "Tests/images/cbdt_notocoloremoji_mask.png", 6.2
             )
-        except IOError as e:  # pragma: no cover
+        except OSError as e:  # pragma: no cover
             assert str(e) in ("unimplemented feature", "unknown file format")
             pytest.skip("freetype compiled without libpng or CBDT support")
 
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ def test_sbix(self):
             d.text((50, 50), "\uE901", font=font, embedded_color=True)
 
             assert_image_similar_tofile(im, "Tests/images/chromacheck-sbix.png", 1)
-        except IOError as e:  # pragma: no cover
+        except OSError as e:  # pragma: no cover
             assert str(e) in ("unimplemented feature", "unknown file format")
             pytest.skip("freetype compiled without libpng or SBIX support")
 
@@ -956,7 +956,7 @@ def test_sbix_mask(self):
             d.text((50, 50), "\uE901", (100, 0, 0), font=font)
 
             assert_image_similar_tofile(im, "Tests/images/chromacheck-sbix_mask.png", 1)
-        except IOError as e:  # pragma: no cover
+        except OSError as e:  # pragma: no cover
             assert str(e) in ("unimplemented feature", "unknown file format")
             pytest.skip("freetype compiled without libpng or SBIX support")
 

Tests/test_imagemath.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 def pixel(im):
     if hasattr(im, "im"):
-        return "{} {}".format(im.mode, repr(im.getpixel((0, 0))))
+        return f"{im.mode} {repr(im.getpixel((0, 0)))}"
     else:
         if isinstance(im, int):
             return int(im)  # hack to deal with booleans

docs/installation.rst

@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ Pillow supports these Python versions.
 +----------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
 |        Python        |3.10 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 2.7 |
 +======================+=====+=====+=====+=====+=====+=====+=====+=====+
-| Pillow >= 8.3.2      | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |     |     |     |
+| Pillow >= 9.0        | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |     |     |     |     |
++----------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+| Pillow 8.3.2 - 8.4   | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |     |     |     |
 +----------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
 | Pillow 8.0 - 8.3.1   |     | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |     |     |     |
 +----------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
@@ -443,42 +445,42 @@ Continuous Integration Targets
 
 These platforms are built and tested for every change.
 
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Operating system                 | Tested Python versions          | Tested architecture |
-+==================================+=================================+=====================+
-| Alpine                           | 3.9                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Amazon Linux 2                   | 3.7                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Arch                             | 3.9                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| CentOS 7                         | 3.6                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| CentOS 8                         | 3.6                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| CentOS Stream 8                  | 3.6                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Debian 10 Buster                 | 3.7                             | x86                 |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Fedora 34                        | 3.9                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Fedora 35                        | 3.10                            | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| macOS 10.15 Catalina             | 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, PyPy3 | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS (Bionic)  | 3.6                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Ubuntu Linux 20.04 LTS (Focal)   | 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, PyPy3 | x86-64              |
-|                                  +---------------------------------+---------------------+
-|                                  | 3.8                             | arm64v8, ppc64le,   |
-|                                  |                                 | s390x               |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Windows Server 2016              | 3.6                             | x86-64              |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
-| Windows Server 2019              | 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, PyPy3 | x86, x86-64         |
-|                                  +---------------------------------+---------------------+
-|                                  | 3.9/MinGW                       | x86, x86-64         |
-+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+---------------------+
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Operating system                 | Tested Python versions     | Tested architecture |
++==================================+============================+=====================+
+| Alpine                           | 3.9                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Amazon Linux 2                   | 3.7                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Arch                             | 3.9                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| CentOS 7                         | 3.9                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| CentOS 8                         | 3.9                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| CentOS Stream 8                  | 3.9                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Debian 10 Buster                 | 3.7                        | x86                 |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Fedora 34                        | 3.9                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Fedora 35                        | 3.10                       | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| macOS 10.15 Catalina             | 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, PyPy3 | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS (Bionic)  | 3.9                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Ubuntu Linux 20.04 LTS (Focal)   | 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, PyPy3 | x86-64              |
+|                                  +----------------------------+---------------------+
+|                                  | 3.8                        | arm64v8, ppc64le,   |
+|                                  |                            | s390x               |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Windows Server 2016              | 3.7                        | x86-64              |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
+| Windows Server 2019              | 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, PyPy3 | x86, x86-64         |
+|                                  +----------------------------+---------------------+
+|                                  | 3.9/MinGW                  | x86, x86-64         |
++----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------------------+
 
 
 Other Platforms

docs/releasenotes/9.0.0.rst

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@
 Backwards Incompatible Changes
 ==============================
 
+Python 3.6
+^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Pillow has dropped support for Python 3.6, which reached end-of-life on 2021-12-23.
+
 PILLOW_VERSION constant
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 

setup.cfg

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ classifiers =
     License :: OSI Approved :: Historical Permission Notice and Disclaimer (HPND)
     Programming Language :: Python :: 3
     Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
     Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
     Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
     Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ project_urls =
     Twitter=https://twitter.com/PythonPillow
 
 [options]
-python_requires = >=3.6
+python_requires = >=3.7
 
 [flake8]
 extend-ignore = E203

src/PIL/GifImagePlugin.py

@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ def load_prepare(self):
         if not self.im and "transparency" in self.info:
             self.im = Image.core.fill(self.mode, self.size, self.info["transparency"])
 
-        super(GifImageFile, self).load_prepare()
+        super().load_prepare()
 
     def tell(self):
         return self.__frame

src/PIL/Image.py

@@ -51,26 +51,18 @@
 from ._binary import i32le
 from ._util import deferred_error, isPath
 
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):
 
-    def __getattr__(name):
-        categories = {"NORMAL": 0, "SEQUENCE": 1, "CONTAINER": 2}
-        if name in categories:
-            warnings.warn(
-                "Image categories are deprecated and will be removed in Pillow 10 "
-                "(2023-07-01). Use is_animated instead.",
-                DeprecationWarning,
-                stacklevel=2,
-            )
-            return categories[name]
-        raise AttributeError(f"module '{__name__}' has no attribute '{name}'")
-
-
-else:
-    # categories
-    NORMAL = 0
-    SEQUENCE = 1
-    CONTAINER = 2
+def __getattr__(name):
+    categories = {"NORMAL": 0, "SEQUENCE": 1, "CONTAINER": 2}
+    if name in categories:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Image categories are deprecated and will be removed in Pillow 10 "
+            "(2023-07-01). Use is_animated instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return categories[name]
+    raise AttributeError(f"module '{__name__}' has no attribute '{name}'")
 
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -926,12 +918,8 @@ def convert_transparency(m, v):
                     transparency = convert_transparency(matrix, transparency)
                 elif len(mode) == 3:
                     transparency = tuple(
-                        [
-                            convert_transparency(
-                                matrix[i * 4 : i * 4 + 4], transparency
-                            )
-                            for i in range(0, len(transparency))
-                        ]
+                        convert_transparency(matrix[i * 4 : i * 4 + 4], transparency)
+                        for i in range(0, len(transparency))
                     )
                 new.info["transparency"] = transparency
             return new
@@ -1934,7 +1922,7 @@ def resize(self, size, resample=None, box=None, reducing_gap=None):
             message = f"Unknown resampling filter ({resample})."
 
             filters = [
-                "{} ({})".format(filter[1], filter[0])
+                f"{filter[1]} ({filter[0]})"
                 for filter in (
                     (NEAREST, "Image.NEAREST"),
                     (LANCZOS, "Image.LANCZOS"),
@@ -2529,7 +2517,7 @@ def __transformer(self, box, image, method, data, resample=NEAREST, fill=1):
                 message = f"Unknown resampling filter ({resample})."
 
             filters = [
-                "{} ({})".format(filter[1], filter[0])
+                f"{filter[1]} ({filter[0]})"
                 for filter in (
                     (NEAREST, "Image.NEAREST"),
                     (BILINEAR, "Image.BILINEAR"),

src/PIL/ImageDraw.py

@@ -174,13 +174,11 @@ def coord_at_angle(coord, angle):
                         angle -= 90
                         distance = width / 2 - 1
                         return tuple(
-                            [
-                                p + (math.floor(p_d) if p_d > 0 else math.ceil(p_d))
-                                for p, p_d in (
-                                    (x, distance * math.cos(math.radians(angle))),
-                                    (y, distance * math.sin(math.radians(angle))),
-                                )
-                            ]
+                            p + (math.floor(p_d) if p_d > 0 else math.ceil(p_d))
+                            for p, p_d in (
+                                (x, distance * math.cos(math.radians(angle))),
+                                (y, distance * math.sin(math.radians(angle))),
+                            )
                         )
 
                     flipped = (
@@ -979,6 +977,6 @@ def _color_diff(color1, color2):
     Uses 1-norm distance to calculate difference between two values.
     """
     if isinstance(color2, tuple):
-        return sum([abs(color1[i] - color2[i]) for i in range(0, len(color2))])
+        return sum(abs(color1[i] - color2[i]) for i in range(0, len(color2)))
     else:
         return abs(color1 - color2)

src/PIL/PdfParser.py

@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ def write_header(self):
         self.f.write(b"%PDF-1.4\n")
 
     def write_comment(self, s):
-        self.f.write(f"% {s}\n".encode("utf-8"))
+        self.f.write(f"% {s}\n".encode())
 
     def write_catalog(self):
         self.del_root()
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ def get_value(cls, data, offset, expect_indirect=None, max_nesting=-1):
         if m:
             # filter out whitespace
             hex_string = bytearray(
-                [b for b in m.group(1) if b in b"0123456789abcdefABCDEF"]
+                b for b in m.group(1) if b in b"0123456789abcdefABCDEF"
             )
             if len(hex_string) % 2 == 1:
                 # append a 0 if the length is not even - yes, at the end