Proof of Storage

[martyall]

• Add "proof of storage" (i.e. the storage provider possesses the data) and verification
• Add tests

cli + e2e tests will be coming in #2979

Example test output excerpt:

> RUST_LOG=debug SRS_FILEPATH=../srs/test_vesta.srs cargo test -p saffron test_storage_prove_verify --release -- --nocapture

2025-01-28T09:10:21.815Z DEBUG commit_to_field_elems: saffron::commitment: close time.busy=1.34s time.idle=4.11µs
2025-01-28T09:10:21.817Z DEBUG fold_commitments: saffron::commitment: close time.busy=1.13ms time.idle=2.60µs
2025-01-28T09:10:23.463Z DEBUG encode:commit_to_blob_data: saffron::blob: close time.busy=1.41s time.idle=3.93µs
2025-01-28T09:10:23.463Z DEBUG encode: saffron::blob: Encoded 24.11 MB into 12 polynomials
2025-01-28T09:10:23.465Z DEBUG encode: saffron::blob: close time.busy=1.65s time.idle=1.89µs
2025-01-28T09:10:24.702Z DEBUG storage_proof: saffron::proof: close time.busy=1.24s time.idle=2.23µs
2025-01-28T09:10:24.861Z DEBUG verify_storage_proof: saffron::proof: close time.busy=159ms time.idle=2.31µs

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 97.56098% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 76.87%. Comparing base (4cec14e) to head (97ee9f7).
Report is 23 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
saffron/src/proof.rs	97.56%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #2971      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   76.85%   76.87%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         261      262       +1     
  Lines       61351    61445      +94     
==========================================
+ Hits        47149    47234      +85     
- Misses      14202    14211       +9     

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