[api-logs] Add internal artifacts for OTel spec log bridge API

[CodeBlanch]

Relates to #4433

Changes

• Adds internal artifacts to OpenTelemetry.Api for implementing the Logs Bridge API from spec (now stable but we'll keep everything internal for now)

• Moves LogRecordData and LogRecordAttributeList from SDK into API

Merge requirement checklist

• CONTRIBUTING guidelines followed (nullable enabled, static analysis, etc.)
• Unit tests added/updated
  * [X] Appropriate CHANGELOG.md files updated for non-trivial changes
• Changes in public API reviewed (if applicable)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #4422 (10ea13a) into main (ef0c921) will decrease coverage by 0.12%.
The diff coverage is 62.19%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #4422      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   84.78%   84.67%   -0.12%     
==========================================
  Files         300      305       +5     
  Lines       12064    12089      +25     
==========================================
+ Hits        10229    10236       +7     
- Misses       1835     1853      +18     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/OpenTelemetry.Api/InstrumentationScope.cs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/OpenTelemetry.Api/Logs/Logger.cs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/OpenTelemetry.Api/Logs/LoggerProvider.cs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
...rc/OpenTelemetry.Api/Logs/LoggerProviderBuilder.cs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/OpenTelemetry.Api/Logs/NoopLogger.cs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/OpenTelemetry/Logs/OpenTelemetryLogger.cs	88.75% <ø> (ø)
...c/OpenTelemetry.Api/Logs/LogRecordAttributeList.cs	68.75% <68.75%> (ø)
src/OpenTelemetry.Api/Logs/LogRecordData.cs	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 6 files with indirect coverage changes

[alanwest]

Approving to unblock. We can get into the weeds as we begin exposing things.