feat: mark instructions after invalid array operations as unreachable

[TomAFrench]

Description

Problem*

Resolves

Summary*

Currently we don't mark array operations as "always failing" under any circumstances. We can however do this if we know that the index points past the end of the array at compile time or that the array has length zero.

This PR then marks these instructions as always failing.

Additional Context

Documentation*

Check one:

• No documentation needed.
• Documentation included in this PR.
• [For Experimental Features] Documentation to be submitted in a separate PR.

PR Checklist*

• I have tested the changes locally.
• I have formatted the changes with Prettier and/or cargo fmt on default settings.

[github-actions]

⚠️ Performance Alert ⚠️

Possible performance regression was detected for benchmark 'Execution Memory'.
Benchmark result of this commit is worse than the previous benchmark result exceeding threshold 1.20.

Benchmark suite	Current: 73d2340	Previous: e7a98f2	Ratio
private-kernel-reset	449.77 MB	237.94 MB	1.89

This comment was automatically generated by workflow using github-action-benchmark.

CC: @TomAFrench

[TomAFrench]

Let's merge this after #9211 as it'll cause conflicts and that one has more of an immediate impact.

[TomAFrench]

This merge was janky and likely incorrect.

[github-actions]

Changes to circuit sizes

Generated at commit: 8dac11029686c1045db4d2f3856410cfbf166819, compared to commit: 92f56e7128abe06cb92ed4d824ebf950f2e415e9

🧾 Summary (10% most significant diffs)

Program	ACIR opcodes (+/-)	%	Circuit size (+/-)	%
conditional_1	-115 ✅	-4.18%	-137 ✅	-1.68%

---

Full diff report 👇

Program	ACIR opcodes (+/-)	%	Circuit size (+/-)	%
conditional_1	2,639 (-115)	-4.18%	8,003 (-137)	-1.68%

[github-actions]

⚠️ Performance Alert ⚠️

Possible performance regression was detected for benchmark 'Test Suite Duration'.
Benchmark result of this commit is worse than the previous benchmark result exceeding threshold 1.20.

Benchmark suite	Current: e8a4fd7	Previous: 92f56e7	Ratio
test_report_zkpassport_noir_rsa_	2 s	1 s	2

This comment was automatically generated by workflow using github-action-benchmark.

CC: @TomAFrench