Fix: bump Go SDK module version to /v3

[thomas11]

This was forgotten when releasing v3 of the provider. Added a test to catch this next time.

go get upgraded p/p, so I upgraded it everywhere to avoid errors due to version conflicts.

The bump of the two upgrade tests wasn't necessary but now that it's done I decided to leave it in.

For the record: some of the Go integration tests in examples/ didn't have replace directives for azure native. That should be fine for test execution since examples_go_test generates the correct replacements at runtime. However, due to the missing replacements, go mod tidy kept an indirect reference to the v2 sdk, which then broke the runtime replacement generation:
go mod edit -replace github.com/pulumi/pulumi-azure-native-sdk/----->v2<-----=/home/runner/work/pulumi-azure-native/pulumi-azure-native/sdk/pulumi-azure-native-sdk'

[Copilot]

Pull Request Overview

This PR bumps the Go module version references from v2 to v3 and adds a test to catch version mismatches.

• Update constant values in schema.go (goBasePath and goModuleVersion) to reflect v3.
• Update the import path pattern in the schema generation to incorporate the new version.
• Add TestGoModuleVersionMatches in schema_test.go to verify the Go module version consistency.

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 2 out of 2 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

File	Description
provider/pkg/gen/schema_test.go	Introduces a test case to validate the updated Go module version.
provider/pkg/gen/schema.go	Updates constants and import path pattern to bump module version.

[github-actions]

Does the PR have any schema changes?

Looking good! No breaking changes found.
No new resources/functions.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

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Additional details and impacted files

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[pulumi-bot]

This PR has been shipped in release v3.0.1.