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11.服务网关.md

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image-20210301175913056

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Spring Cloud 服务网关

Spring Cloud Zuul

增加依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
<!--            <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>-->
        </dependency>

创建 Zuul 代理应用

package com.springcloud.lesson11.zuul.proxy;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

/**
 * Zuul 代理引导类
 * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Finen</a>
 * @see
 * @since
 */
@SpringCloudApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulProxyApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulProxyApplication.class, args);
    }
}

配置 Zuul 应用

## Zuul 代理应用

spring.application.name=zuul-proxy

## 服务端口
server.port=6060

## 管理安全失效
# 启用端点 env
management.endpoint.env.enabled=true
# 暴露端点 env 配置多个,隔开
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*

image-20210301183743961

image-20210301183821288

配置 zuul 路由规则

application.properties

## 指定 user-service-provider
zuul.routes.user-service-provider = /user-service/**

## 配置 ribbon
user-service-provider.ribbon.listOfServers = http://localhost:9090/

## http://localhost:8080/user-service/* => http://localhost:9090/*

配合 HTTP 客户端

注意：实际配置 Ribbon 底层 HTTP 调用客户端，并非 zuul 独享此功能

默认客户端：HttpClient

装配类：HttpClientRibbonConfiguration

配置客户端：OkHttpClient

装配类：OkHttpRibbonConfiguration

激活配置：ribbon.okhttp.enabled=true

Spring Cloud 整合

服务端口信息

端口信息

zuul-proxy : 6060

config-server : 7070

user-service-client: 8080

user-service-provider : 9090

eureka-server : 10000

服务依赖关系

  • eureka-server

    • user-service-provider (1)

    • config-server (2)

      • user-service-client
        • zuul-proxy

config-server 配置 zuul-proxy 信息

configs/zuul-config.properties

## Zuul Proxy 配置内容

## 指定 user-service-provider
zuul.routes.user-service-provider = /user-service/**
## 指定 user-service-client
zuul.routes.user-service-client = /user-client/**

zuul-proxy 作为配置客户端

增加 config client 依赖

        <!-- 依赖 Spring Cloud Config Client -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

配置 config client 信息

bootstrap.properties

## Zuul 代理应用
spring.application.name = zuul-proxy

## 配置客户端应用关联的应用
## spring.cloud.config.name 是可选的
## 如果没有配置，采用 ${spring.application.name}
spring.cloud.config.name = zuul-config
## 关联 profile
spring.cloud.config.profile = default
## 关联 label
spring.cloud.config.label = master
## 激活 Config Server 服务发现
spring.cloud.config.discovery.enabled = true
## Config Server 服务器应用名称
spring.cloud.config.discovery.serviceId = config-server
## Spring Cloud Eureka 客户端 注册到 Eureka 服务器
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone = http://localhost:10000/eureka

zuul-proxy 激活服务发现

增加 Eureka Client 依赖

        <!-- 依赖 Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

ZuulFilter 调用链

ZuulFilter#run() <- ZuulFilter#runFilter() <- FilterProcessor#runFilters

FilterProcessor#preRoute()

FilterProcessor#route()

FilterProcessor#postRoute()

ZuulServletFilter ZuulServlet

            RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
            context.setZuulEngineRan();

            try {
                preRoute();
            } catch (ZuulException e) {
                error(e);
                postRoute();
                return;
            }
            try {
                route();
            } catch (ZuulException e) {
                error(e);
                postRoute();
                return;
            }
            try {
                postRoute();
            } catch (ZuulException e) {
                error(e);
                return;
            }

Zuul 自动装配

ZuulServletFilter 适用范围更大，可以拦截所有的Servlet，包括 ZuulServlet

ZuulServlet 会有URL 匹配的模式，url-pattern

Zuul 有两种的激活模式：

  • @EnableZuulProxy

    导入ZuulProxyMarkerConfiguration，随后生成一个ZuulProxyMarkerConfiguration.Marker() Bean，这个Bean 作为ZuulProxyAutoConfiguration 的装配前置条件。

    请注意：ZuulProxyMarkerConfiguration 扩展了 ZuulServerAutoConfiguration，所以 ZuulServlet 和ZuulController会被自动装配

    ZuulController 有 DispatcherServlet 来在控制,它的映射地址是："/*"，

    DispatcherServlet 中注册了一个ZuulHandlerMapping ，它控制映射到ZuulController，可以参考ZuulServerAutoConfiguration:

    	@Bean
	public ZuulController zuulController() {
		return new ZuulController();
	}

	@Bean
	public ZuulHandlerMapping zuulHandlerMapping(RouteLocator routes) {
		ZuulHandlerMapping mapping = new ZuulHandlerMapping(routes, zuulController());
		mapping.setErrorController(this.errorController);
		return mapping;
	}

    通过源码分析，ZuulController 将请求委派给ZuulServlet，所以所有的ZuulFilter 实例都会被执行。

    因此，访问 http://localhost:6060/user-service-client/user/find/all ，实际将请求递交给 DispatcherServlet

    发送请求"/user-service-client/user/find/all"

    • DispatcherServlet
      • ZuulHandlerMapping
        • ZuulController
          • ZuulServlet
            • RibbonRoutingFilter

  • @EnableZuulServer

    导入ZuulServerMarkerConfiguration ，随后生成一个 ZuulServerMarkerConfiguration.Marker() Bean ，主要用作引导装配ZuulServerAutoConfiguration

ZuulServerAutoConfiguration与 父类 ZuulProxyAutoConfiguration 区别：

父类ZuulProxyAutoConfiguration 提供了RibbonRoutingFilter

调用层次：

  • DispatcherServlet
    • ZuulHandlerMapping
      • ZuulController
        • ZuulServlet
          • ZuulFilter