Added support for go1.23, bumped the minimum version to 1.22

[codeboten]

No description provided.

[songy23]

check-links failed though doesn't seem related to this change https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector/actions/runs/10374150084/job/28720957270?pr=10869

[codeboten]

@songy23 opened a pr here: #10874

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 0% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 91.65%. Comparing base (23236b4) to head (dcf87b4).
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
cmd/builder/internal/builder/main.go	0.00%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main   #10869   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   91.65%   91.65%           
=======================================
  Files         406      406           
  Lines       19035    19035           
=======================================
  Hits        17446    17446           
  Misses       1229     1229           
  Partials      360      360           

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[TylerHelmuth]

There is a 1.22.4 lurking in build-and-test-arm.yml. Also a

    "constraints": {
      "go": "1.21"
    },

in renovate.json