Fix PlanRemoteProjections

[rongrong]

When a function/operator only has constants as input, processedArguments.size() could be 0.
Previous logic can produce index out of bound exception.

Test plan - unit test

== RELEASE NOTES ==

General Changes
* Fix a bug where queries that have both remote functions and a local function with only constant arguments could throw an IndexOutOfBoundException during planning. The bug was introduced in release 0.253 by :pr:`16039`.

[rschlussel]

For the release note, can you clarify the error case? "remote functions and local function with only constant arguments" isn't clear to me. Does that mean remote or local functions with only constant arguments? also, instead of the PR the bug was introduced in, maybe share the release number where it was introduced.

[rongrong]

For the release note, can you clarify the error case? "remote functions and local function with only constant arguments" isn't clear to me. Does that mean remote or local functions with only constant arguments? also, instead of the PR the bug was introduced in, maybe share the release number where it was introduced.

I tried to modify it to make it clearer. Basically what I want to say is that 1) the query has remote functions (cause otherwise we'd by-pass the rule at the beginning) 2) it also has local functions that only has constant arguments. Please help me reword it if you can describe it better. Thanks!