refactor: Stage execute and unwind take an immutable provider reference instead

[joshieDo]

No need for mutable reference anymore

[joshieDo]

blocked by #3384

[mattsse]

lgtm

no longer blocked @joshieDo

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #3390 (692a675) into main (085a703) will increase coverage by 0.02%.
The diff coverage is 63.95%.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
bin/reth/src/debug_cmd/merkle.rs	1.18% <0.00%> (ø)
bin/reth/src/stage/dump/execution.rs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
bin/reth/src/stage/dump/hashing_account.rs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
bin/reth/src/stage/dump/hashing_storage.rs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
bin/reth/src/stage/dump/merkle.rs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
bin/reth/src/stage/run.rs	1.39% <0.00%> (ø)
crates/stages/src/stage.rs	96.38% <ø> (ø)
testing/ef-tests/src/cases/blockchain_test.rs	4.87% <0.00%> (+0.11%)	⬆️
crates/stages/src/pipeline/mod.rs	86.92% <100.00%> (ø)
crates/stages/src/stages/bodies.rs	90.54% <100.00%> (ø)
... and 13 more

... and 12 files with indirect coverage changes

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration-tests	16.29% <0.00%> (-0.01%)	⬇️
unit-tests	64.30% <63.95%> (+0.03%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Components	Coverage Δ
reth binary	23.46% <0.00%> (ø)
blockchain tree	81.36% <ø> (ø)
pipeline	88.02% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
storage (db)	73.99% <ø> (ø)
trie	95.64% <ø> (ø)
txpool	51.88% <ø> (+0.64%)	⬆️
networking	77.90% <ø> (-0.01%)	⬇️
rpc	58.08% <ø> (-0.01%)	⬇️
consensus/evm	46.83% <ø> (ø)
payload builder	6.83% <ø> (ø)
primitives	88.61% <ø> (-0.02%)	⬇️