Merge tag 'docs-6.13' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
 "Another moderately busy cycle in docsland:

   - Work on Chinese translations has picked up again. Happily, they are
     maintaining the existing translations and not just adding new ones.

   - Some maintenance of the Japanese and Italian translations as well.

   - The removal of the venerable "dontdiff" file. It has long outlived
     its usefulness and contained entries ("parse.*") that would
     actively mask actual source change.

   - The addition of enforcement information to the code-of-conduct
     documentation.

  Along with some build-system fixes and a lot of typo and language
  fixes"

* tag 'docs-6.13' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (52 commits)
  Documentation/CoC: spell out enforcement for unacceptable behaviors
  docs: fix typos and whitespace in Documentation/process/backporting.rst
  docs/zh_CN: fix one sentence in llvm.rst
  docs: bug-bisect: add a note about bisecting -next
  docs/zh_CN: add the translation of kbuild/llvm.rst
  Documentation: Fix incorrect paths/magic in magic numbers rst
  Documentation/maintainer-tip: Fix typos
  Documentation: Improve crash_kexec_post_notifiers description
  Docs/zh_CN: Translate physical_memory.rst to Simplified Chinese
  Documentation: admin: reorganize kernel-parameters intro
  docs/zh_CN: update the translation of process/programming-language.rst
  docs/zh_CN: update the translation of mm/page_owner.rst
  docs/zh_CN: update the translation of mm/page_table_check.rst
  docs/zh_CN: update the translation of mm/overcommit-accounting.rst
  docs/zh_CN: update the translation of mm/admon/faq.rst
  docs/zh_CN: update the translation of mm/active_mm.rst
  docs/zh_CN: update the translation of mm/hmm.rst
  docs: remove Documentation/dontdiff
  docs/zh_CN: Add a entry in Chinese glossary
  Docs/zh_CN: Fix the pfn calculation error in page_tables.rst
  ...

.mailmap

@@ -730,6 +730,7 @@ Will Deacon <[email protected]> <[email protected]>
 Wolfram Sang <[email protected]> <[email protected]>
 Wolfram Sang <[email protected]> <[email protected]>
 Yakir Yang <[email protected]> <[email protected]>
+Yanteng Si <[email protected]> <[email protected]>
 Yusuke Goda <[email protected]>
 Zack Rusin <[email protected]> <[email protected]>
 Zhu Yanjun <[email protected]> <[email protected]>

Documentation/admin-guide/bug-bisect.rst

@@ -108,6 +108,27 @@ a fully reliable and straight-forward way to reproduce the regression, too.*
 With that the process is complete. Now report the regression as described by
 Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst.
 
+Bisecting linux-next
+--------------------
+
+If you face a problem only happening in linux-next, bisect between the
+linux-next branches 'stable' and 'master'. The following commands will start
+the process for a linux-next tree you added as a remote called 'next'::
+
+  git bisect start
+  git bisect good next/stable
+  git bisect bad next/master
+
+The 'stable' branch refers to the state of linux-mainline that the current
+linux-next release (found in the 'master' branch) is based on -- the former
+thus should be free of any problems that show up in -next, but not in Linus'
+tree.
+
+This will bisect across a wide range of changes, some of which you might have
+used in earlier linux-next releases without problems. Sadly there is no simple
+way to avoid checking them: bisecting from one linux-next release to a later
+one (say between 'next-20241020' and 'next-20241021') is impossible, as they
+share no common history.
 
 Additional reading material
 ---------------------------

Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst

@@ -27,6 +27,16 @@ kernel command line (/proc/cmdline) and collects module parameters
 when it loads a module, so the kernel command line can be used for
 loadable modules too.
 
+This document may not be entirely up to date and comprehensive. The command
+"modinfo -p ${modulename}" shows a current list of all parameters of a loadable
+module. Loadable modules, after being loaded into the running kernel, also
+reveal their parameters in /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/. Some of these
+parameters may be changed at runtime by the command
+``echo -n ${value} > /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/${parm}``.
+
+Special handling
+----------------
+
 Hyphens (dashes) and underscores are equivalent in parameter names, so::
 
 	log_buf_len=1M print-fatal-signals=1
@@ -39,8 +49,8 @@ Double-quotes can be used to protect spaces in values, e.g.::
 
 	param="spaces in here"
 
-cpu lists:
-----------
+cpu lists
+~~~~~~~~~
 
 Some kernel parameters take a list of CPUs as a value, e.g.  isolcpus,
 nohz_full, irqaffinity, rcu_nocbs.  The format of this list is:
@@ -82,12 +92,17 @@ so that "nohz_full=all" is the equivalent of "nohz_full=0-N".
 The semantics of "N" and "all" is supported on a level of bitmaps and holds for
 all users of bitmap_parselist().
 
-This document may not be entirely up to date and comprehensive. The command
-"modinfo -p ${modulename}" shows a current list of all parameters of a loadable
-module. Loadable modules, after being loaded into the running kernel, also
-reveal their parameters in /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/. Some of these
-parameters may be changed at runtime by the command
-``echo -n ${value} > /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/${parm}``.
+Metric suffixes
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The [KMG] suffix is commonly described after a number of kernel
+parameter values. 'K', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', and 'E' suffixes are allowed.
+These letters represent the _binary_ multipliers 'Kilo', 'Mega', 'Giga',
+'Tera', 'Peta', and 'Exa', equaling 2^10, 2^20, 2^30, 2^40, 2^50, and
+2^60 bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
+
+Kernel Build Options
+--------------------
 
 The parameters listed below are only valid if certain kernel build options
 were enabled and if respective hardware is present. This list should be kept
@@ -211,10 +226,5 @@ a fixed number of characters. This limit depends on the architecture
 and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
 ./include/uapi/asm-generic/setup.h as COMMAND_LINE_SIZE.
 
-Finally, the [KMG] suffix is commonly described after a number of kernel
-parameter values. These 'K', 'M', and 'G' letters represent the _binary_
-multipliers 'Kilo', 'Mega', and 'Giga', equaling 2^10, 2^20, and 2^30
-bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted:
-
 .. include:: kernel-parameters.txt
    :literal:

Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -921,12 +921,16 @@
 			the parameter has no effect.
 
 	crash_kexec_post_notifiers
-			Run kdump after running panic-notifiers and dumping
-			kmsg. This only for the users who doubt kdump always
-			succeeds in any situation.
-			Note that this also increases risks of kdump failure,
-			because some panic notifiers can make the crashed
-			kernel more unstable.
+			Only jump to kdump kernel after running the panic
+			notifiers and dumping kmsg. This option increases
+			the risks of a kdump failure, since some panic
+			notifiers can make the crashed kernel more unstable.
+			In configurations where kdump may not be reliable,
+			running the panic notifiers could allow collecting
+			more data on dmesg, like stack traces from other CPUS
+			or extra data dumped by panic_print. Note that some
+			configurations enable this option unconditionally,
+			like Hyper-V, PowerPC (fadump) and AMD SEV-SNP.
 
 	crashkernel=size[KMG][@offset[KMG]]
 			[KNL,EARLY] Using kexec, Linux can switch to a 'crash kernel'
@@ -6882,6 +6886,12 @@
 
 				reserve_mem=12M:4096:trace trace_instance=boot_map^traceoff^traceprintk@trace,sched,irq
 
+			Note, saving the trace buffer across reboots does require that the system
+			is set up to not wipe memory. For instance, CONFIG_RESET_ATTACK_MITIGATION
+			can force a memory reset on boot which will clear any trace that was stored.
+			This is just one of many ways that can clear memory. Make sure your system
+			keeps the content of memory across reboots before relying on this option.
+
 			See also Documentation/trace/debugging.rst
 
 

Documentation/core-api/cpu_hotplug.rst

@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ ONLINE section for notifications on online and offline operation::
    ....
    cpuhp_remove_instance(state, &inst2->node);
    ....
-   remove_multi_state(state);
+   cpuhp_remove_multi_state(state);
 
 
 Testing of hotplug states

Documentation/core-api/swiotlb.rst

@@ -295,9 +295,9 @@ slot set.
 
 Fourth, the io_tlb_slot array keeps track of any "padding slots" allocated to
 meet alloc_align_mask requirements described above. When
-swiotlb_tlb_map_single() allocates bounce buffer space to meet alloc_align_mask
+swiotlb_tbl_map_single() allocates bounce buffer space to meet alloc_align_mask
 requirements, it may allocate pre-padding space across zero or more slots. But
-when swiotbl_tlb_unmap_single() is called with the bounce buffer address, the
+when swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single() is called with the bounce buffer address, the
 alloc_align_mask value that governed the allocation, and therefore the
 allocation of any padding slots, is not known. The "pad_slots" field records
 the number of padding slots so that swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single() can free them.

Documentation/dev-tools/gcov.rst

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Possible uses:
   associated code is never run?)
 
 .. _gcov: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Gcov.html
-.. _lcov: http://ltp.sourceforge.net/coverage/lcov.php
+.. _lcov: https://github.com/linux-test-project/lcov
 
 
 Preparation

Documentation/dev-tools/kgdb.rst

@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ supports it for the architecture you are using, you can use hardware
 breakpoints if you desire to run with the ``CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX``
 option turned on, else you need to turn off this option.
 
-Next you should choose one of more I/O drivers to interconnect debugging
+Next you should choose one or more I/O drivers to interconnect the debugging
 host and debugged target. Early boot debugging requires a KGDB I/O
 driver that supports early debugging and the driver must be built into
 the kernel directly. Kgdb I/O driver configuration takes place via
-kernel or module parameters which you can learn more about in the in the
+kernel or module parameters which you can learn more about in the
 section that describes the parameter kgdboc.
 
 Here is an example set of ``.config`` symbols to enable or disable for kgdb::
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ Using loadable module or built-in
 Configure kgdboc at runtime with sysfs
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-At run time you can enable or disable kgdboc by echoing a parameters
-into the sysfs. Here are two examples:
+At run time you can enable or disable kgdboc by writing parameters
+into sysfs. Here are two examples:
 
 1. Enable kgdboc on ttyS0::
 
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ ways to activate this feature.
 
 2. Use sysfs before configuring an I/O driver::
 
-	echo 1 > /sys/module/kgdb/parameters/kgdb_use_con
+	echo 1 > /sys/module/debug_core/parameters/kgdb_use_con
 
 .. note::
 
@@ -374,10 +374,10 @@ default behavior is always set to 0.
 Kernel parameter: ``nokaslr``
 -----------------------------
 
-If the architecture that you are using enable KASLR by default,
+If the architecture that you are using enables KASLR by default,
 you should consider turning it off.  KASLR randomizes the
-virtual address where the kernel image is mapped and confuse
-gdb which resolve kernel symbol address from symbol table
+virtual address where the kernel image is mapped and confuses
+gdb which resolves addresses of kernel symbols from the symbol table
 of vmlinux.
 
 Using kdb
@@ -631,8 +631,6 @@ automatically changes into kgdb mode.
 
 	kgdb
 
-   Now disconnect your terminal program and connect gdb in its place
-
 2. At the kdb prompt, disconnect the terminal program and connect gdb in
    its place.
 
@@ -749,7 +747,7 @@ The kernel debugger is organized into a number of components:
    helper functions in some of the other kernel components to make it
    possible for kdb to examine and report information about the kernel
    without taking locks that could cause a kernel deadlock. The kdb core
-   contains implements the following functionality.
+   implements the following functionality.
 
    -  A simple shell
 

Documentation/dev-tools/kmsan.rst

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ KMSAN shadow memory
 -------------------
 
 KMSAN associates a metadata byte (also called shadow byte) with every byte of
-kernel memory. A bit in the shadow byte is set iff the corresponding bit of the
+kernel memory. A bit in the shadow byte is set if the corresponding bit of the
 kernel memory byte is uninitialized. Marking the memory uninitialized (i.e.
 setting its shadow bytes to ``0xff``) is called poisoning, marking it
 initialized (setting the shadow bytes to ``0x00``) is called unpoisoning.