[Backport 2.19-dev] fields Command Enhancement - Advanced Field Selection Features (Cal…

core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/analysis/Analyzer.java

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.tuple.ImmutablePair;
@@ -285,13 +286,6 @@ public LogicalPlan visitFilter(Filter node, AnalysisContext context) {
     return new LogicalFilter(child, optimized);
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Ensure NESTED function is not used in GROUP BY, and HAVING clauses. Fallback to legacy engine.
-   * Can remove when support is added for NESTED function in WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, and HAVING
-   * clauses.
-   *
-   * @param condition : Filter condition
-   */
   private void verifySupportsCondition(Expression condition) {
     if (condition instanceof FunctionExpression) {
       if (((FunctionExpression) condition)
@@ -387,53 +381,106 @@ public LogicalPlan visitRareTopN(RareTopN node, AnalysisContext context) {
   public LogicalPlan visitProject(Project node, AnalysisContext context) {
     LogicalPlan child = node.getChild().get(0).accept(this, context);
 
-    if (node.hasArgument()) {
-      Argument argument = node.getArgExprList().get(0);
-      Boolean exclude = (Boolean) argument.getValue().getValue();
-      if (exclude) {
-        TypeEnvironment curEnv = context.peek();
-        List<ReferenceExpression> referenceExpressions =
-            node.getProjectList().stream()
-                .map(expr -> (ReferenceExpression) expressionAnalyzer.analyze(expr, context))
-                .collect(Collectors.toList());
-        referenceExpressions.forEach(ref -> curEnv.remove(ref));
-        return new LogicalRemove(child, ImmutableSet.copyOf(referenceExpressions));
-      }
+    if (isExcludeMode(node)) {
+      return buildLogicalRemove(node, child, context);
     }
 
-    // For each unresolved window function, analyze it by "insert" a window and sort operator
-    // between project and its child.
-    for (UnresolvedExpression expr : node.getProjectList()) {
-      WindowExpressionAnalyzer windowAnalyzer =
-          new WindowExpressionAnalyzer(expressionAnalyzer, child);
-      child = windowAnalyzer.analyze(expr, context);
-    }
-
-    for (UnresolvedExpression expr : node.getProjectList()) {
-      HighlightAnalyzer highlightAnalyzer = new HighlightAnalyzer(expressionAnalyzer, child);
-      child = highlightAnalyzer.analyze(expr, context);
-    }
+    child = processWindowExpressions(node.getProjectList(), child, context);
+    child = processHighlightExpressions(node.getProjectList(), child, context);
 
     List<NamedExpression> namedExpressions =
-        selectExpressionAnalyzer.analyze(
-            node.getProjectList(),
-            context,
-            new ExpressionReferenceOptimizer(expressionAnalyzer.getRepository(), child));
-
-    for (UnresolvedExpression expr : node.getProjectList()) {
-      NestedAnalyzer nestedAnalyzer =
-          new NestedAnalyzer(namedExpressions, expressionAnalyzer, child);
-      child = nestedAnalyzer.analyze(expr, context);
-    }
+        resolveFieldExpressions(node.getProjectList(), child, context);
+
+    child = processNestedAnalysis(node.getProjectList(), namedExpressions, child, context);
 
-    // new context
     context.push();
     TypeEnvironment newEnv = context.peek();
     namedExpressions.forEach(
         expr ->
             newEnv.define(new Symbol(Namespace.FIELD_NAME, expr.getNameOrAlias()), expr.type()));
-    List<NamedExpression> namedParseExpressions = context.getNamedParseExpressions();
-    return new LogicalProject(child, namedExpressions, namedParseExpressions);
+
+    return new LogicalProject(child, namedExpressions, context.getNamedParseExpressions());
+  }
+
+  private boolean isExcludeMode(Project node) {
+    if (!node.hasArgument()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    try {
+      Argument argument = node.getArgExprList().get(0);
+      Object value = argument.getValue().getValue();
+      return Boolean.TRUE.equals(value);
+    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException | NullPointerException e) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private LogicalRemove buildLogicalRemove(
+      Project node, LogicalPlan child, AnalysisContext context) {
+    TypeEnvironment curEnv = context.peek();
+    List<ReferenceExpression> referenceExpressions =
+        collectExclusionFields(node.getProjectList(), context);
+
+    Set<String> allFields = curEnv.lookupAllFields(Namespace.FIELD_NAME).keySet();
+    Set<String> fieldsToExclude =
+        referenceExpressions.stream().map(ReferenceExpression::getAttr).collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+    if (allFields.equals(fieldsToExclude)) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+          "Invalid field exclusion: operation would exclude all fields from the result set");
+    }
+
+    referenceExpressions.forEach(curEnv::remove);
+    return new LogicalRemove(child, ImmutableSet.copyOf(referenceExpressions));
+  }
+
+  private LogicalPlan processWindowExpressions(
+      List<UnresolvedExpression> projectList, LogicalPlan child, AnalysisContext context) {
+    for (UnresolvedExpression expr : projectList) {
+      child = new WindowExpressionAnalyzer(expressionAnalyzer, child).analyze(expr, context);
+    }
+    return child;
+  }
+
+  private LogicalPlan processHighlightExpressions(
+      List<UnresolvedExpression> projectList, LogicalPlan child, AnalysisContext context) {
+    for (UnresolvedExpression expr : projectList) {
+      child = new HighlightAnalyzer(expressionAnalyzer, child).analyze(expr, context);
+    }
+    return child;
+  }
+
+  private List<NamedExpression> resolveFieldExpressions(
+      List<UnresolvedExpression> projectList, LogicalPlan child, AnalysisContext context) {
+    return selectExpressionAnalyzer.analyze(
+        projectList,
+        context,
+        new ExpressionReferenceOptimizer(expressionAnalyzer.getRepository(), child));
+  }
+
+  private LogicalPlan processNestedAnalysis(
+      List<UnresolvedExpression> projectList,
+      List<NamedExpression> namedExpressions,
+      LogicalPlan child,
+      AnalysisContext context) {
+    for (UnresolvedExpression expr : projectList) {
+      child =
+          new NestedAnalyzer(namedExpressions, expressionAnalyzer, child).analyze(expr, context);
+    }
+    return child;
+  }
+
+  private List<ReferenceExpression> collectExclusionFields(
+      List<UnresolvedExpression> projectList, AnalysisContext context) {
+    List<NamedExpression> namedExpressions =
+        projectList.stream()
+            .map(expr -> expressionAnalyzer.analyze(expr, context))
+            .map(DSL::named)
+            .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+    return namedExpressions.stream()
+        .map(field -> (ReferenceExpression) field.getDelegated())
+        .collect(Collectors.toList());
   }
 
   /** Build {@link LogicalEval}. */
@@ -745,10 +792,6 @@ private LogicalSort buildSort(
     return new LogicalSort(child, count, sortList);
   }
 
-  /**
-   * The first argument is always "asc", others are optional. Given nullFirst argument, use its
-   * value. Otherwise just use DEFAULT_ASC/DESC.
-   */
   private SortOption analyzeSortOption(List<Argument> fieldArgs) {
     Boolean asc = (Boolean) fieldArgs.get(0).getValue().getValue();
     Optional<Argument> nullFirst =

core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/calcite/CalciteRelNodeVisitor.java

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.calcite.utils.JoinAndLookupUtils;
 import org.opensearch.sql.calcite.utils.PlanUtils;
 import org.opensearch.sql.calcite.utils.UserDefinedFunctionUtils;
+import org.opensearch.sql.calcite.utils.WildcardUtils;
 import org.opensearch.sql.common.patterns.PatternUtils;
 import org.opensearch.sql.common.utils.StringUtils;
 import org.opensearch.sql.exception.CalciteUnsupportedException;
@@ -192,31 +193,116 @@ private boolean containsSubqueryExpression(Node expr) {
   @Override
   public RelNode visitProject(Project node, CalcitePlanContext context) {
     visitChildren(node, context);
-    List<RexNode> projectList;
-    if (node.getProjectList().size() == 1
-        && node.getProjectList().get(0) instanceof AllFields) {
-      AllFields allFields = (AllFields) node.getProjectList().get(0);
-      tryToRemoveNestedFields(context);
-      tryToRemoveMetaFields(context, allFields instanceof AllFieldsExcludeMeta);
-      return context.relBuilder.peek();
-    } else {
-      projectList =
-          node.getProjectList().stream()
-              .map(expr -> rexVisitor.analyze(expr, context))
-              .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+    if (isSingleAllFieldsProject(node)) {
+      return handleAllFieldsProject(node, context);
     }
+
+    List<String> currentFields = context.relBuilder.peek().getRowType().getFieldNames();
+    List<RexNode> expandedFields =
+        expandProjectFields(node.getProjectList(), currentFields, context);
+
     if (node.isExcluded()) {
-      context.relBuilder.projectExcept(projectList);
+      validateExclusion(expandedFields, currentFields);
+      context.relBuilder.projectExcept(expandedFields);
     } else {
-      // Only set when not resolving subquery and it's not projectExcept.
       if (!context.isResolvingSubquery()) {
         context.setProjectVisited(true);
       }
-      context.relBuilder.project(projectList);
+      context.relBuilder.project(expandedFields);
+    }
+    return context.relBuilder.peek();
+  }
+
+  private boolean isSingleAllFieldsProject(Project node) {
+    return node.getProjectList().size() == 1
+        && node.getProjectList().get(0) instanceof AllFields;
+  }
+
+  private RelNode handleAllFieldsProject(Project node, CalcitePlanContext context) {
+    if (node.isExcluded()) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+          "Invalid field exclusion: operation would exclude all fields from the result set");
     }
+    AllFields allFields = (AllFields) node.getProjectList().get(0);
+    tryToRemoveNestedFields(context);
+    tryToRemoveMetaFields(context, allFields instanceof AllFieldsExcludeMeta);
     return context.relBuilder.peek();
   }
 
+  private List<RexNode> expandProjectFields(
+      List<UnresolvedExpression> projectList,
+      List<String> currentFields,
+      CalcitePlanContext context) {
+    List<RexNode> expandedFields = new ArrayList<>();
+    Set<String> addedFields = new HashSet<>();
+
+    for (UnresolvedExpression expr : projectList) {
+      if (expr instanceof Field) {
+        Field field = (Field) expr;
+        String fieldName = field.getField().toString();
+        if (WildcardUtils.containsWildcard(fieldName)) {
+          List<String> matchingFields =
+              WildcardUtils.expandWildcardPattern(fieldName, currentFields).stream()
+                  .filter(f -> !isMetadataField(f))
+                  .filter(addedFields::add)
+                  .collect(Collectors.toList());
+          if (matchingFields.isEmpty()) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          matchingFields.forEach(f -> expandedFields.add(context.relBuilder.field(f)));
+        } else if (addedFields.add(fieldName)) {
+          expandedFields.add(rexVisitor.analyze(field, context));
+        }
+      } else if (expr instanceof AllFields) {
+        currentFields.stream()
+            .filter(field -> !isMetadataField(field))
+            .filter(addedFields::add)
+            .forEach(field -> expandedFields.add(context.relBuilder.field(field)));
+      } else {
+        throw new IllegalStateException(
+            "Unexpected expression type in project list: " + expr.getClass().getSimpleName());
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (expandedFields.isEmpty()) {
+      validateWildcardPatterns(projectList, currentFields);
+    }
+
+    return expandedFields;
+  }
+
+  private void validateExclusion(List<RexNode> fieldsToExclude, List<String> currentFields) {
+    Set<String> nonMetaFields =
+        currentFields.stream().filter(field -> !isMetadataField(field)).collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+    if (fieldsToExclude.size() >= nonMetaFields.size()) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+          "Invalid field exclusion: operation would exclude all fields from the result set");
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void validateWildcardPatterns(
+      List<UnresolvedExpression> projectList, List<String> currentFields) {
+    String firstWildcardPattern =
+        projectList.stream()
+            .filter(expr -> expr instanceof Field)
+            .map(expr -> (Field) expr)
+            .filter(field -> WildcardUtils.containsWildcard(field.getField().toString()))
+            .map(field -> field.getField().toString())
+            .findFirst()
+            .orElse(null);
+
+    if (firstWildcardPattern != null) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+          String.format("wildcard pattern [%s] matches no fields", firstWildcardPattern));
+    }
+  }
+
+  private boolean isMetadataField(String fieldName) {
+    return OpenSearchConstants.METADATAFIELD_TYPE_MAP.containsKey(fieldName);
+  }
+
   /** See logic in {@link org.opensearch.sql.analysis.symbol.SymbolTable#lookupAllFields} */
   private static void tryToRemoveNestedFields(CalcitePlanContext context) {
     Set<String> allFields = new HashSet<>(context.relBuilder.peek().getRowType().getFieldNames());
@@ -503,7 +589,6 @@ public RelNode visitPatterns(Patterns node, CalcitePlanContext context) {
   @Override
   public RelNode visitEval(Eval node, CalcitePlanContext context) {
     visitChildren(node, context);
-    List<String> originalFieldNames = context.relBuilder.peek().getRowType().getFieldNames();
     node.getExpressionList()
         .forEach(
             expr -> {