esm: provide named exports for builtin libs

provide named exports for all builtin libraries so that the libraries may be
imported in a nicer way for esm users: `import { readFile } from 'fs'`
instead of importing the entire namespace, `import fs from 'fs'`, and
calling `fs.readFile`. the default export is left as the entire
namespace (module.exports)

doc/api/esm.md

@@ -95,8 +95,26 @@ When loaded via `import` these modules will provide a single `default` export
 representing the value of `module.exports` at the time they finished evaluating.
 
 ```js
-import fs from 'fs';
-fs.readFile('./foo.txt', (err, body) => {
+// foo.js
+module.exports = { one: 1 };
+
+// bar.js
+import foo from './foo.js';
+foo.one === 1; // true
+```
+
+Builtin modules will provide named exports of their public API, as well as a
+default export which can be used for, among other things, modifying the named
+exports.
+
+```js
+import EventEmitter from 'events';
+const e = new EventEmitter();
+```
+
+```js
+import { readFile } from 'fs';
+readFile('./foo.txt', (err, body) => {
   if (err) {
     console.error(err);
   } else {
@@ -105,6 +123,14 @@ fs.readFile('./foo.txt', (err, body) => {
 });
 ```
 
+```js
+import fs, { readFileSync } from 'fs';
+
+fs.readFileSync = () => Buffer.from('Hello, ESM');
+
+fs.readFileSync === readFileSync;
+```
+
 ## Loader hooks
 
 <!-- type=misc -->

lib/internal/bootstrap/loaders.js

@@ -95,6 +95,8 @@
     this.filename = `${id}.js`;
     this.id = id;
     this.exports = {};
+    this.reflect = undefined;
+    this.exportKeys = undefined;
     this.loaded = false;
     this.loading = false;
   }
@@ -193,6 +195,40 @@
     '\n});'
   ];
 
+  const { isProxy } = internalBinding('types');
+  const {
+    apply: ReflectApply,
+    has: ReflectHas,
+    get: ReflectGet,
+    set: ReflectSet,
+    defineProperty: ReflectDefineProperty,
+    deleteProperty: ReflectDeleteProperty,
+    getOwnPropertyDescriptor: ReflectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor,
+  } = Reflect;
+  const {
+    toString: ObjectToString,
+  } = Object.prototype;
+  let isNative;
+  {
+    const { toString } = Function.prototype;
+    const re = toString.call(toString)
+      .replace(/[\\^$.*+?()[\]{}|]/g, '\\$&')
+      .replace(/toString|(function ).*?(?=\\\()/g, '$1.*?');
+    const nativeRegExp = new RegExp(`^${re}$`);
+    isNative = (fn) => {
+      if (typeof fn === 'function') {
+        try {
+          if (nativeRegExp.test(toString.call(fn))) {
+            const { name } = fn;
+            if (typeof name !== 'string' || !/^bound /.test(name))
+              return !isProxy(fn);
+          }
+        } catch (e) {}
+      }
+      return false;
+    };
+  }
+
   NativeModule.prototype.compile = function() {
     let source = NativeModule.getSource(this.id);
     source = NativeModule.wrap(source);
@@ -208,6 +244,93 @@
         NativeModule.require;
       fn(this.exports, requireFn, this, process);
 
+      if (config.experimentalModules) {
+        this.exportKeys = Object.keys(this.exports);
+
+        const update = (property, value) => {
+          if (this.reflect !== undefined && this.exportKeys.includes(property))
+            this.reflect.exports[property].set(value);
+        };
+
+        const methodWrapMap = new WeakMap();
+
+        const wrap = (target, name, value) => {
+          if (typeof value !== 'function' || !isNative(value)) {
+            return value;
+          }
+
+          if (methodWrapMap.has(value))
+            return methodWrapMap.get(value);
+
+          const p = new Proxy(value, {
+            apply: (t, thisArg, args) => {
+              if (thisArg === proxy || (this.reflect !== undefined &&
+                  this.reflect.namespace !== undefined &&
+                  thisArg === this.reflect.namespace)) {
+                thisArg = target;
+              }
+              return ReflectApply(t, thisArg, args);
+            },
+            __proto__: null,
+          });
+
+          methodWrapMap.set(value, p);
+
+          return p;
+        };
+
+        const proxy = new Proxy(this.exports, {
+          set: (target, prop, value, receiver) => {
+            if (receiver === proxy || (this.reflect !== undefined &&
+              this.reflect.namespace !== undefined &&
+              receiver === this.reflect.namespace))
+              receiver = target;
+            if (ReflectSet(target, prop, value, receiver)) {
+              update(prop, ReflectGet(target, prop, receiver));
+              return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+          },
+          defineProperty: (target, prop, descriptor) => {
+            if (ReflectDefineProperty(target, prop, descriptor)) {
+              update(prop, ReflectGet(target, prop));
+              return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+          },
+          deleteProperty: (target, prop) => {
+            if (ReflectDeleteProperty(target, prop)) {
+              update(prop, undefined);
+              return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+          },
+          getOwnPropertyDescriptor: (target, prop) => {
+            const descriptor = ReflectGetOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, prop);
+            if (descriptor && ReflectHas(descriptor, 'value'))
+              descriptor.value = wrap(target, prop, descriptor.value);
+            return descriptor;
+          },
+          get: (target, prop, receiver) => {
+            if (receiver === proxy || (this.reflect !== undefined &&
+                this.reflect.namespace !== undefined &&
+                receiver === this.reflect.namespace)) {
+              receiver = target;
+            }
+            const value = ReflectGet(target, prop, receiver);
+            if (prop === Symbol.toStringTag &&
+                typeof target !== 'function' &&
+                typeof value !== 'string') {
+              const toStringTag = ObjectToString.call(target).slice(8, -1);
+              return toStringTag === 'Object' ? value : toStringTag;
+            }
+            return wrap(target, prop, value);
+          },
+          __proto__: null,
+        });
+        this.exports = proxy;
+      }
+
       this.loaded = true;
     } finally {
       this.loading = false;

lib/internal/bootstrap/node.js

@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
       // If global console has the same method as inspector console,
       // then wrap these two methods into one. Native wrapper will preserve
       // the original stack.
-      wrappedConsole[key] = consoleCall.bind(wrappedConsole,
+      wrappedConsole[key] = consoleCall.bind(null,
                                              originalConsole[key],
                                              wrappedConsole[key],
                                              config);

lib/internal/modules/esm/create_dynamic_module.js

@@ -52,9 +52,10 @@ const createDynamicModule = (exports, url = '', evaluate) => {
   const module = new ModuleWrap(reexports, `${url}`);
   module.link(async () => reflectiveModule);
   module.instantiate();
+  reflect.namespace = module.namespace();
   return {
     module,
-    reflect
+    reflect,
   };
 };
 

lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js

@@ -59,11 +59,18 @@ translators.set('cjs', async (url) => {
 // through normal resolution
 translators.set('builtin', async (url) => {
   debug(`Translating BuiltinModule ${url}`);
-  return createDynamicModule(['default'], url, (reflect) => {
-    debug(`Loading BuiltinModule ${url}`);
-    const exports = NativeModule.require(url.slice(5));
-    reflect.exports.default.set(exports);
-  });
+  // slice 'node:' scheme
+  const id = url.slice(5);
+  NativeModule.require(id);
+  const module = NativeModule.getCached(id);
+  return createDynamicModule(
+    [...module.exportKeys, 'default'], url, (reflect) => {
+      debug(`Loading BuiltinModule ${url}`);
+      module.reflect = reflect;
+      for (const key of module.exportKeys)
+        reflect.exports[key].set(module.exports[key]);
+      reflect.exports.default.set(module.exports);
+    });
 });
 
 // Strategy for loading a node native module

test/es-module/test-esm-dynamic-import.js

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ function expectFsNamespace(result) {
   Promise.resolve(result)
     .then(common.mustCall(ns => {
       assert.strictEqual(typeof ns.default.writeFile, 'function');
+      assert.strictEqual(typeof ns.writeFile, 'function');
     }));
 }
 

test/es-module/test-esm-live-binding.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Flags: --experimental-modules
+
+import '../common';
+import assert from 'assert';
+
+import fs, { readFile } from 'fs';
+
+const s = Symbol();
+const fn = () => s;
+
+delete fs.readFile;
+assert.strictEqual(fs.readFile, undefined);
+assert.strictEqual(readFile, undefined);
+
+fs.readFile = fn;
+
+assert.strictEqual(fs.readFile(), s);
+assert.strictEqual(readFile(), s);
+
+Reflect.deleteProperty(fs, 'readFile');
+
+Reflect.defineProperty(fs, 'readFile', {
+  value: fn,
+  configurable: true,
+  writable: true,
+});
+
+assert.strictEqual(fs.readFile(), s);
+assert.strictEqual(readFile(), s);
+
+Reflect.deleteProperty(fs, 'readFile');
+assert.strictEqual(fs.readFile, undefined);
+assert.strictEqual(readFile, undefined);
+
+Reflect.defineProperty(fs, 'readFile', {
+  get() { return fn; },
+  set() {},
+  configurable: true,
+});
+
+assert.strictEqual(fs.readFile(), s);
+assert.strictEqual(readFile(), s);

test/es-module/test-esm-namespace.mjs

@@ -2,5 +2,13 @@
 import '../common';
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import assert from 'assert';
+import Module from 'module';
 
-assert.deepStrictEqual(Object.keys(fs), ['default']);
+const keys = Object.entries(
+  Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(new Module().require('fs')))
+  .filter(([name, d]) => d.enumerable)
+  .map(([name]) => name)
+  .concat('default')
+  .sort();
+
+assert.deepStrictEqual(Object.keys(fs).sort(), keys);

test/fixtures/es-module-loaders/js-loader.mjs

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-import _url from 'url';
+import { URL } from 'url';
+
 const builtins = new Set(
   Object.keys(process.binding('natives')).filter(str =>
     /^(?!(?:internal|node|v8)\/)/.test(str))
 )
 
-const baseURL = new _url.URL('file://');
+const baseURL = new URL('file://');
 baseURL.pathname = process.cwd() + '/';
 
 export function resolve (specifier, base = baseURL) {
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ export function resolve (specifier, base = baseURL) {
     };
   }
   // load all dependencies as esm, regardless of file extension
-  const url = new _url.URL(specifier, base).href;
+  const url = new URL(specifier, base).href;
   return {
     url,
     format: 'esm'