🚀 My journey on web development through this awesome Web Development Tutorial focused on HTML & CSS, authored and maintained by Oliver James.
Interneting is Hard is a 100% free and friendly web development tutorials, made to help transform complete beginners into talented Interneting professionals.
Nº 01 Introduction
✳ A short but solid concept about web development, which helped me understand how HTML, CSS and JS are connected. Now I am able to implement good practices to develop a website.😎
Nº 02 Basic Web Pages
✳ This chapter introduced me to raw HTML structure (that I'm already totally familiar with it, but extra knowledge never hurts 😊 ).
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Basic Web Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Basics of HTML</h1>
<p>How use tags, create lists,
inline elements and more.</p>
</body>
</html>Nº 03 Links and Images
- ✅How create and manipulate links:
<a href="https://www.internetingishard.com/">Interneting Is Hard</a>- 💡 Most common image formats:
<h2>JPGs</h2>
<p>JPG images are good for photos.</p>
<img src="images/mochi.jpg"/>
<h2>GIFs</h2>
<p>GIFs are good for animations.</p>
<img src="images/mochi.gif"/>
<h2>PNGs</h2>
<p>PNGs are good for diagrams and icons.</p>
<img src="images/mochi.png"/>
<h2>SVGs</h2>
<p>SVGs are <em>amazing</em>. Use them wherever you can.</p>
<img src="images/mochi.svg"/>Nº 04 Hello,CSS
✳ Introduction to CSS basics, styling headings and lists.( Again, just learning some extras here.)
On my own, I went further and started playing with pseudo-classes (like: root) and also tried give some minimalist effect to links.😅
Nº 05 Box Model
✳ In this chapter, i dove deep to box model concepts.
- Everything is a box. 📦
- Boxes can be inline or block-level.
- Boxes have content, padding, borders, and margins.
- They also have seemingly arbitrary rules about how they interact.
Nº 06 Selectors
✅I learned how to properly use classes, pseudo-classes and ids and implement in many ways.
Nº 07 Floats
✅ Learned how deal with horizontal alignment and had fun creating a magazine layout. I released that floats are good but also limited 😅.
Nº 08 Flexbox
✳ Yay! Finally, Flexbox Chapter. One of the best tutorials I've ever seen on Internet, easy and very detailed. Now I feel confident to create layouts. ;)
💡 Quick Tips:
- Use
display: flex;to create a flex container. - Use
justify-contentto define the horizontal alignment of items. - Use
align-itemsto define the vertical alignment of items. - Use
flex-directionif you need columns instead of rows. - Use the
row-reverseor column-reverse values to flip item order. - Use
orderto customize the order of individual elements. - Use
align-selfto vertically align individual items. - Use
flexto create flexible boxes that can stretch and shrink.
Nº 09 Advanced Positioning
✳ Change a element without mess the layout is really powerfull. This chapter introduced me to relative ,absolute, relatively absolute and fixed and as exercise we made a drop-down menu(not responsive yet!) wrapping all this techniques learned.
💡 Quick Tips:
-
position:relative- tweak the position of an element without affecting its surrounding boxes. -
position:absolute- take elements out of the static flow of the page and place them relative to the browser window. -
position:fixed- let us make elements that don't scroll with the rest of the page. -
Relatively Absolute (
position:relativeon parent ->position:absoluteon child) - allow us to hook back into the static flow of the page.
Nº 10 Responsive Design
✳During this chapter, I learned about important concepts of responsive design, such as:
- Difference between fluid layouts and fixed-width layouts.
- How use media queries to create layouts for mobile, tablet and desktop.
- How create a mobile first stylesheet.
Design pattern used: Layout Shifter
Nº 11 Responsive Images
✳ Making a image responsive is way more complicated than just making a responsive design, but using the right methods, the results can be very good.
💡 Quick Tips:
-
Retina Optimization:
Using
srcsetto optimize for screen resolution.
💠 Great for images less than 600 pixels wide because they aren’t big enough to benefit from the second scenario.
<img src='illustration-small.png'
srcset='images/illustration-small.png 1x,
images/illustration-big.png 2x'
style='max-width: 500px' />-
Screen Width Optimization:
Using
srcsetplussizesto optimize for device width.
💠 This method gives a very important optimization for larger images, especially full-bleed photos.
<img src='images/photo-small.jpg'
srcset='images/photo-big.jpg 2000w,
images/photo-small.jpg 1000w'
sizes='(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw' />-
Art Direction using
<picture>:Using the
<picture>element for manual control over which image file is displayed.
💠 Think of art direction as responsive image optimization for designers.
<picture>
<source media='(min-width: 401px)'
srcset='images/photo-big.jpg'/>
<source media='(max-width: 400px)'
srcset='images/photo-tall.jpg'/>
<img src='images/photo-small.jpg'/>
</picture>
Nº 12 Semantic HTML
✳ “Semantic HTML” refers to the idea that all your HTML markup should convey the underlying meaning of your content—not its appearance.
💡 Quick Tips:
▪ <article> -> Represents an independent article in a web page.
👍 It should only wrap content that can be plucked out of your page and distributed in a completely different context.
▪ <section> -> This is sort of like an article, except it doesn’t need to make sense outside the context of the document.
▪ <nav> -> Lets you mark up the various navigation sections of your website.
👍 This goes for the main site navigation, links to related pages in a sidebar, tables of content, and pretty much any group of links.
▪<header> -> It denotes introductory content for a section, article, or entire web page.
👍 Not to be confused with headings (the
<h1>-<h6>elements).
▪ <footer> -> Conceptually, footers are basically the same as headers, except they generally come at end of an article/website opposed to the beginning.
▪ <aside> -> If the content looks different than the rest of the article, chances are it’s an aside.
Nº 13 HTML Forms
✳ Through this chapter, I learned about...
- ✅ best CSS and HTML practices for forms.
- ✅ differences between post and get methods.
- ✅ how works forms elements(inputs, labels...).
- ✅ how create a responsive form.
Nº 14 Web Typography
Where to find web fonts, hosting locally versus externally, dealing with multiple font faces, and basic typographic principles like text alignment, leading, and measure.
✳The goal of this chapter was twofold:
- Learn the mechanics of web fonts and basic CSS typography properties.
- Understand how designers think about typography.